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To LIE. v. n. pret. I lay; I hvve lain or
lien. [legan, Sax. liggen, Dut.]
1. To rest horizontally, or with very great
inclination against something else.

2. To rest; to press upon.

Death lies on her like an untimely show'r
Upon the sweetest flow'r of all the field.
Lie heavy on him, earth, for he
Laid many a heavy load on thee.

Shak.

Epitaph on Vanbrugh,

3. To be reposited in the grave.

All the kings of the nations lie in glory, every

one in his own house. Isa. xiv. 18. I will lie with my fathers, and thou shalt carry me out of Egypt, and bury me in your buryingplace. Gen. xlvii. 30. 4. To be in a state of decumbiture. How many good young princes would do so; their fathers lying so sick as yours at this time is? Shakesp. My little daughter lieth at the point of death; I pray thee come and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed.

5. To pass the time of sleep.

The watchful traveller,

Mark.

That by the moon's mistaken light did rise,
Lar down again, and clos'd his weary eyes. Dryd.
Forlorn he must, and persecuted ffie;
Climb the steep mountain, in the cavern lie. Prior.
6. To be laid up or reposited.

I have seen where copperas is made, great variety of them, divers of which I have yet lying by me. Boyle.

7. To remain fixed.

The Spaniards have but one temptation to quarrel with us, the recovering of Jamaica, for that has ever lien at their hearts. Temple.

8. To reside.

If thou doest well, shalt thou not be accepted? and if thou doest not well, sin lieth at the door. Gen. iv, 7.

9. To be placed or situated, with respect
to something else.

Deserts, where there lay no way.
I fly

To those happy climes that lie,
Where day never shuts his eye.

Wis dom.

Milton.

There lies our way, and that our passage home.

Dryden.

The seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie

still.

Exodus.
Do not think that the knowledge of
any parti-
ticular subject cannot be improved, merely be-
cause it has lain without improvement. Watts.
14. To be in a state of concealment.

Many things in them lie concealed to us, which
they who were concerned understood at first sight.
Locke.
15. To be in prison.

Your imprisonment shall not be long;
I will deliver you, or else lie for you.
16. To be in a bad state.

Shakesp.

Why will you lie pining and pinching yourself in such a lonesome, starving course of life? L'Estrange's Fables. The generality of mankind lie pecking at one another, till one by one they are all to n to pieces. L'Estrange's Fables. Are the gods to do your drudgery, and you lie bellowing with your finger in your mouth? L'Estrange's Fables. To be in a helpless or exposed state. To see a hated person superior, and to lie under the anguish of a disadvantage, is far enough from diversion. Collier.

17.

It is but a very small comfort, that a plain man, lying under a sharp fit of the stone for a week, receives from this fine sentence. Tillotson.

As a man should always be upon his guard against the vices to which he is most exposed, so we should take a more than ordinary care not to lie at the mercy of the weather in our moral conAddison's Freeholder.

duct.

The maintenance of the clergy is precarious, and collected from a most miserable race of farmers, at whose mercy every minister lies to be defrauded. Swift.

18. To consist.

The image of it gives me content already; and
I trust it will grow to a most prosperous perfec-
tion:-It lies much in your holding up. Shakesp.
He that thinks that diversion may not lie in hard
labour, forgets the early rising, and hard riding of
huntsmen.
Locke.

19. To be in the power; to belong to.
Do'st thou endeavour, as much as in thee lies,
to preserve the lives of all men ?

Duppa's Rules for Devotion.
He shews himself very malicious if he knows I
deserve credit, and yet goes about to blast it, as
much as in him lies. Stilling fleet on Idolatry.
Mars is the warrior's god; in him it lies
On whom he favours to confer the prize. Dryden.
20. To be valid in a court of judicature:
as, an action lieth against one.

Envy lies between beings equal in nature, though
unequal in circumstances.
Collier of Envy.
The business of a tutor, rightly employed, lies
out of the road.
Locke on Education.
What lies beyond our positive idea towards in-
finity, lies in obscurity, and has the undeterminate 21. To cost: as, it lies me in more money.
confusion of a negative idea.

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He that commits a sin shall find
The pressing guilt lie heavy on his mind,
Though bribes or favour shall assert his cause.
Creech.
Shew the power of religion, in abating that par-
ticular anguish which seems to lie so heavy on
Leonora.
Addison.

11. To be troublesome or tedious.

Suppose kings, besides the entertainment of luxury, should have spent their time, at least what lay upon their hands, in chemistry, it cannot be denied but princes may pass their time advantageously that way. Temple. I would recommend the studies of knowledge to the female world, that they may not be at a loss how to employ those hours that lie upon their hands. Addison's Guardian.

12. To be judicially imputed.

If he should intend his voyage towards I would turn her loose to him; and what he gets wife, my more of her than sharp words, let it lie on my head. Shakespeare.

13. To be in any particular state.

If money go before, all ways do lie open. Shak.
The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man
Isaiah.

ceaseth.

To importune; to teaze.
To rest; to remain still.
Ev'ry thing that heard him play,
Ev'n the billows of the sea,
Hung their heads, and then lay by;
In sweet musick is such art,
Killing care, and grief of heart,
Fall asleep, or hearing die.

Shakesp. Henry VIII.
24. To lie down. To rest; to go into a
state of repose.

The leopard shall lie down with the kid.
Isaiah xi. 6.
The needy shall lie down in safety.
Isaiah xiv. 30.
25. To lie down.
To sink into the grave.
His bones are full of the sin of his youth, which
shall lie down with him in the dust. Job xx. 11.
26. To lie in. To be in childbed.

As for all other good women that love to do but
little work, how handsome it is to lie in and sleep,
or to louse themselves in the sun-shine, they that
have been but a while in Ireland can well witness.
Spenser on Ireland.

You confine yourself most unreasonably. Come, you must go visit the lady that lies in. Shak. Cor. She had lain in, and her right breast bad been apostemated. Wiseman's Surgery.

The doctor has practised both by sea and land, and therefore cures the green sickness and lyingsin. Spectator.

When Florimel design'd to lie privately in ; She chosewith such prudence her pangs to conceal, That her nurse, nay her midwife, scarce heard her once squeal. Prior. Hysterical affections are contracted by accidents in lying in. Arbuthnot on Diet. 27. To lie under. To be subject to; to be oppressed by.

A generous person will lie under a great disad vantage. Smalridge's Sermons. This mistake never ought to be imputed to Dryden, but to those who suffered so noble a genius to lie under necessity. Pope. Europe lay then under a deep lethargy, and was no otherwise to be rescued but by one that would cry mightily. Atterbury. 28. To lie upon. To become the matter of obligation or duty.

These are not places merely of favour, the charge of souls lies upon them; the greatest_account whereof will be required at their hands. Bac.

It should lie upon him to make out how matter, by undirected motion, could at first necessarily fall, without ever erring or miscarrying, into such a curious formation of human bodies.

29. To lie with. To converse in bed.
Bentley's Sermons.
Pardon me, Bassanio,
Shakesp.

30. It may be observed of this word in
For by this ring she lay with me.
general, that it commonly implies some-
thing of sluggishness, inaction, or stea-
diness, applied to persons; and some
gravity or permanency of condition, ap-
LIEF. adj. [leof, Sax. lief, Dut.] Dear;
plied to things.
beloved. Obsolete.

My liefest lord she thus beguiled had,
For he was flesh; all flesh doth frailty breed.
Fairy Queen.
You, with the rest,
Causeless have laid disgraces on my head;
And with your best endeavour have stirr'd up
My liefest liege to be mine enemy.

Shakesp. Henry VI. LIEF. adv. Willingly; now used only in familiar speech.

If I could speak so wisely under an arrest, I would send for certain of my creditors; and yet to say the truth, I had as lief have the foppery of freedom, as the morality of imprisonment. Shakesp. LIEGE. adj. [lige, Fr. ligio, Ital. ligius, low Lat.]

1. Bound by some feudal tenure; subject: whence liegeman for subject.

2. Sovereign. [This signification seems to have accidentally arisen from the former, the lord of liege men, being by mistake called liege lord.]

Did not the whole realin acknowledge Henry VIII. for their king and liege lord? Spenser. My lady liege, said he, What all your sex desire is sovereignty. Dryden. So much of it as is founded on the law of nature, may be stiled natural religion; that is to say, a devotedness unto God our liege lord, so as to act in all things according to his will. Grew's Cosm. LIEGE. n. s. Sovereign; superior lord: scarcely in use.

O pardon me, my liege! but for my tears.

I had forestall'd this dear and deep rebuke

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LIEGEMAN, n. s. [from liege and man.] A subject: not in use.

This liegeman 'gan to wax more bold, And when he felt the folly of his lord, In his own kind, he 'gan himself unfold.

Fairy Queen. Sith then the ancestors of those that now live, yielded themselves then subjects and liegemen, | shall it not tye their children to the same subjection? Spenser on Ireland.

Stand, ho! who is there? -Friends to this ground, and liegemen to the Dane. Shakesp. LIEGER. n. s. [more proper legier, or leger.] A resident ambassador. His passions and his fears Lie liegers for you in his breast, and there Negotiate your affairs. Denham's Sophy

LIEN, the participle of lie.

One of the people might lightly have lien with thy wife. Gen. xxvi. 10. LIENTE RICK. adj. [from lientery.] Pertaining to a lientery.

There are many medicinal preparations of iron, but none equal to the tincture made without acids; especially in obstructions, and to strengthen the

tone of the parts; as, in lienterick and other like

cases.

Grew's Museum.

LIENTERY. n. s. [from λelor, læve smooth, and rigor, intestinum gut; lienterie, Fr.] A particular looseness, or diarrhoea, wherein the food passes so suddenly through the stomach and guts, as to be thrown out by stool with little or no alteration. Quincy.

LIER. n. s. [from to lie.] One that rests or lies down, or remains concealed.

There were liers in ambush against him bebind the city. Jos viii. 14. LIEU. n. s. [Fr.] Place; room: it is only used with in; in lieu, instead.

God, of his great liberality, had determined, in lieu of man's endeavours, to bestow the same by the rule of that justice which best beseemeth him.

Hooker.

In lieu of such an increase of dominion, it is our business to extend our trade. Addison's Freehold. LIEVE. adv. [See LIEF.] Willingly.

Speak the speech, I pray you, as I pronounced it to you, tripplingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, as many of our players do, I had as lieve the town-crier had spoke my lines.

Shakesp

Action is death to some sort of people, and they would as lieve hang as work. L'Estrange. LIEUTENANCY. n. s. [lieutenance, Fr. from lieutenant.]

1. The office of a lieutenant.

If such tricks as these strip you out of your lieutenancy, it had been better you had not kissed Shakesp. your three fingers so oft.

2. The body of lieutenants.

The list of undisputed masters, is hardly so long as the list of the lieutenancy of our metropolis. Felton on the Classicks.

LIEUTENANT. n. s. [lieutenant, Fr.] 1. A deputy; one who acts by vicarious authority.

Whither away so fast?

-No farther than the tower.
-We'll enter all together,

And in good time here the lieutenant comes. Shak.

I must put you in mind of the lords lieutenants, and deputy lieutenants, of the counties: their proper use is for ordering the military affairs, in order to oppose an invasion from abroad, or a rebellion or sedition at home.

Bacon.

Killing, as it is considered in itself without all undue circumstances, was never prohibited to the lawful magistrate, who is the vicegerent or lieutenant of God, from whom he derives his power of life and death. Bramhall against Hobbes.

Sent by our new lieutenant, who in Rome, And since from me, has heard of your renown, I come to offer peace. Philips's Briton. 2. In war, one who holds the next rank to a superior of any denomination; as, a 4. general has his lieutenant generals, a colonel his lieutenant colonel, and a captain simply his lieutenant.

It were meet that such captains only were employed as have formerly served in that country, and been at least lieutenants there. Spenser on Irel.

According to military custom the place was good, and the lieutenant of the colonel's company might well pretend to the next vacant captainship. Wotton

The earl of Essex was made lieutenant general of the army; the most popular man of the kingdom, and the darling of the swordmen. Clarendon.

5.

His lieutenant, engaging against his positive orders, being beaten by Lysander, Alcibiades was again banished. Swift. 6.

Gay.

Canst thou so many gallant soldiers see, And captains and lieutenants slight for me? LIEUTENANTSHIP. n. s. [from lieutenant.] The rank or office of lieutenant. LIFE. n. s. plural lives. [lipian, to live, Saxon.]

1. Union and co-operation of soul with body; vitality; animation, opposed to an inanimate state.

On thy life no more.

-My life never held but as a pawn To wage against thy foes.

Shakesp. K. Lear. She shews a body rather than a life, A statue than a breather. Shakesp. Ant. and Cleop. Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life. Gen. i. 20.

The identity of the same man consists in nothing! but a participation of the same continued life, by constantly fleeting particles of matter, in succession vitally united to the same organized body.

Locke.

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Nor love thy life, nor hate; but what thou liv'st Live well, how long or short permit to Heav'n. Milton He entreated me not to take his life, but exact a sum of money. Broome on the Odyssey. Blood, the supposed vehicle of life. His gushing entrails smoak'd upon the ground, And the warm life came issuing through the wound. Pope.

Conduct; manner of living with respect to virtue or vice.

His faith perhaps in some nice tenets might Be wrong; his life I'm sure was in the right.

Cowley

Pope.

Henry and Edward, brightest sons of fame, And virtuous Alfred, a more sacred name; After a life of glorious toils endur'd, Clos'd their long glories with a sigh. I'll teach my family to lead good lives. Condition; manner of living with respect to happiness and misery.

Mrs. Barker.

Such was the life the frugal Sabines led; So Remus and his brother god were bred.

Dryden.

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Prior. The administration of this bank is for life, and partly in the hands of the chief citizens. Addison on Italy. 8. The living form: opposed to copies. This is the best part of beauty which a picture cannot express, no, nor the first sight of the life. Bacon's EssayS, Let him visit eminent persons of great name abroad, that he may tell how the life agreeth with the fame. Bacon. He that would be a master, must draw by the life as well as copy from originals, ard join theory Collier. and experience together.

9. Exact resemblance: with to before it. I believe no character of any person was ever better drawn to the life than this. Denham. Rich carvings, portraiture, and imag'ry, Where ev'ry figure to the life express' The godhead's pow'r. Dryden's Knight's Tale.

He saw in order painted on the wall The wars that fame around the world had blown, All to the life, and every leader known. 10. General state of man. Studious they appear

Dryden.

Of arts that polish life; inventors rare! Unmindful of their Maker.

Milton.

Pope

All that cheers or softens life,
The tender sister, daughter, friend, and wife.

11. Common occurrences; human affairs the course of things.

This I know, not only by reading of books in my study, but also by experience of life abroad in Ascham the world.

Not to know at large of things remote
From use, obscure and subtile; but to know
That which before us lies in daily life,
Is the prime wisdom.

12. Living person.

Milton's Par. Lost

Why should I play the Roman fool, and die On mine own sword? whilst I see lives the gashes Do better upon them. Shakesp. Macbeth

13. Narrative of a life past.

Plutarch, that writes his life,

Pop

Tells us, that Cato dearly lov'd his wife. 14. Spirit; briskness; vivacity; resolu

tion.

The Helots bent thitherward with a new life C resolution, as if their captain had beer, a root ou Sidney of which their courage had sprung.

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Is it not as this mouth should tear this hand
For lifting food to't? Shakesp. King Lear.
Your guests are coming;
Lift up our countenance, as were the day
Of celebration of that nuptial. Shak. Winter's Tale.
Propp'd by the spring, it lifts aloft the head,
But of a sickly beauty soon to shed,
In summer living, and in winter dead.
2. To bear; to support. Not in use.

His forehead struck the ground, Lifeblood and life rush'd mingled through the wound. Dryden. They loved with that calm and noble value 3. which dwells in the heart, with a warmth like that of lifeblood. Spectator.

Money, the lifeblood of the nation, Corrupts and stagnates in the veins, Unless a proper circulation

Its motion and its heat maintains. LIFEEVERLASTING. n. s.

LIFEGIVING. N. s.

Swift.
An herb.
Ainsworth.
[life and giving.]

Having the power to give life.

His own heat,

4.

Dryden.

So down he fell, that th' earth him underneath
Did groan, as feeble so great load to lift. Fairy Q.
To rob; to plunder. Whence the

term shoplifter.

So weary bees in little cells repose,
But if night robbers lift the well-stor'd hive,
An humming through their waxen city grows.
Dryden.
To exalt; to elevate mentally.
My heart was lift up in the ways of the Lord.

2 Chron.

Spenser.

Of Orpheus now no more let poets tell,
To bright Cæcilia greater pow'r is given,
His numbers rais'd a shade from hell,
Hers lift the soul to heav'n.
5. To raise in fortune.

Pope.

Kindled at first from heav'n's lifegiving fire.

He sat devising death

To them who liv'd; nor on the virtue thought

Of that lifegiving plant. LIFEGUARD. n. s.

Milton's Paradise Lost.

[life and guard.]

The guard of a King's person. LIFELESS. adj. [from life.]

1. Dead; deprived of life.

I who make the triumph of to-day,
May of to-morrow's pomp one part appear,
Ghastly with wounds, and lifeless on the bier. Prior.
2. Unanimated; void of life.

Was I to have never parted from thy side?
As good have grown there still a lifeless rib! Milt.
Thus began

Outrage from lifeless things.

Milton.

The power which produces their motions, springs from something without themselves: if this power were suspended, they would become a lifeless unactive heap of matter.

Cheyne.

And empty words she gave,and sounding strain. But senseless, lifeless! idol void and vain. Pope. 3. Wanting power, force, or spirit.

Hopeless and helpless doth Egeon wend, But to procrastinate his lifeless end.

Shakesp.

Prior.

Unknowing to command, proud to obey A lifeless king, a royal shade I lay. 4. Wanting or deprived of physical energy.

Dryden.

The eye of the Lord lifted up his head from misery.

6. To raise in estimation.

Ecclus.

And you freely must own, you were at a dead lift Swift 4. Lift, in Scotland, denotes a load or surcharge of any thing; as also, if one be disguised much with liquor, they say, He has got a great lift.

5. [In Scottish.] The sky: for in a starry
night they say, How clear the lift is!
6. Lifts of a sail are ropes to raise or
lower them at pleasure.

LIFTER. n. s. [from lift.] One that lifts.
Thou, O Lord, art my glory, and the lifter up
of mine head.
Psalm. iii. 3.

To LIG. v. n. [leggen, Dut.]
Thou kenst the great care

To lie.

I have of thy health and thy welfare,
Which many wild beasts liggen in wait,
For to entrap in thy tender state. Spens. Pastorals
LIGAMENT. n. s. [ligamentum, from
ligo, Lat. ligament, Fr.]

1. Ligament is a white and solid body,
softer than a cartilage, but harder than
a membrane; they have no conspicuous
cavities, neither have they any sense,
lest they should suffer upon the motion
of the joint: their chief use is to fasten
the bones, which are articulated toge-
ther for motion, lest they should be
dislocated with exercise. Quincy.
Be all their ligaments at once unbound,
And their disjointed bones to powder ground.
Sandys.
The incus is one way joined to the malleus, the
other end being a process is fixed with a ligament
Holder.
to the stapes.

Neither can it be thought, because some lessons 2. [In popular or poetical language.] Any
thing which connects the parts of the
body.

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See to what a godlike height
The Roman virtues lift up mortal man! Addison.
8. To elevate; to swell as with pride.
Lifted up with pride.

1 Tim. iii. 6.
Our successes have been great, and our hearts
have been too much lifted up by them, so that we
have reason to humble ourselves. Atterbury.

9. Up is sometimes emphatically added to
lift.

He lift up his spear against eight hundred,
whom he slew at one time.
2 Sam. xxiii. 8.
Arise, lift up the lad, and hold him in thine
hand.
Genesis.

To LIFT. v. n. To strive to raise by
strength.

Pinch cattle of pasture while summer doth last,
And lift at their tailes ere a winter be past. Tusser.
The mind, by being engaged in a task beyond
its strength, like the body strained by lifting at a
weight too heavy, has often its force broken. Locke.
LIFT. n. s. [from the verb.]
The manner of lifting.

With-1.

The other victor-flame a moment stood, Then fell, and lifeless left the extinguish'd wood. LIFELESLY. adv. [from lifeless.] out vigour; frigidly; jejunely. LIFELIKE. adj. [life and like.] Like a living person.

Minerva, lifelike, on embodied air Impress'd the form of Ipthema the fair. LIFESTRING. n. s.

Pope.

2.

[life and string.] Nerve; strings imagined to convey life.

These lines are the veins, the arteries,
The undecaying lifestrings of those hearts
That still shall pant, and still shall exercise
The motion spirit and nature both impart. Daniel.

Con

LIFETIME. n. s. [life and time.]
tinuance or duration of life.
Jordain talked prose all his life-time, without
knowing what it was.
Addison on Medals.

VOL. II.

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that makes the speed.
The act of lifting.
The goat gives the fox a lift, and out he springs.
L'Estrange.

3. Effort; struggle. Dead-lift is an effort
to raise what with the whole force can-
not be moved; and figuratively any state
of impotence and inability.
Myself and Trulla made a shift
To help him out at a dead lift.

Mr. Doctor had puzzled his brains
In making a ballad, but was at a stand.

Hudibras.

Though our ligaments betimes grow weak,
We must not force them till themselves they break
Denham
3. Bond; chain; entanglement.

Men sometimes, upon the hour of departure, de speak and reason above themselves; for then the soul, beginning to be freed from the ligaments of the body, reasons like herself, and discourses in a strain above mortality. Addison's Spectato" LIGAMENTAL. n. s. [from ligament.] LIGAMENTOUS. Composing a liga

ment.

The urachos or ligamental passage, is derived
from the bottom of the bladder, whereby it dis-
chargeth the watery and urinary part of its ali-
ment.
Brown's Vulg. Err.
The clavicle is inserted into the first bone of
the sternon, and bound in by a strong ligamentous
membrane.
Wiseman.

LIGA'TION. n. s. [ligativ, Lat.]
1. The act of binding.

2. The state of being bound.

Addison.

[ligature, Fr. liga

The slumber of the body seems to be but the waking of the soul; it is the ligation of sense, but the liberty of reason. LIGATURE. n. s. tura, Lat.] 1. Any thing tied round another; bandage. He deludeth us also by philters, ligatures, charms, and many superstitious ways in the cure of diseases. Brown.

If you slit the artery, and thrust into it a pipe, and cast a strait ligature upon that part of the artery; notwithstanding the blood hath free passage through the pipe, yet will not the artery beat below the ligature; but do but take off the ligature, it will beat immediately. Ray on the Creation. The many ligatures of our English dress check the circulation of the blood. Spectator

I found my arms and legs very strongly faster ed on each side to the ground; 1 likewise felt so

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The fatal noose performed its office, and with most strict ligature squeezed the blood into his

face. Arbuthnot's John Bull. Any stoppage of the circulation will produce a dropsy, as by strong ligature or compression. Arbuthnot on Diet. Not very

3. The state of being bound. proper.

Sand and gravel grounds easily admit of heat and moisture, for which they are not much the better, because they let it pass too soon, and contract no ligature. Mortimer's Husbandry. LIGHT. n. s. [leope, Sax.]

1. That material medium of sight; that body by which we see; luminous mat

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3. Power of perceiving external objects by the eye: opposed to blindness.

My strength faileth me; as for the light of

mine eyes, it also is gone from me.

confin'd,

Psalms.

If it be true that light is in the soul, She all in every part, why was the sight To such a slender ball as th' eye So obvious and so easy to be quench'd, And not as feeling through all parts diffus'd That she might look at will through ev'ry pore? Milton. 4. Day.

The murderer rising with the light killeth the poor. Job. Ere the third dawning light Return, the stars of morn shall see him rise Out of his grave, fresh as the dawning light. Milt. 5. Life.

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9.

ture; Lut the greater light must strike forcibly on those places of the picture where the principal figures are; diminishing as it comes nearer the borders. Dryden's Dufresnoy.

Reach of knowledge; mental view. Light, and understanding, and wisdom, like the wisdom of the gods, was found in him. Daniel, v. 11. We saw as it were thick clouds, which did put us in some hope of land, knowing how that part of the South Sea was utterly unknown, and might have islands or continents that hitherto were not come to light.

Bacon's Nat. Hist.

They have brought to light not a few profitable experiments. Bacon's Nat. Hist. 10. Point of view; situation; direction in which the light falls.

Frequent consideration of a thing wears off the strangeness of it; and shews it in its several lights, and various ways of appearance, to the view of the mind. South. It is impossible for a man of the greatest parts to consider any thing in its whole extent, and in all its variety of lights. Spectator. An author who has not learned the art of ranging his thoughts, and setting them in proper lights, will lose himself in confusion. Addison. 11. Publick view; publick notice.

Why am I ask'd what next shall see the light? Heav'ns! was I born for nothing but to write? Pope. 12. The publick.

Grave epistles bringing vice to light, Such as a king might read, a bishop write. Pope. 13. Explanation.

I have endeavoured, throughout this discourse, that every former part might give strength unto all that follow, and every latter bring some light unto all before. Hooker.

We should compare places of scripture treating of the same point: thus one part of the sacred text could not fail to give light unto another. Locke's Essays on St. Paul's Epistles. 14. Any thing that gives light; a pharos ; a taper; any luminous body.

That light you see is burning in my hall:
How far that little candle throws his beams,
So shines a good deed in a naughty world. Shak.
Then he called for a light, and sprang in and
fell down before Paul.
Acts, xvi. 29.
I have set thee to be a light of the Gentiles, for
salvation unto the ends of the earth. Acts, xiii. 47.
Let them be for signs,

For seasons, and for days, and circling years;
And let them be for lights, as I ordain
Their office in the firmament of heav'n,
To give light on the earth.

Milton.

I put as great difference between our new lights and ancient truths, as between the sun and a meteor. Glanville.

Several lights will not be seen. If there be nothing else between; Men doubt, because they stand so thick i' th' sky, If those be stars that paint the galaxy. Cowley.

I will make some offers at their safety, by fixing some marks like lights upon a coast, by which the ships may avoid at least known rocks.

Temple.

He still must mourn The sun, and moon, and ev'ry starry light, Eclips'd to him, and lost in everlasting night.

LIGHT. adj. [leoht, Sax.]

Prior.

1. Not tending to the center with great force; not heavy.

The books of Varro concerning navigation are lost, which no doubt would give us great light in those matters. Arbuthnot on Coins. 2. 8. The part of a picture which is drawn with bright colours, or in which the light is supposed to fall.

Never admit two equal lights in the same pic

Hot and cold were in one body fixt, And soft with hard, and light with heavy mixt.

Dryden.

3.

It will be light, that you may bear it Under a cloke that is of any length. Shakerp.

A king that would not feel his crown too heavy, must wear it every day; but if he think it too light, he knoweth not of what metal it is made. Bacon's Essays Not afflictive; easy to be endured. Every light and common thing incident into Hooker. any part of man's life.

Light suff rings give us leisure to complain, We groan, but cannot speak, in greater pain. Dryden. Easy to be performed; not difficult.

Well pleas'd were all his friends, the task was light,

The father, mother, daughter, they invite. Dryd. 5. Easy to be acted on by any power.

Apples of a ripe flavour, fresh and fair, Mellow'd by winter from their cruder juice, Light of digestion now, and fit for use. Dryder. 6. Not heavily armed.

Paulus Bachitius, with a company of light horsemen, lay close in ambush, in a convenient place for that purpose. Knolles.

7. Active; nimble.

He so light was at legerdemain, That what he touch'd came not to light again. Spenser

Asahel was as light of foot as a wild roe.

2 Sam. ii. 18. There Stamford came, for his honour was lame Of the gout three months together;

But it prov'd, when they fought, but a ruuning gout, Denham

For heels were lighter than ever.

Youths, a blooming band; Light bounding from the earth at once they rise, Their feet half viewless quiver in the skies. Pope.

8. Unencumbered; unembarrased; clear of impediments.

Unmarried men are best masters, but not best subjects; for they are light to run away. Bacon. Slight; not great.

9.

A light error in the manner of making the fol lowing trials was enough to render some of them unsuccessful. Boyle.

10. Not dense; not gross.

In the wilderness there is no bread, nor water, and our soul loatheth this light bread.

Numbers, xxi. 5. Light fumes are merry, grosser fumes are sad, Both are the reasonable soul run mad. Dryden. 11. Easy to admit any influence; unsteady; unsettled; loose.

False of heart, light of ear, bloody of hand.

Shakesp. These light vain persons still are drunk and mad With surfeitings, and pleasures of their youth. Davies.

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These weights did not exert their natural gra-13. Not chaste; not regular in conduct. vity till they were laid in the golden balance, insomuch that I could not guess which was light or heavy whilst I held them in my hand. Addison. Not burdensome; easy to be worn or carried, or lifted; not onerous.

Horse, oxen, plough, tumbrel, cart, waggon, and wain,

The lighter and stronger the greater thy gaine. Tusser.

Shakesp.

14. [From light, n. s.] Bright; clear. As soon as the morning was light, the men were sent away. Gen. xliv. 3. The horses ran up and down with their tails Knolles. and manes on a light fire. 15. Not dark; tending to whiteness.

with on.

In painting, the light and a white colour are [2. To fall in any particular direction: but one and the same thing: no colour more resembles the air than white, and by consequence no colour which is lighter. Dryden.

Two cylindrick bodies with annular fu'ci, found with sharks teeth, and other shells, in a light coloured clay. Woodward. LIGHT. adv. [from lightly, by colloquial corruption.] Lightly; cheaply.

Shall we set light by that custom of reading, from whence so precious a benefit hath grown? Hooker.

To LIGHT. v. a. [from light, n. s.]
1. To kindle; to inflame; to set on fire;
to make flame.

Swinging coals about in the wire, thoroughly lighted them.

Boyle. This truth shines so clear, that to go about to prove it, were to light a candle to seek the sun.

The maids, who waited her commands,

Glanville.

3.

The wounded steed curvets; and rais'd upright,
Lights on his feet before: his hoofs behind
Spring up in air aloft, and lash the wind. Dryden.

To fall; to strike on: with on.

He at his foe with furious rigour smites,
That strongest oak might seem to overthrow;
The stroke upon his shield so heavy lights,
That to the ground it doubleth him full low.

Spenser.
At an uncertain lot none can find themselves
grieved on whomsoever it lighteth.
Hooker.
They shall hunger no more; neither shall the
sun light on them, nor any heat. Rev. vii. 16
On me, me only, as the source and spring
Of all corruption, all the blame lights due.
Milton's Par. Lost.
A curse lights upon him presently after his
great army is utterly ruined, he himself slain in
it, and his head and right hand cut off, and hung
up before Jerusalem.
South.

Ran in with lighted tapers in their hands. Dryden. 4. [Alightan, Sax.] To descend from a

Be witness, gods, and strike Jocasta dead,
If an immodest thought, or low desire,
Inflam'd my breast since first our loves were lighted.

Dryden.
Absence might cure it, or a second mistress
Light up another flame, and put out this.
Addison's Cato.

2. To give light to; to guide by light.

A beam that falls

Fresh from the pure glance of thine eye,
Lighting to eternity.

Crashaw.
Ah hopeless,lasting flames! likes those that burn
To light the dead, and warm th' unfruitful urn.

3. To illuminate; to fill with light.

Pope.

The sun was set, and vesper, to supply
His absent beams, had lighted up the sky. Dryd.
4. Up is emphatically joined to light.
No sun was lighted up the world to view.

Dryden's Ovid. 5. [From the adjective.] To lighten; to ease of a burthen.

Land some of our passengers,
And light this weary vessel of her load. F. Queen.
To LIGHT. v. n. [lickt chance, Dut.]
præter. lighted or light, or lit.]

1. To happen to find; to fall upon by
chance it has on before the thing
found.

No more settled in valour than disposed to justice, if either they had lighted on a better friend, or could have learned to make friendship a child, and not the father of virtue.

Sidney.
The prince, by chance, did on a lady light,
That was right fair, and fresh as morning rose.
Spenser.
Haply your eye shall light upon some toy
You have desire to purchase.
Shakesp.
As in the tides of people once up, there want
not stirring winds to make them more rough; so
this people did light upon two ringleaders. Bacon.
Of late years, the royal oak did light upon count
Rhodophil.
Howell.

5.

horse or carriage.

When Naaman saw him running fter him, he
lighted down from the chariot to meet him.
2 Kings, v. 21.
I saw 'em salute on horseback,
Bebeld them when they lighted, how they clung
In their embracement.
Shakesp.
Rebekah lifted up her eyes, and when she saw
Isaac, she lighted off the camel. Gen. xxiv. 64.
The god laid down his feeble rays,
Then lighted from his glittering coach.

Swift.

Shak.

To settle; to rest; to stoop from flight.
I plac'd a quire of such enticing birds,
That she will light to listen to their lays.
Then as a bee which among weeds doth fall,
Which seem sweet flow'rs, with lustre fresh and gay
She lights on that, and this, and tasteth all,
But pleas'd with none, doth rise, and soar away.
Davies.

Plant trees and shrubs near home, for bees to
pitch on at their swarming, that they may not be
in danger of being lost for want of a lighting place.
Mortimer's Husbandry.
[hir lige, Sax.]

To LIGHTEN. v. n.
1. To flash, with thunder.

This dreadful night,
That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars,
Shakesp.

As doth the lion.

Although I joy in thee,

I have no joy of this contract to-night;
It is too rash, too unadvis'd, too sudden,
Too like the light'ning, which doth cease to be
Ere one can say it lightens.
Shakesp. Romeo and Juliet.
The lightning that lighteneth out of the one
part under heaven, sheweth unto the other part.
Luke, xvii. 24.
2. To shine like lightning.

Yet looks he like a king: behold his eye,
As bright as is the eagle's, lightens forth
Controlling majesty.

3. To fall; to light.

Shakesp.

O Lord, let thy mercy lighten upon us, as we
do put our trust in thee. Common Prayer.
To LIGHTEN. v. a. [from light.]
Boyle. 1. To illuminate; to enlighten.

The way of producing such a change on colours may be easily enough lighted on, by those conversant in the solutions of mercury.

He sought by arguments to sooth her pain; Nor those avail'd at length he lights on one, Before two moons their orb with light adorn, If Heav'n allow me life, I will return.

Dryden.

Truth, light upon this way, is of no more avail to us than error; for what is so taken up by us, may be false as well as true; and he has not done his duty, who has thus stumbled upon truth in his way to preferment. Locke.

Whosoever first lit on a parcel of that substance we call gold, could not rationally take the bulk and figure to depend on its real essence. Locke. As wily reynard walk'd the streets at night, On a tragedian's mask he chanc'd to light; Turning it o'er, he mutter'd with disdain, How vast a head is here without a brain! Addison. A weaker man may sometimes light on notions whi b have escaped a wiser. Watts on the Mind.

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Shak. The audience are grown weary of continued melancholy scenes; and few tragedies shall succeed in this age, if they are not lightened with a course of mirth. Dryden. LIGHTER. n. s. [from light, to make light.] A heavy boat into which ships are lightened or unloaded.

They have cock boats for passengers, and lighters
for burthen.
Careu.
He climb'd a stranded lighter's height,
Shot to the black abyss, and plung'd downright.
Pope.
LIGHTERMAN. n. s. [lighter and man.]
One who manages a lighter.

Where much shipping is employed, whatever
becomes of the merchant, multitudes of people
will be gainers; as shipwrights, butchers, carmen,
and lightermen.
LIGHTFINGERED. adj.

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LIGHTHEADEDNESS. n. s.
ness; disorder of the mind.
LIGHTHEARTED. adj. [light and heart.]
Gay; merry; airy; cheerful.
LIGHTHOUSE. n. s. [light and house.].
An high building, at the top of which
lights are hung to guide ships at sea.

He charged himself with the risque of such vessels as carried corn in winter; and built a pharos or lighthouse. Arbuthnot.

Build two poles to the meridian, with immense lighthouses on the top of them. Arbuthnot and Pope. LIGHTLEGGED. adj. [light and leg.]

Nimble; swift.

Lightlegged Pas has got the middle space.Sidney. LIGHTLESS. adj. [from light.] Wanting light; dark.

LIGHTLY. adv. [from light.]
1. Without weight.

Ben Jonson.

This grave partakes the fleshly birth,
Which cover lightly, gentle earth.
2. Without deep impression.

Prior.

The soft ideas of the cheerful note, Lightly receiv'd, were easily forgot. [from light, 3. Easily; readily; without difficulty; of

course.

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