ball may be easily dropped. Keeping the crosse level, you bring it round towards your right side, but pointing straight out from the body. At the same time raise the arm and the crosse; swing the latter round, using the hand as a pivot, until the net is over the shoulder, and level enough for the ball to remain on. In coming round the fingers instinctively change their hold on the handle, and the wrist gets bent back. With a sudden spring from the elbow and wrist you swing the crosse upwards and forwards, and drive the ball both hard and sure. The difficulty lies in bringing the crosse round to the shoulder without dropping the ball. Besides this throw from the shoulder, there is what we may call

The underhand throw (to borrow another name from cricket). In this you face the mark you throw at, and jerk the ball up off the crosse straight before you. It requires no change of position, and therefore can be done quickly; but it is the weakest throw of all. It is, however, accurate, for you have the advantage of a good view. You cannot throw this way with a low trajectory (to use a term well understood by volunteers), and therefore the ball is easy to stop. You must hold the crosse short with one hand, and try to get the ball on the middle of the net. It is not a bad throw to end a run in close to goal. By turning the left side a little to the mark you gain power. Except in throwing from the shoulder, the more you face away from the mark the stronger you will throw.

There are various ways of throwing past the side (the left). You turn your back to the mark, but with the left side more or less to it. Raise the right side of the crosse to prevent the ball coming off, and then swing round. In most of these ways you keep the crosse as close in as possible, and jerk the ball off just clear of the left side or shoulder. (It is jerked back over the right shoulder sometimes.) But there is one way in which the crosse is kept out at right angles to the body the whole time of throwing. This is a good throw, but a difficult one. It is performed with a short swing and a half jerk. Of course the left is the natural side to throw past in all these cases, but it is good to practise with the right as a means of baulking an opponent by an unexpected throw. A good swinging side throw along the ground is often effective.

There are several fantastic methods of throwing recommended, such asface the goal and throw overhead from behind your back; or throw past your left side from behind. The latter throw is confusing to an adversary, but only an experienced hand can risk dropping the ball in the attempt to bring it round behind. Throwing between your legs is one elegant method, especially recommended if your enemy also happens to be standing in the same position.

Tipping the ball is often done when the player is too hard pressed to be able to take it up. It consists in just getting the ball on to the stick, and tipping it forward before it has time to roll off again. It may be described as a gentle evasion of the rules against hockey. Goal-keeper often "tips" the ball to one side as it comes towards him.

There is a way of throwing exactly analogous to throwing by hand. The crosse is raised and drawn back to the right. At the moment of throwing it is turned almost edgeways, but the rapid motion prevents the ball from falling. The arm is moved as in throwing by hand, but the left shoulder must be brought round. This is a quick, useful throw for short distances.

IMPLEMENTS.

The sole implements are a crosse, costing about 7s. 6d., a special ball, costing Is. 9d., and four goal posts about two inches in diameter, and standing six feet, exactly out of the ground.

A crosse, to be of any use, must be made of second-growth hicory, and the best makers are the half-breed Indians of Caughnawaugha. A hickory crosse will stand rough usage for two or three seasons; but one of ash or other unsuitable wood is very easily broken, and is dear at any price.

India-rubber soles are imperative, and in summer the lightest running costume is often worn, bare calves being frequently seen in winter even.

THE LAWS.

I. THE CROSSE.—Sec. 1.-The crosse may be of any length to suit the player, woven with raw hide or gut-not cord or soft leather. The netting must be flat when the ball is not on it. In its widest part the crosse shall not exceed one foot. A string must be brought through a hole at the side of the tip of the turn, to prevent the point of the stick catching on opponent's crosse. A leading string, resting upon the top of the stick, may be used, but must not be fastened, so as to form a pocket, lower down the stick than the end of the length-strings. The length-strings must be woven to within two inches of their termination, so that the ball cannot catch the meshes.

Sec. 2.-No kind of metal, either in wire or sheet, screws or nails, shall be allowed upon the crosse. Splices must be made with either string or gut.

2. THE BALL.-The ball must be india-rubber sponge, not less than eight inches, and not more than eight and a quarter inches in circumference. It must weigh not less than four and a quarter ounces, and not more than four and a half ounces. In matches it must be furnished by the home club.

3. THE GOALS.-The goals shall be placed not less than one hundred yards, and not more than 150 yards apart, unless otherwise arranged, and in any position agreeable to the captains of both sides. The posts must be six feet apart, and the tops thereof, including any ornament, must be six feet above the ground. In matches they must be furnished by the home team.

4. THE BOUNDARIES.--The boundaries of the field of play shall be agreed upon by the captains before the commencement of the match. Should the ball be thrown out of bounds, the referee shall call "stand," and the ball shall then be "faced" by the two nearest players, four yards within the bounds at the point where the ball went out.

5. THE UMPIRES.-Sec. 1.-There must be only one umpire at each goal, who shall be agreed to by both captains before the commencement of the match. They shall not be changed during the progress of a match without the consent of both captains. They shall not change goals during a match.

Sec. 2.-No umpire shall, directly or indirectly, be interested in any bet upon the result of the match. No person shall be allowed to speak to the umpires, or in any way distract their attention.

Sec. 3.-The umpire shall stand behind the posts. In the event of "goal" being claimed, he shall at once decide whether or not the ball has

fairly passed through the goal-space, his decision being simply "goal" or "no goal." His decision shall be final, without appeal, and he shall not be required to give a reason.

Sec. 4.-In the absence of a referee, the umpires shall assume his functions, as set down in Law VI., each over his own half of the field. One only shall act as timekeeper and starter, failing a referee, and this to be decided by tossing.

6. THE REFEREE.-Sec. 1.-The referee shall be selected by the officers of the competing teams at any time prior to the match. He shall be a disinterested person.

Sec. 2.-Before the match begins, he shall see that umpires have been properly chosen.

Sec. 3.-He shall draw the players up in lines, and see that the regulations respecting the crosses, ball, goals and spiked shoes, etc., etc., are adhered to. He shall ascertain the length of time the match shall last, directly from both captains, and he shall be sole timekeeper and starter. Sec. 4.-When a "foul" claimed by any player has been allowed- or in case of injury or accident, Law VIII., secs. 2 and 3-the referee shall immediately call "stand." If the ball enter goal, after "stand" has been called by the referee, it shall not count.

Sec. 5-The infliction of penalties (Law XII.) shall be in the province of the referee, without appeal, and any side rejecting his decision or refusing to continue the match shall be declared the losers.

Sec. 6.-The referee shall arbitrate in all disputes between the captains, and his decision shall be final.

Sec. 7.-At the commencement of each game, and after "stand" has been called, the referee shall see that the ball is properly "faced." 7. CAPTAINS. Sec. 1. A Captain to superintend the play shall be appointed by each side previously to the commencement of a match. They shall be members of the club by whom they are appointed. They may or may not be players in a match; if not, they shall not carry a crosse, nor appear in Lacrosse uniform. They shall be the mouthpiece of their respective teams in all disputes, in which they may be assisted by one player selected by them, and shall report any infringement of these laws during a match to the referee.

Sec. 2.-Captains shall arrange, previous to a match, the length of time it shall last, and shall toss for choice of goals.

8. THE TEAMS.—Sec. 1.—NUMBER. --Twelve players shall constitute a full team. They must be regular members of the club they represent. Should one side be deficient in numbers at the time fixed for starting the match, their opponents may either limit their own number to equalize the sides, or compel them to play with as many as they have. Sec. 2.-WILFUL INJURY.-Should a player be incapacitated from playing through wilful injury from an opponent during a match, his side shall be at liberty to replace such injured player by a fresh man, or compel the other side to take off a player to equalize the sides. No change of players may be made after a match has commenced, except in case of injury during the game.

Sec. 3.-ACCIDENTS.-Should an accident occur to any player, which, in the opinion of the referee, incapacitates him from playing, the other side must put off a man during his absence.

Sec. 4.-SPIKED SOLES.-No player may wear spiked soles under any circumstances. The soles must in every case be india-rubber, if boots or shoes are worn.

Sec. 5.-The players on each side shall be designated as follows:1, goal-keeper; 2, point; 3, coverpoint; 4, third man; 5, right defence; 6, left defence; 7, centre; 8, right attack; 9, left attack; 10, third home; II, second home; 12, first home.

9. THE GAME.-Sec. 1.—Each game shall be started by the centres facing at the centre mark, and when both sides are ready, the referee shall call “play.”

Sec. 2.-A match shall be decided by a majority of goals taken within a specified time, unless otherwise agreed upon. A goal shall be scored by the ball passing through the goal-space from the front, not being propelled with any part of the foot or leg.

Sec. 3-Should the ball be accidentally put through either goal-space by one of the players defending it, by whatsoever means, it shall be counted a goal to the opposite side. Should it be put through by anyone not actually a player, it shall not count.

Sec. 4.-In the event of a goal-post being knocked down during a match, and the ball put through what would be the goal if the post were standing, it shall count goal for the attacking side.

Sec. 5.-When goal has been claimed and allowed, the ball shall be again faced in mid-field; but when disallowed, it shall be faced where it is picked up. In no such case shall a ball be faced within ten yards of either goal-post.

Sec. 6.-Ends shall be changed at "half-time" (unless otherwise agreed upon), when either side may claim not more than ten minutes' rest, such rest not being counted as occupied in play.

Sec. 7.-The goal-keeper, while defending goal within the goal-crease, may put away with his hand or foot, or block the ball in any manner with his crosse or body.

Sec. 8.-Any player is "out of play" if he drops his crosse during a game, and may not touch the ball or impede an opponent in any way until he recovers his own crosse.

Sec. 9.—A match is ended by the referee calling “time.”

10. FOULS.---Sec. 1.-No attacking player may be within 6 feet of either goal-post, unless the ball shall have passed "cover point's" position on the field. Such position shall be marked 10 yards in front of the goal. A player thus trespassing shall be out of play, and no goal shall count, if taken, while he is out of play.

Sec. 2.-No player shall interfere in any way with another who is in pursuit of an opponent.

Sec. 3.-No player, except the goal-keeper (Law IX., sec. 7) may touch the ball with his hand, save when the ball lodges in a place inaccessible to the crosse, or about his clothing or person. The player picking it up must "face" with his nearest opponent, all other players standing in the positions they may then occupy.

Sec. 4.-Should the ball catch in the netting, the crosse must immediately be struck on the ground, and the ball dislodged.

Sec. 5.-Kicking the ball under any circumstances with the foot or leg is foul play (except in the case of the goal-keeper, Law IX., sec 7), but

this does not prevent a player stopping the progress of the ball with foot or leg.

Sec. 6.-No player shall grasp an opponent's cross with his hands, hold it with his arms or between his legs or under his feet, or kick it. II. ROUGH PLAY.-Sec. 1.-No player, with his crosse or otherwise, shall hold or trip another, nor push with the hand; nor shall any player deliberately charge or shoulder an opponent, nor wrestle with the legs entwined, so as to throw an opponent. This does not prevent the use of the "body check," provided the same be strictly as defined (Law XIII.), nor the pushing an opponent with the shoulder in ground scuffles.

Sec. 2.-No player shall deliberately strike another, or threaten to do so, under any circumstances, and anyone considering himself purposely injured during play must report, through his captain, to the referee. Sec. 3.-The check commonly known as the "square" or "crosse" check, which consists of one player charging into another with both hands on the crosse, so as to make the stick meet the body of an opponent, is strictly forbidden.

Sec. 4.-No player shall throw his crosse under any circumstances. 12. PENALTIES.-Sec. 1.-For breach of Law X., sections 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a "face" shall be given, at the place where the foul occurred, yet not ncarer either goal-post than 10 yards, unless the "foul" be made by the defending side.

Sec. 2.-Claiming "fouls" on trivial grounds, as when, in the opinion of the referee, no foul was intended, cannot be tolerated, and the referee shall first caution a player so offending, and, if persisted in, shall disqualify him for that particular game (not match). Should the captain (non-playing) so offend, the same penalty shall be inflicted upon him as though he were a player.

Sec. 3.-For rough play, (Law XI., sections 1, 2, 3 and 4), the penalty for first offence shall be disqualification for remainder of that particular game or match. See Law VI., sec. 5.

Sec. 4.-The referee shall be bound in all cases to inflict one or other of these penalties, but only when appealed to by the captain of the complaining side. 13. DEFINITION OF TERMS.-GOAL is the space contained between the two posts.

GOAL-CREASE shall be a ground-space six feet square in front of the goal-posts, having for one of its sides the line between the posts. If not marked, it shall be left to the umpire to decide.

FACE. The ball shall be placed upon the ground between the crosses of two opponents, and each of them shall have his left side towards the goal he is attacking. They shall not move till "play" has been called.

TRIPPING is the use of the legs, feet, or crosse, to throw an opponent. HOLDING shall mean clutching with the hand or arm, or detaining an opponent between the two arms and the crosse, or placing the crosse against his body so as to impede his movements.

BODY-CHECK is the placing one's body in the way of an approaching opponent, so that the latter is simply impeded. No checker shall use force in the body-check.