§ 160. Formaldehyde.

Formaldehyde put in cream (or any other food) to preserve it is both an adulteration of it and the adding to it of a poison.1

§ 161. Fruits and Vegetables.

To offer for sale or sell filthy, decomposed and putrid vegetables is an offense.1 So any article of food made out of filthy, decomposed and putrid vegetables is liable to seizure and destruction, such as catsup, or canned tomatoes, or peaches that are decayed, filthy and covered with mold.*

§ 162. Gin.

Salicylic acid, brucine and strychnine, put in gin, adulterates it.1

§ 163. Glucose.

To use in preserves a greater percent of glucose than the label specifies the article of food on which it is placed contains, is an adulteration, and renders the manufacturer liable to a penalty.1 Commercial glucose of 4.9 percent used in apple-butter is an adulterant,2 or 65.8 percent, instead of 50 percent, in corn syrup and sorghum compound. Glucose used in a jam compound for sugar is an adulterant of it,* and so in peach butter, although not used as a substitute for sugar, or in alleged pure maple syrup. Glucose used in cane syrup is an adulterant."

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§ 163a. Hominy.

Hominy having in it filthy and decomposed vegetable matter is adulterated.1

§ 164. Honey.

To use in honey invert sugar and glucose, even in small quantities, is to adulterate it.1

§165. Hydrocyanic Acid.

Hydrocyanic acid used in vanilla is an adulterant.1

§ 166. Ice.

A filthy and deleterious ingredient, consisting wholly or in part of a filthy, decomposed and putrid animal and vegetable substance, in ice, adulterates it.1

§167. Ice Cream-Homogenized Butter and Skimmed Milk.

Ice cream made of gelatin and milk is adulterated.1 Ice cream from which the butter fat has been extracted is adulterated. To use boric acid in ice cream cones is to violate the statute.3

"Investigations have shown that there has lately come into use in the trade an apparatus known as a 'homogenizer,' which has the faculty of so disrupting the globules of fat that a whole milk homogenized does not permit the separation of the cream through the ordinary gravity methods. In like manner butter or other fat, and skimmed milk, passed through the homogenizer, form a product from which the butter does not separate on standing, and which resembles in its other physical characteristics whole milk.

1 N. J. 923.

1 F. I. D. 18; F. I. D. 20; F. I. D. 21. See N. J. 269 and N. J. 352. Adulteration. Wiley, Food

Adulteration 493.

1 N. J. 142. Detection. Leach, Food Inspection 877.

1 N. J. 299.

1 N. J. 438; N. J. 213.

2 N. J. 430; N. J. 425.

3 N. J. 724; N. J. 725; N. J. 814; N. J. 831; N. J. 899; N. J. 911.

"Investigations have further shown that butter and skimmed milk are passed through the homogenizer to form a socalled 'cream,' which is used in place of real cream in the manufacture of ice cream.

"The board is of the opinion that skimmed milk and butter fat in appropriate proportions passed through the homogenizer are not entitled to the name of 'milk' or the name of 'cream,' as the case may be, according to the quantity of fat which is present. The board is further of the opinion that the product made from a homogenized butter or skimmed milk can not be properly called 'ice cream.' ''

§ 167a. Jamaica Ginger.

Jamaica ginger not over one half the standard of that article is adulterated.1

§ 168. Jam Compound-Jelly.

To substitute in a jam compound glucose for sugar is to adulterate it.1 A jam that is "infiltrated with yeast, and mold with a few mites and eel larvae present, the yeast odor pronounced," or one containing "yeast spores and mold abundantly," or one containing an abundance of mold with a considerable number of mites and a great abundance of spores present, indicating that smut-infected figs were used, is adulterated and unfit for food. A substance labeled "jelly," containing free sulphuric acid and benzoate of soda, and not a jelly, but a viscous syrup with a fruit flavor, is adulterated."

§ 169. Kola-Ade.

Cocaine and coca-leaf alkaloids used in a soft drink are forbidden by the statute.1

4 F. I. D. 132. Leach Food In

spection 198.

1 N. J. 936; N. J. 920.

1 N. J. 602.

2 N. J. 716.

3 N. J. 811. See Wiley, Food Adulteration 375, and Leach, Food Inspection 911.

1 N. J. 310.

§ 170. Koca-Nola.

Koca-Nola in which cocaine is used in an appreciable quantity is adulterated.1

§171. Kos-Kola.

Cocaine used in Kos-Kola is forbidden by the statute.1

§ 172. Lemon and Orange Flavoring.

3

A dilute solution of alcohol used in lemon flavor is an adulterant.1 Extract of Lemon (Baker), Soluble Terpeneless Citrol, which consists of highly dilute terpeneless extract of lemon, containing only 0.04 percent of citrol, and practically no oil of lemon, is adulterated. And the same is true of Extract of Orange. Soluble Terpeneless. Lemon flavoring containing no oil of lemon, and containing a dye known as naphthol yellow S, substituted in whole or in part for the lemon extract, is adulterated. Substituting in terpeneless lemon extract water for citrol so as to reduce the proportion of citral in the product to one-hundredth of one percent of the total constituents in the article, is an adulteration of the lemon extract, which contains not less than one-fifth of one percent by weight of citrol. To color lemon flavoring with a coal-tar dye is an offense."

§ 173. Lemon Oil.

To mix the vegetable oil known as "sesame" oil with lemon oil is to adulterate it.1

1 N. J. 202.

1 N. J. 296.

1 N. J. 689; N. J. 444; N. J. 313; N. J. 939.

2 N. J. 661; N. J. 444; N. J. 339; N. J. 281; N. . 279; N. J. 277.

3 N. J. 661; N. J. 339; N. J. 279 (orangeade).

4 N. J. 660; N. J. 644; N. J. 637; N. J. 627; N. J. 532; N. J. 807.

5 N. J. 601; N. J. 807; N. J.

6 N. J. 585; N. J. 536; N. J. 534; N. J. 444; N. J. 408; N. J. 115; N. J. 130; N. J. 147; N. J. 149; N. J. 152; N. J. 939.

For a discussion of this phase of the subject, see the opinion of Judge Hollister, N. J. 823. Adulteration, Leach, Food Inspection 862.

1 N. J. 505; N. J. 259.

§ 174. Macaroni.

Martius' yellow, used in the manufacture of macaroni, is an adulteration. It is a poison which will kill.1

§ 175. Maple Syrup.

To add water in addition to the quantity of water which is a proper constituent of maple syrup, whereby the strength of the syrup is reduced, is an adulteration.1 To mix canesugar syrup with maple syrup is an adulteration of the latter; so of glucose mixed with maple syrup.3

§ 176. Meat-Fish.

It is a violation of the Pure Food Law to sell filthy, decomposed or putrid fish that is unfit for human consumption.1

§ 177. Milk and Cream.

Water used in milk is an adulterant, and to abstract from milk butter fat is a violation of the statute.1 Milk that contains a filthy, decomposed and putrid animal substance, and that has been skimmed and a large portion of the fat re