dicted by a spirit of prophecy, and written by car of power, and enable i te Pr side to rule a an inspired penman, to the career of the party easily, and much more secure with, than without now in power. We now proceed to make sun the nominal check of the Senate. If the Presi dry extracts from the concludin.. portion of that dent was himself the officer of the people,+lectmasterly report: and we beg the reader to note ed by them, and responsible to them, there how exactly Mr. Benton has pictured forth w uld be less danger from this concentration of tho-e very evils, which, under the Jackson dy a power in his hands; but it is th business of nasty, came into being. It is really a matter s tesmen to look upon things as they are, and of astonishment that any mere mortal should not as they would wish them to ce. We must, possess the gift of soothsaying to a degree so hen, look forward to the time when the pub. accurate in result. lic revenue will be doubled; when the civil He states that, for the purpose of exhibiting and military officers of the Federal Government to the Senate "a full and perfect view of the will be quadrupled; when its influence over power and workings of federal patronage, the individuals will be multiplied to an indefinne committee addressed a note to each of the De-extent; when the nomination by the President partments, and to the Postmaster General, re-can carry any man тanoveя THE SENATE, and questing a statement of the whole number of his recommendation can carry any measure persons employed, and the whole amount of through the Houses of Congress; when the money paid out under the direction of their re-principle of public action will be open and spective Departments." The answers to these avowed, the President wants MI vote, and I inquiries were made a part of the report of the want uts patronage: I wil vore as he wishes, committee; and Mr Benton proceeds to draw and he will GIVE me the office I wish for. What these inferences: "that the power and influ- will this be but the government of one man? ence of the federal patronage are an overmatch And what is the government of one man bur a for the power and influence of STATE patron-monarchy? Names are nothing. The nature age; that its workings will contaminate the pu- of a thing is in its substance, and the name rity of all elections, and enable the Federal Go. vernment, eventually, to govern throughout the States as effectually as if they were so many provinces of one vast empire." These forebodings are now literally realized!

soon accommodates itself to the substance. The first Roman Emperor was styled Emperor of the Republic, and the last French Emperor took the same tile; and their respective countries were just as essential y monarchical efore, as after the assumption of these titles. it cannot be denied or dissembled, but that this Federal Government gravitates to the same point."

To the powerful language which follows, we invoke the most earnest attention of every lover of his country, and every despiser of hypocrisy and deception. Mr. Benton wished himself to be understood as describing abuses which had Reader! we ask you to peruse the foregoexistence elsewhere than in his own ardent inia-ing, again and again; consider its source, and gination. Unconsciously, perhaps, he was deal nark the almost miraculous adaptation of the ing in the future-not the past, nor the then entire passage to that state of things which we present; he was uttering prognos ications are now beh Iding, and suffering, under the which he was shortly to see fulfilled, and by ignominious misrule of a band of irresponsible his own aid-not recording historical facts of despots, acting in the name of Andrew Jackwhich his countrymen, thitherto, had acquired son! But, with what amazement will the reaby any sort of experience. "The whole of this der regard the paragraph which, in the report, great power," he exclaims, in the fervor of his immediately follows the above quotation! In inspiration, "WILL CENTRE IN THE PRESI-he annexed extract, how faithfully has Mr. DENT!" and he proceeds to enforce his pre-Thomas H. Benton foretold the precise events diction, by the following strong and irresistible which have occurred at the Federal Capital reasoning: within a very few week! He had previously, "The King of England is the 'centre of ho on another occasion, warned his constituents of nor the President of the United States is the the sanguinary consequences to be dreaded source of patronage. He presides over the en-from the elevation of Gen. Jackson to power; tire system of federal appointments, jobs, and and that warning, uttered solemnly and delicontracts. He has 'power' over the 'support' berately, has since proved to have been the of the individuals who administer the system. voice of TRUTH, Now listen to his still more He makes and unmakes them. He chooses formal admonitions, addressed to his colleagues from the circle of his friends and supporters, of the Senate:

and may dismiss them, and, upon all the prin- "Those who make the President must supciples of human action, will dismiss them, as port him. Their political fate becomes idenoften as they disappoint his expectations. His tified, and they must stand or fall together. spirit will animate their actions in all the elec-Right or wrong, they must support him; and if tions to State and Federal offices. There may he be made contrary to the will of the people, he be exceptions, but the truth of a general rule must be supported, not only by TOTES and is proved by the exception. The intended SPEECHES, but BY ARMS. A violent and forced check and control of the Senate, without new con state of things will ensue. Individual combats stitutional or stationary provisions, will cease to will take place; and the combats of individuals operate. Patronage will penetrate this body, will be the forerunner to general engagements. subdue its capacity of resistance, chain it to the The array of man against man, will be the pre

the armed force, and the appointing power, are in the hands of the President, and the Presi

lude to the array of army ga st army, and o State against Stave. Such is the law of nature and it is equally in vain for one set of men tdenth imself is not in the hands of the people: claim an exemption from its operation, asi would be for any other set to suppose that, un der the same circumstances, they would not ac in the same manner."

The remedy which Mr. Benton proposed to apply-or rather the preventive against the occurrence of these appaling evils, was the election of President directly by the people.

The President may, and in the current of human affairs, WILL BE AGAINST THE PEOPLE; and, in his hands, the arbiters of human fate must be against them also. The safety of the people is the "supreme law;" and to ensure that safety, these arbiters of human fate must change position, and take post on the side of the people." "RAISING THE WIND.”

The report then proceeds to urge another amendment of the Constitution, "intended to We learn that Doctor Davis, who was particuexclude Senators and Representatives from ap-1arly noticed in Monday's Telegraph, has been pointments to civil offices, under the authority negotiating Post Office drafts, received for servof the Federal Government!" Does not the ices NOT performed, if the editor of the Edgemere mention of this proposition, at the present field Carolinian is correctly informed. These time, call into the cheek of every Jackso nman, Post Office drafts were refused by at least one not utterly callous to all feelings of shame, a banker, who happened to know something blush of conscious degradation? Is not the about the doctor; one or more were negotiated party detected in its atrocious dissimulations; at one of the banks in this city. The bullying and will not the people, judging of the insin- doctor is supported by the Post Office Depart cerity of such professions by the wholesale in- ment, in common with many other persons of consistency of their acts, pass sentence of con- his description; one of his agents was trying to demnation upon the pretenders? But for the sell Post Office, drafts last Friday. Really, Mr. present, we close, with the concluding portion Grandy, it would seem that the strongest obof this pithy and pregnant document. It is not jection to the abolition of postage on newspain the power of any member of the opposition, pers, is that the department has become a reso truly to pourtray what has been, and is, since ceptacle for such political tracts as cannot be the ascendency of the Jackson party, as was otherwise provided for. done six years ago, by Mr. Thomas H. Benton, in advance.

In our article published in our daily paper of "The committee must then take things as Wednesday commenting on Mr. McLane's they are. Not being able to lay the axe at the scheme, we stated the amount of the accrued root of the tree, they must go to pruning among duties for the year ending on the 31st day of the limbs and branches. Not being able to December, 1831, at $33,319,000. That amount reform the Constitution in the election of Presi- was taken from the annual report of the Secredent, they must go to work upon his powers, tary of the Treasury, made at the commenceand trim down these by statuary enactments, ment of the session. It now appears, by anowherever it can be done by law, and with a just ther report from the Secretary, covering a stateregard to the proper efficiency of the Government from the register, that the duty actually ment. For this purpose, they have reported accrued was $36,857,162!!-the difference bethe six bills which have been enumerated. They tween the two consisting in an error in an estido not pretend to have exhausted the subject, mate of the Secretary, as we suppose, in the dubut only to have seized a few of its prominent ties accrued in the last quarter of the year endpoints. They have only touched, in four places, [ing on 31st December, 1831. This error, like the vast and pervading system of Federal Exe- all those committed by the Treasury Departcutive patronage: the press, the Post Office, the ment, acts in the same direction, and, in effect, armed force, and the appointing power. They is calculated to make the impression-which it are few, compared to the whole number of is certainly the desire of the Secretary to make points which the system presents, but they are that his scheme would reduce the imposts to vital to the liberties of the country. The press the revenue point. It will become necessary to is put foremost, because it is the moving power make our calculations of yesterday correspond of human action: the Post Office is the handmaid to the amount of the revenue now ascertained of the press; the armed force its executor; and to have actually accrued in the year 1831; and, as the appointing power the directress of the there were several typographical errors in our whole. If the appointing power was itself an article of Wednesday, in consequence of the enemauation of the popular will-if the Presi-gagements of the editor preventing him from dent was himself the officer and the organ of correcting the proof, we have again inserted it the people, there would be less danger in leaving in this impression, corrected and adjusted to to his will, the sole direction of all these arbi-the actual amount of the accrued duty of the ters of human fate. But things must be taken year 1831.

as they are; statesmen must act for the country We also publish the letter of the register of they live in, and not for the Island of Utopia; the Treasury, accompanying the report of the they must act upon the state of facts in that Secretary of the Treasury. It will be seen, country, and not upon the visions of fancy. In among other things, that the nett revenue from the country for which the committee act, the the duties accrued in 1831, is upwards of thirty press, with some exceptions, the Post Office, millions and a half of dollars! and, also, that a

portion of the resolution of the Senate could those before stated, would diminish his reducnot be complied with, because the statement of tion to $4,799,516. But it is estimated that the the revenue is made up for the calendar, and effect of cash payments, in raising the price of not for the fiscal year. This last fact would in- goods, and the bounty to ships and steamdicate that the Secretary had studiously selected boats, as proposed by the Secretary, are equal the fiscal year instead of the calendar, and that to a duty of $1,770,000, which sum should also with no small trouble!! Quere? Can any other be deducted from his estimated reductions; reason be assigned than that, because, in con- which, taken from $4,799,516, being the sum sequence of the tariff of 1828, the fiscal year of of reductions stated above, would bring down 1830 was the year of the greatest commercial the reductions to be effected by the Secretary's depression; and, as such, was better calculatad scheme, to $3,027,516!! which appears from the to make the impression that this scheme had re-data given by the Secretary himself!! So ally reduced the revenue to the wants of the go- much for errors. vernment?-which of itself, taking his own cal- There are other circumstances which ought culation of the sum required for the service of to be taken into consideration. The object of the government, and making no allowance for the Secretary appears to be not only to swell ther errors, will give a surplus revenue to the the amount of the reduction of duties, under amount of $5,605,000. his scheme, but also to present as small an income from duties as possible. With this view We published some time ago, a tabular state- he has selected for his estimate the year at ment correcting the errors of the Secretary's which our commerce was the most depressed calculation, and yesterday another, in reply to by the tariff of 1828. He takes the accrued an article in the Globe, in defence of the scheme duty of the year ending the 30th September, in which the correctness of the former state-1830, which amounted only to $26,320,000; but ment is maintained, and a new error of more if he had taken the year ending on the 31st Dethan one million of dollars, in the Secretary's cember, 1830, which would seem much more calculation is pointed out. natural, the accrued duties would have been

It is our purpose now to give a summary and $28,382,000-rather more than two millions condensed view of the whole. more than the year which he selected!! and The Secretary estimated his reduction of the which would have increased the calculation of present duties at $10,976,007, (nearly eleven the income of the duties proportionally. Had millions of dollars.) It is shown by the state- he even taken the preceding year, ending the ments which we have published, and it is now 31st of December, 1829, the accrued duties in fact conceded, that from this sum there ought would have been $ 27,542,000; more than one to be deducted 4,665,491, on account of du- million over the year which he selected. ties repealed by the act of May, 1830, re- But to present it in a more striking point of ducing the reduction of the Secretary to view--had he selected the subsequent year, 6,310,000. ending on the 31st December, 1831, the accrued Again: the $10,976,007, which the Secretary duties would have been $36,851,162, exceedestimates will be reduced by his scheme, as ap-ing the year he selected 10,531,000 dolpears by a tabular statement submitted by him lars, notwithstanding the act of May, 1830, had to the Senate, are reductions on the duties which reduced the amount of duties accrued, in that accrued during the fiscal year ending on the year, at least three millions of dollars, which, 30th September, 1830-that is, he has estimat- added to $10,531,000, would give an excess ed on the amount of the bonds taken for duties, of duties accrued in that year, of 13,531,000 and not on the actual receipts into the treasury. dollars over that selected by the Secretary. But it is well known, that the duties received But the Secretary, or the Globe for him, are much less than the bonds,as goods upon re-bjects to the year 1831, on the ground that exportation, are entitled to drawback-that is, it was a year of reaction, and that the in to have the duties refunded. To ascertain the ports would accordingly exceed that of averamount of duties to be received, the drawbacks age years; but it is surprising that it had must be deducted from the duties accrued. not occurred to him, that the preceding years Having premised this statement, it must be must of necessity have been years of depres apparent, that a greater amount of drawbacks sion, and, of course, would be as much bewill have to be deducted on any quantity of low the average. It seems not less surprising, goods reshipped, when the duties are high, than that he, who objects to the year 1831, as above when they are low. As for instance, taking the the average, should with such curious felicity present duties to average 45 per centum, and have selected the very year, at which the dethose proposed by the Secretary at 264, the pression was the greatest; and that it had not difference in the drawback on the reshipments occurred to him, that an average of the years of the goods bonded in 1830, under the '29, 30, and '31, would have approached far reduced duties, would stand in the same nearer to the truth than the year selected by proportion as 45 to 26, which would him. Had he taken the average and had allowgive 2,260,000 dollars as the drawbacks, ed for the reduction by the act of May, 1830, being 1,521,000 dollars less at the rates of he would have found the average duties accruduty proposed by the Secretary, than at the ed during the three years to have been uprates as they are now, for which the scheme wards of $31,200,000, exceeding the year se makes no allowance. This correction, with lected by more than $,5,605,000.

We do not intend to assert, that these errors 1st January, 1829; on cocoa, per act 20th May, and miscalculations, gross as they are, were de- 1830, on the 1st January, 1831; consequently signed; but whether intentional or not, they are no portion of the duty under the repealed acts calculated to shake the confidence of the coun- could be payable in 1832. The duty payable try in the official statements of the Treasury in 1832, on salt imported in 1831," which has Department, and in that view to do much mis- been repealed by the act of 29th May, 1830;" chief. Nothing can be of more importance which act made no provision for refunding the than that all official papers should be drawn duty on the quantity in the public stores on the with extreme care, so as to present the most 1st January, 1832, estimated at $136,562 50 accurate results-neither exaggerating or dimi- Relative to the amount which will probanishing in any respect for party, or any other bly be received in 1832," on account of the purpose. When such is the case, they present duties on coffee and tea, which have been rea certain basis of legislation; but when we find pealed by the acts of 1830, "an estima e cansuch gross errors as this scheme contains, er- not be formed without special returns froin the rors so great that the estimate of the revenue, Collectors of the Customs. They will be reunder false estimates, falls short at least one- quired, although it will take some time to obthird of the entire amount estimated, confi- tain them, should it be deemed necessary. dence must necessarily be destroyed. Permit me to observe, that it was found imThere is one circumstance which requires ex- practicable to furnish, within the probable explanation on the part of the Secretary. He was pected time, the information required by the called upon to give a comparative statement, resolution, for the year ending on the 30th not only of his own scheme, but also of the pro- September, 1831. It is exhibited for the year ject reported by the Committee on Manufac-ending on the 31st December, 1831, the calentures of the Senate. His statement is very dif- dar year, being the period for which the reveferent in regard to the two. In his own, he nue accounts have been annually prepared makes no allowance, as has been shown, for the from corresponding entries, made in this office reduction under the act of May, 1830. He esti mates on the accrued duties, instead of those that are received, and takes the year ending on the 1st of September, 1830. On the contrary, in giving a statement on the project of the Committee on Manufactures, he takes into estimate the reduction by the act of May, 1830, he calcu-] lates on the duties received, instead of those accrued, and takes the year ending the 31st December, instead of the year ending on the 30th September, 1830. Why this difference? In illustration of what we now say, we call the attention of the reader to the article from the Intelligencer, and the reply given in the Globe of the 24th inst., which is appended to this article.

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Register's Office, May 24, 1832. SEI: In compliance with your reference to this office, of the resolution of the Senate of the 10th instant, I have the honor to state that the gross revenue which accrued from imports and tonnage, in the year ending on the 31st Decem ber, 1831, amounted to $36,851,162 68

on the collectors accounts adjusted at the Trea-
sury. I have also to remark, that the sums
above stated as the gross and nett revenue
which accrued in 1831, may be, to a small
amount, varied by the final adjustment of ac-
counts now in the course of settlement.
I have the honor to be, Sir,

Your obedient servant,

T. L. SMITH, Register. Hon. Louis MCLANE, Sec'y Treasury.

.

FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. The difference between Mr. McLANE'S calculations, as to the effect upon the revevue, by importing goods free of duty under the Senate's bill reported by Mr. DICKERSON, and his own bill reported to the House.

It will be remembered that early in the present session of Congress, Mr. Clay brought into to reduce the revenue for the future by repealthe Senate a resolution, declaring it expedient ing the laws imposing duties on imported merchandise, which did not come in competition with the products of this country. After a long debate, and a modification of the resolution, it went to the Committee on Manufactures, and they reported a bill in accordance with the principle embraced in it, proposing to admit the kinds of goods hereafter named, free of duty. The Senate then passed a resolution, directing the Secretary of the Treasury to report to that body how much the revenue would be reduced by that bill, if it became a law. In compliance made a report, which is published, and numwith that direction, he, on the 18th of April, bered 125 among the documents of the Senate. This report, it appears on the face of it, was The gross revenue which accrued in 1830, to take the place of one made earlier, in which

That the nett amount, after deducting the expenses of collection

$1,177,164 90

and drawbacks,
bounties, &c. 5,222,624 67

30,451,373 11 No returns have been made from which an estimate can be formed of the gross revenue which will accrue in 1832.

was

And the nett revenue

28,524,622 61 some errors had been discovered, and therefore 22,697,679 46 stands before the public, as a labor cautiously The reduction of duty on wine, under the performed. It represents the entire reduction act of the 24th May, 1828, commenced on the which would be made by the Senate's bill to be

$2,168,239; but the footing is erroneous, and Prunes and Plums
the true amount is $1,668,010. The advocates Figs
of the resolution and the friends of the bill, had Raisins
been led to believe from the information in their Ginger
possession, that the reduction would be much Cayenne pepper
greater.

Mace

Subsequent to these transactions, the Secre- Nutmegs tary reported a bill, in compliance with a reso- Cinnamon lution of the House of Representatives, in which Cloves he, affecting to be mediator, proposes a new Pimento modification of the tariff, and a large reduction Cassia of the revenue. This bill was followed by a tBlack pepper paper from the same source, called "a compa-Camphor rative statement, showing the amount and rates Indigo of duties under the present tariff and that proposed Linseed Oil by the Secretary of the Treasury, calculated upon Corks the importations of the year ending the 30th of Brass in plates September, 1830." Tin in

do

The statement reported to the Senate was al- Opium so made upon the importations for the the same. Flax

10,392

52,649

4,954

4,429

2,945

3,467

3,417

51,837

4,108

4,367

Quills prepared
Side arms, &c.

§Dye stuffs, drugs, &c. 100,000

1,668,010 6,657,601 Comparative statement made by Mr.

McLane for his own bill, to show its effect on the revenue Statement in answer to the Senate's resolution, by Mr. McLane, to show the effect of their bill upon the revenue

$6,657,601

The basis of the two papers appears to be the Cocoa same; the object in both cases is to ascertain Crude Salt petre how much the revenue would be reduced by Bristles importing certain articles free of duty. These Quicksilver articles are named both in the report and in the comparative statement, and nothing more was necessary than to ascertain the amount of du ties for the year to which the Secretary limited his inquiry. This would seem to be an easy matter, as the evidence of the amount of duties must be matter of record. There ought, therefore, to be no variation in the two statements touching the same articles for the same period of time. But singular and unaccountable as it may seem, there is scarcely an item in the two documents which correspond. They run so wide of each other, that while one shows, a reduction of the revenue of only $1,668,010, the other shows a reduction of $6,657,601 on the same articles of merchandise, though in both cases to be imported free hereafter. That the reader may judge for himself, the two statements, both made by the Secretary in his official capacity, and the one laid before the Senate and the other before the House, are placed side *A duty of half a cent a pound is proposed by side in figures, as copied from the two do- to be retained on coffee by Mr. Secretary; the cuments. On which of these two papers, lead- Senate bill admits it free; consequently, the ing to results differing so materially, are we to whole duty should have been set down in the rely? This is a matter of great and interesting report upon their resolution. To place this moment; and the Secretary, who posseses every matter as it should be, I have made an allowmeans of correct information, proves that a bill ance for the half cent duty.

Difference in the two statements,
both founded on the imports of
1830, and relating to the same ar-
ticles hereafter to be imported
free of duty

1,668,010

$4,989,591 X.

of the Senate, which proposes to let the articles In his statement in answer to the resolution named into the country free of duty, will dimi- of the Senate, the Secretary states in a specific nish the revenue only $1,668,010, while a bill manner the duties on this article for several framed by himself, proposing the same thing, years; but in his final calculation of the amount will diminish the revenue $6,657,601? What of reduction, omits it, because he says the drawexplanation can be given of this matter? The back in 1830 more than equalled the import. reader can compare each item, and solve the difficulty if he can.

The exact amount, of this article is not put down in the comparative statement, but it is said to be 25 per cent. of the sum set against

Side and Fire Arms," which is only $10,929.

These articles are not enumerated In the answer to the resolution, nor is there an estimate under precisely the same denomination in the comparative statement. It is not easy to tell, therefore, what they are intended to be estimated at in the last document. They are, consequently, set at the same sum here.