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or a common divisor: there is nothing left to agreeably to the rule of the constitution; that is arbitrary discretion. If the rule, in either of to say, there shall be chosen within the State these forms, be adopted, it can never be doubt of Maine, members, within the State of ful how every member of any proposed number New Hampshire, -members; within the for a House of Representatives ought to be assign- State of Massachusetts, ed. Nothing will be left in the discretion of the State of Rhode Island members; within Congress; the right of each State will be a in the State of Connecticut, members; withmathematical night, easily ascertained, about within the State of Vermont, which there can be neither doubt nor difficulty; within the State of New York, and, in the application of the rule, there will within the State of New Jersey,be no room for preference, partiality, or injus within the State of Pennsylvania,tice. In any case, in all time to come, it will within the State of Deleware, do all that human means can do, to allot to within the State of Maryland, every State in the Union its proper and just within the State of Virginia, proportion of representative power. And it is within the State of North Carolina, because of this, its capability of constant appli-bers; within the State of South Carolina, cation, as well as because of its impartiality and members; within the State of Georgia, justice, that the committee are earnest in re-members; within the State of Kentucky,commending its adoption to congress. If it members; within the State of Tennessee, shall be adopted, they believe it will remove a members; within the State of Ohio, cause of uneasiness and dissatisfaction, recur- bers; within the State of Louisiana, ring, or liable to recur, with every new census, bers; within the State of Indiana, and place the rights of the States, in this re-bers; within the State of Alabama, spect, on a fixed basis, of which none with bers; within the State of Missouri, reason can complain. It is true, that there may bers; the number of representatives hereby asbe some numbers assumed for the composition signed and apportioned to each and every State of the House of Representatives, to which, if respectively, being found to be that number the rule were applied, the result might give a which is nearest to the exact proportion of each member to the House more than was proposed. State in a House of But it will be always easy to correct this, by al- to the last constitutional enumeration of the members, according tering the proposed number by adding one to people of the United States, and the said numit, or taking one from it; so that this can be ber of representatives in any State not exceedconsidered no objection to the rule. ing one for every thirty thousand persons, according to said enumeration.

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FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FROM THE BUENOS AYRES BRITISHPA CKET.
FALKLAND ISLANDS.

The committee, in conclusion, cannot admit that it is sufficient reason for rejecting this mode of apportionment, that a different process has heretofore prevailed. The truth is, the errors and inequalities of that process were at first not obvious and startling. But they have gone on increasing; they are greatly aug. mented and accumulated every new census; These Islands seem still destined to occupy and it is of the very nature of the process it a prominent place in the affairs of nations, and self, that its unjust results must grow greater the dispute relative to them in the year 1770, and greater in proportion as the poplulation of between Great Britain and Spain, is now in a the country enlarges. What was objectionable manner revived, between the descendants of though tulerable yesterday, becomes intolera- these two nations. ble to morrow. A change, the committee are persuaded, must come, or the whole just balance and proportion of representative power among the States will be disturbed and broken up.

Considerable excitement was caused in Buenos Ayres, on Tuesday last, upon the arrival of the schooner Flor del Rio, from Montevideo, bringing an account of the proceedings of the United States sloop of war The committee therefore, recommend to Lexington, Capt Duncan, against the Colony strike out the whole bill, after the enacting clause, and insert the following amendment:

at the Falkland Islands. Several individuals from thence came in the schooner, and gave the following detail:

That, from and after the third day of March, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and That the Lexington. arrived on the 28th of thirty three, the House of Representatives shall December, below the Islands in Berkely con-ist of members; and, in order that the Sound, where she anchored under the French said representatives may be apportioned among flag, with a signal at the fore for a pilot, and the several States as near may be, according to having in tow a small shallop, built among the their respective numbers, they shall be chosen Islands, and which was going to Port Louis to in the following manner, that is to say, there obtain Buenos Ayres papers, in order to seal on shall be chosen within each State that number account of the colony- Capt. Duncan had told of representatives which is the nearest to its he master of the shallop, that the fishery on exact proportion of representation in a House the coast was open to all the world, and he of members as aforesaid, according to its would give him a sea letter to sail under the population, compared with the whole popula- American flag; upon which, those in the shallop tion of the United States, both being computed separated themselves from the colony. A gale

of wind detained the Lexington three days at provisions, it was nearly a fortnight after the her anchorage-she then made sail and an-arrival of the Lexington, before the schooner chored abreast of the colony: a Lieutenant and Dash was sent to take them away.

a number of men landed in a boat from the Mr. Vernet has given notice through the shallop. Captain Brisbane and Mr. Metcalf, public press of Buenos Ayres, that he shall (the latter had been left in charge of the publish a statement of all the circumstances colony,) were walking the beach unsuspicious connected with the case, to prove how scrupuof danger. The Lieutenant invited them in the lously he acted, and that nothing has been name of the Commander to go on board the done but what was perfectly justifiable on his Lexington, which they did-other boats had part. come on shore with marines, who took off The Government of Buenos Ayres is far from Most of forcibly all the men they could find. the natives of Buenos Ayres, escaped to the persuading itself, that that of the United States can approve conduct so opposed to the rights interior; the cannon was spiked, first arms of nations, and contrary to the good underbroken to pieces and thrown into the water: standing existing between both Republics. By powder set fire to, &c. All the persons who the last Message of the President of the United had thus been forcibly taken away, were put Stetes to Congress, it appears that he is about on shore, except Captain Brisbane and six to send a Minister to this Government, who Buenos Ayreans-the latter were placed in irons. The seal skins and some trifling articles which had been embargoed, awaiting the deThe Government trusts, that all will be cision of the Prize Court of Buenos Ayres, were taken from Mr. Vernet's store-house, and amicably arranged, and that the rights of the delivered to Captain Davison, of the Harriett, nation it is charged to defend, will be preserved, who had gone from Buenos Ayres in the sloop and worthily sustained.

will remove any difficulty or doubts that may

have arisen.

JUAN RAMON BALCARCE.
MANUEL JOSE GARCIA.

Circular to the different Provinces..

of war as pilot. This property was then shipped on board the American schooner Dash, Capt. Keating, which at the time was lying there. Capt. Duncan had told Davison to go into the store-house and take away any thing he thought was his property-he accordingly The delegate - Govornment of this Province took a few boat oars, a boat, keel, some loose has the honor to address His Ex. the Governor pieces of boat, three bags of shot, some pow of. . . . . ., to inform him that the political der, a little sheet lead, a whale boat and oars, and military Government of the Falkland Isl. and muskets. Neither the boat or muskets ands having embargoed three North American belonged to him. Davison posted on the door vessels, which had been sealing against orders of Mr. Vernet's dwelling-house, a proclamation of the Government, it proceeded immediately in writing, signed by Capt. Duncan, declaring to the investigation of the affair. The Consul the capture of the vessels to be piracy, &c. of that Republic forwarded to the Government announcin at the same time, freedom of his remonstrances: these were answered, but fishery. During the stay of the Lexington, the without concluding the inquiry, or a decisive Buenos Ayreans who had fled into the interior, sentence being pronounced: the Commander returned, and Captain Duncan gave their head of the U. S. corvette Lexington, which sailed man a document, stating that he was a peace from this port, with the avoved object to take able person, &c. Captains Duncan and Davi-off some men, who had been left on one of the son, it is stated, spread a variety of reports, in Island, s invaded on the 31st December last, order to alarm the settlers, such as, that they the port of La Soledad, went on shore with would never be safe from the resentment of the armed men, destroyed the artillery, burned the American whalers-that Mr. Vernet would not powder, disposed of the public and private again return to the Islands, that the Govern- property, and keeps under arrest, on board said ment of Buenos Ayres disapproved of the cap corvette, the director of the fisheries of the Coture of vessels, &c. &c. and Captain Duncan lony, and in irons six citizens of the Republic. offered a free passage to those who wished to leave the colony. The consequence was, that all the female residents, as well as Mr. Vernet's slaves and various individuals, went on board the Lexington.

We are informed that Mr. George W. Slocum has been suspended from his consular functions, in consequence of the interference attributed to him in the proceeding of the corvette Lexington in the Falkland Islands.-Gaceta Mercantil.

The families killed all the milch cows which Mr. Vernet had lent them, and most of the A communication from D. Santiago Vasquez, beef and hides were sold to the Lexington; which ship finally quitted the Falklands on the Minister of State of the Oriental Republic of 22d January, and arrived at Montevideo, with the Uruguay, dated Montevideo, 6th instant, Capt. Brisbane and the six Buenos Ayreans, states the arrival of the U. States ship Lexingprisoners. It is added, that, notwithstanding ton at Montevideo, with the colonists from the the anxiety expressed relative to the seven Falkland Islands, and that every thing has been Americans, who were left on Staten land by done to alleviate their misfortunes.

the schooner Superior, for the purpose of seal- The Lexington had sailed from Montevideo ing, and who were reported to be destitute of for Rio de Janiero.

WASHINGTON, MAY 7, 1832.

VOL. VI.......... .. ..

by duff green..$2.50 peR ANNUM................

EDITORIAL. ·

THE TARIFF.

.......No. 6.

the country, judging from all the indications which we see in that quarter. Mr. Ritchie himself, who certainly is much disposed to second the Executive view," as will be seen by an We publish, to-day, the report of the Secre extract from the last Richmond Enquirer, contary of the Treasury, with the accompanying siders twenty or twenty-five per cent. as the exbill, on the subject of the tariff. The docu-treme rate of duty, and even that to be accom ment was long since called for, and has been panied with a provision for a gradual reduction long expected, and will doubtless be read ex-of the duties down to the lowest revenue point. tensively. In this, we do not doubt, he speaks the lan

We have not time, at present, to give to the guage of the entire South. As to the probable public our reflections on the project proposed amount of revenue which the bill will give, it is by the Secretary, and must confine ourselves difficult to speak with certainty. We would to a few remarks on its leading features. The suppose, speaking conjecturally, that it cannot teader will see that, on many of the important fall short of sixteen or seventeen millions of dol. articles,specific duties are still retained, so that lars, the sum at which it is estimated under this it is difficult to say to what per cent. ad valo-project, and which, added to the public lands rem, they would amount. On a slight exami and bank dividends, would leave a permanent nation, however, we would suppose the aver revenue of from eighteen to twenty millions of age duties on all the heavy protected articles, dollars, and leaving a surplus, at least, of seven do not vary materially from the tariff of 1824. millions-a sum sufficiently large, we fear, to They, at least, considerably exceed those of divide, distract, and corrupt the whole country.

1816.

Mr. Ricthie says:

The minimum principle is yielded as to wool. lens, but retained as to certain descriptions of cotton goods. Cash duties are substituted for credit, a great and material change in our syspected, we understand, in a few days. We "The Executive report on the tariff is extem of imposts as established from the com- trust that it will strongly recommend the mencement of the Government, calculated to propriety of ultimately cutting down the tariff add very considerably to the nominal rate of to the necessary wants of the Government; reduties as fixed in the proposed project, we peal the tariff of '28; reduce the duties on the would suppose not less than six per cent. An- 1st July to 20 or 25 per cent. as a beginning, other new principle is the tax upon auctions, and then go on gradually and certainly reduc of one and a half per cent. which must also ing it lower and lower, until we get down to be added to the nominal duties. This feature the expenditure point; the elastic character of involves an important, principle, and to these our enterprising countrymen accommodating itwe may add another feature involving princi-self to this gradual but constant reduction. ples and consequences still more important. Upon these liberal principles the question may We mean the system of BOUNTIES to the be settled-otherwise, clouds and darkness shipping interest, inserted under a pretence of est upon it.' Rely on it, the northern manudrawback! These, with some change as to the facturers will rue their infatuation, if they do amount of valuation, constitute the peculiar not yield this much to the just interests of the features of the plan. The bill is to go into south. Suppose Congress to adjourn without operation on the third of March, 1833, and is doing some hing effectual.-South Carolina will permanent in its provisions, contemplating no nullify it almost en masse.-Not a man or musfurther reductions. ket from Virginia-not a man will dare to cross On reviewing its provisions, we conclude, on the Potomac. the whole, that the plan will not be unaccepta deeply excited-Virginia may insist on a conThe south and southwest are ble to the manufacturing interest. It makes vention--and what then? The tariff stocks to some reductions, it is true, on the protected the north will snap like pipe-stems. We sketch articles, but it also contains new provisions, these things with a rapid pencil, but we fear which cannot fail to be highly acceptable to that they may be the shadows of coming events interest, to which, if we add the almost entire-unless the patriotism of the President and exemption from duties of the unprotected, and the wisdom of Congress should save us from which acts as a bounty, to that extent, to the them. There breathes not a man in the world protected articles, the manufacturing interest who is more devoted to this Union than we are would be in a situation certainly not much less-we would cherish it in our hearts' core-we desirable than the present. We do not think would save if we can-we would guard it against that the project will be equally acceptable to every possibility of shipwreck-every chance the great opposing and tax-paying interest of of convulsion. What are Houston and Stan

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bery, even the Bank Report itself, to this great son ranks, take care how you touch a nominaWe must be permitted to "reward question? Leather and prunella.' Well, we have the Executixe report, and in- friends and punish enemies" by a judicious disstead of a reduction of the duties on the 1st of pensation of the loaves and fishes. This is the July, it proposes a postponement until the 3d court language, and it runs throughout the of March, 1833. Instead of coming to 20 or article, dished up by Amos & Co., review25 per cent. now, and gradually and certainly ing garbled extracts of the letter of the reducing it lower and lower, until we get down honorable Senator. He resisted the appointto the expenditure point, we have a permanent ment of Hays, of Tennessee, to be surveyor of system which, although it assumes from 20 to the public lands, and of Gwyn, from the Post 30 per cent. on woollens by abolishing credit, Office Department, to be register of a land of and imposing a duty on auctions, fixes even fice in Mississippi; and though "last not least," these duties at a much higher rate, while for he caused the rejection of the President's pet, other articles the duties range much higher Martin Van Buren, to be minister at the court still. To this is to be added the minimums and of St. James!! These are sins not to be forbounties, and, as an accompany ment, a pension given. We are gravely told that Hays was the bill which, instead of reducing the revenue to nephew of Mrs. Jackson; that she had been the "expenditure point," proposes to increase consigned to the tomb, and that he was the onthe expenditure on the revenue point, and yet, ly family connection for whom the "President Mr. Ritchie, (mark what we say,) who now sought to provide," ergo, as he could be sent says, that he is in favor of cutting down the tano where else with safety, Mr. Poindexter riff to the wants of the Government, will throw ought, as a real friend, to have received him up his cap and buzza for the men who pro- with open arms, without regard to his qualificapose to purchase the acquiescence of the south tions to superintend so important a branch of by a reduction of the duty on negro cloth. the public service, or to the honor and dignity The preWe repeat, that, although this bill proposes of the State which he represented. the most unequal and oppressive taxes, that, mises are too ridiculous for animadversion, and although it is in direct violation of the princi-the conclusions are inconsistent with the obli ples which he himself has laid down, yet, gations of public duty, and the fidelity of a Sewill Mr. Ritchie use all his influence to laud its nator to the State which he represents; but the to show the miserable advocates, and to denounce its opponents. But statement will serve we thank him for being thus explicit. We put subterfuges to which the President is compellhis wishes on record, and we will mark the re-ed to resort to justify or excuse his hostility creant traitor who, to use the eloquent language to a man having acknowledged claims onthat of Governor Miller, "with unequalled perfidy, gratitude and respect. recreant and traitorous, turned his fire upon bis own people, and, as far as he could, spread de. solation in his own camp."

FOR THE UNITED STATES TELEGRAPH.

Governor Poindexter's letter to his constituents. The Globe charges Governor Poindexter with deserting the administration of Gen. Jackson, and thereby violating the known will of his constituents, and his previous pledges to support it. Neither of these allegations can be sustained by evidence which would satisfy any unprejudiced mind; they are false in all their extent, mean. ing, and import.

The declaration that this was the only "family connection for whom the President sought to provide," is unfounded. In fact, General Coffee, of Alabama, and many others might be mentioned as "family connec tions for whom he has actually provided by the patronage of office. We advert to this merely to prove how totally regardless of verity are the pack of calumniators who speak in the name and by the authority of Gen. Jackson. But the Globe charges the Senator with insin cerity, because he permitted this "family connection" to be sent to Mississippi as register of a land office. Can the President permit this allegation to be put forth without feeling He has ever given, and will continue to give, some slight compunctions of conscience. He the same support to the measures of this admi- knows that this concession was made with the nistration which he would give to those of any best motives and kindest feelings towards himother administration, be the head of it his friend self personally, connected with a desire to proor his enemy. He claims only the humble pricure the nomination of a competent person to ilege of thinking for himself, and acting in-the office of Surveyor General, to which Hays, conformity with his own judgment, on every an incompetent person, had been nominated. proposition involving the general welfare ci Does it become an honorable man to refer to his country, and of resting his approval or dis-an act done at his own instance and request, approbation on the intelligent and enlightened with a view to conciliation and harmony, as an patriotism of his constituents, and on the in-evidence of duplicity on the part of him who trinsic merits of the measure itself, without re-made the concession! Surely it does not, and ference to the quarter in which it originated. all will agree that the Chief Magistrste of a But the President does not pretend to complain great and powerful nation ought to be an honoof him on this score; the whole ou cry is limit-rable man. It was hoped, and believed, at the time, ed to nominations—nominations—nominations!! Do as you please with all great questions of na- that after the sense of the Senate was made tional policy which agitate the people of the known to the President, on the impropriety of Union, but, if you mean to remain in the Jack-transferring citizens of one State to fill offices in

another State, he would forbear to abuse his call witnesses to testify against himself. We can, powers by making a renewed effort to crowd therefore, only rely on probabilities to support his favorites from Tennessee into Mississippi. our conclusions in this matter, leaving it to the This hope has been most signally disappointed, responsible agents of the government to inve sfor, of all the numerous agents appointed to tigate this transaction, which they alone superintend the emigration of the Choctaw possess the means of detecting. Indians west of the Mississippi, not one has Every fact put forth in the Globe, from which been taken from the citizens of that State; and a discrepancy in the course of Mr. P. is atwe are informed, that Gwyn, the rejected tempted to be shown, is prima facie false. The Register, is to be renominated, in compliance rights of the people of Mississippi are not surwith petitions signed by persons instigated by rendered, but expressly reserved in the recothe President himself in a letter addressed to a mendation; for it was the duty of the Secretary popular preacher of the Methodist Society to examine the list of applicants, and, if one Can these things be viewed with indifference had been found from that State, the privilege by any man who cherishes a proper respect for accorded to Mr. May was no longer of any va the honor of his country, or the dignified de- lue to bim. The official article also falsely states portment which should distinguish the first (by authority, of course) that a son of the late officer of the government? And yet the minions Senator Adams was not appointed a midshipman of power, who infest the palace and dictate to in consequence of a surrender of the rights of the President, apply the odious epithet of Mississippi. The name of this youth has not "apostate" to the honorable Senator, because been on the list of applicants for a midshiphe will not quietly submit to those outrages on man's warrant, as fully appears by the certifi the rights of the people, who have honored him care of the registering clerk; and yet this bare. with their confidence. The reference which faced falsehood is thrice repeated in the colthe Globe makes to the purloined recom-umns of the Globe. But we cannot hope to inmendation of a Midshipman, may well excite spire the conductors of that print with a respect surprise with those who are unacquainted with for truth, or the precepts of decorum. It has the unblushing effrontery of the Editor and his an object to effect which requires the use of associates. A bare recital of the facts, fixes a missiles not recognised in honorable warfare, stigma on that Department injurious to the and, to accomplish it, all the ramparts of mohigh character of the Secretary and derogatory rality and decency must be disregarded, and set to the great principle of official responsibility, at nought.

on which our free institutions are based. We So much of the article to which our attenput the case as we find it stated in the govern- tion has been drawn, as charges a coalition ment paper. 1st. Letters on file in the Navy between the Senator from Mississippi and Mr. Department, are handled and copied by some Calhoun to break down the administration of unknown person, and forwarde to a distant Gen. Jackson, is a tissue of unfounded and ridiparty newspaper, with comments; published culous allegations, having neither the sanction there for effect, and republished here as origi- of truth, or of common sense, which we shall nal matter, for the combined purpose of casting take occasion to demonstrate, hereafter, to the censure on the Senator from Mississippi, and entire satisfaction of the public. framing an excuse for the antecedent acts of Missouri Free Press, edited by John Steele. We have received the first number of the the President on the subjects of appointments in that State. 2d. The publication of these It supports the re-election of General Jackson, papers, induced the Senator to ask Mr. Wood- and carries under his head the name of R. M. bury whether these copies were furnished by Johnson, for Vice President. It is openly the his order, or with his knowledge? The answer advocate of "free trade and sailors' rights." o these inquiries explicitly denies all partitis, as far as we can judge, an ally of the cipation in the transaction of the Secretary, or Globe.

CONGRESIONAL

SATURDAY, APRIL 28.

any elerk in the Department!! We were struck with this singular developement, and our mind was instantly drawn to Amos Kendall, whose business it is to "wash the dirty linen of the Palace," as the individual who had comIn the Senate, yesterday Mr. SILSBEE asked mitted this outrage on the sanctity of the De-and obtained leave of absence for his colleague, partment. The Globe, as in duty bound, Mr. WEBSTER, for one week from Monday denies it, and cals for proofs. We, in next. The resolution of Mr. FRELINHUTSEN, turn, demand to be informed by those who respecting the purchase of Peale's portrait of have the custody of the records and papers of General Washington, was, after having been the Navy Department, by whom were these amended so as to direct an inquiry into the excopies taken? It must be amply in the power pediency of the measure, adopted. The joint of some of them to give the answer; and, until resolution of Mr. POINDEXTER, authorizing the it is done, inevitable disgrace rests on those President to employ a suitable artist to execute officers, whether we regard it as a dereliction a full length statue of General Washington, of duty, or an inexcusable negligence in the was, after a short debate, read the second time preservation of these records and papers. and referred. Mr. CLAY presented the petition The man who coinmits a fraud, or who ran-of sundry citizens of Nelson county, Kentucky, sacks the files of a bureau, is not so stupid as to praying that Congress, in the adjustment of the

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