SME Mining Engineering Handbook, Volum 1

ammonium nitrate ANFO angle application blasthole blasting agents borehole Bureau of Mines chemical chute coal compressive compressive strength conveyor cost cutter depth determined detonation diameter drift effect Engineering equipment excavation exploration face factors footwall fracture geologic grizzly ground haulage hoist hole horizontal hydraulic hydrothermal igneous rocks increased lands limestone loader loading longwall longwall mining machine material maximum mechanical mineral mineral deposits mining method muck normally oil shale opening operations penetration rate percussive percussive drills permit pillars placer porphyry copper pressure production quartzite raise result rock roof rotary safety samples shaft shear shear stress shotcrete slope slusher steel stope strength stress concentration stress field sublevel surface thickness timber tion tons tunnel U.S. Bureau U.S. Geological Survey undercut underground unit uranium usually vein velocity ventilation vertical