and no assignment of any other sum to become due to the assignor shall be valid as against any creditor of the assignor who has not had actual notice of the said assignment at the time the same shall be made, unless the same be recorded with the recorder of the county wherein such wages are to be earned or such sums are to become due, within five days from date thereof.

SEC. 2. No assignment of wages not already earned at the time of such assignment and no assignment of any sum to become due the assignor after the date of such assignment shall be valid, unless, if the assignor be a married man or woman and residing with a wife or husband, such wife or husband shall join in and shall sign such assignment.

SEC. 3. When any person or persons, association or corporation shall hereafter have been served with garnishee summons in any action, and shall have answered such garnishee summons, and when such answer shall have been traversed, and a trial of the issues thereof shall be had, and such garnishee as aforesaid, shall set forth in its answer, or by way of evidence any assignment of wages, or other sums to be earned or to become due after the date of such assignment, such assignment shall be held invalid and of no effect, as against the party in whose favor such process was issued, unless the garnishee shall show in addition that actual notice of such assignment was served upon the party in whose favor such garnishee process was issued at the date thereof, or that a copy of such assignment was duly recorded, as provided by section 1 of this act.

SEC. 4. The several county clerks and recorders in their respective counties shall receive the sum of fifty cents (.50) for recording each of such assignments.

CHAPTER 241.-Assignment of wages-Wage brokers.

SECTION 1. From and after the passage of this act no person, company, corporation, or association, shall establish or conduct the business of wage broker within the State of Colorado, unless such person, company, corporation or association shall have first procured a license from the proper authorities as hereinafter provided, and shall have executed a bond in such sum as said authorities may require for the faithful carrying out of the provisions of this act, and of the ordinances of any town or city in which such business may be carried on.

SEC. 2. The board of county commissioners of any county in this State, or, in case said business be carried on in any incorporated city or town, the city council or board of trustees of said city or town, may in their discretion from time to time grant licenses to any person or persons, company, corporation, or association to conduct or carry on the business of wage broker upon payment of such sum therefor and upon such terms and conditions as the said board of county commissioners or city council or board of trustees shall by resolution or ordinance require.

SEC. 3. Any person, company, corporation or association loaning money directly or indirectly to any employee or wage-earner upon the security of or in consideration of any assignment of the wages or salary of such employee or wage-earner, shall be defined and held to be a wage broker and subject to the provisions of this act. SEC. 4. No assignment of his or her wages or salary by any employee or wage-earner to any wage broker or any other person for his benefit shall be valid or enforceable, nor shall any employer or debtor recognize or honor such assignment for any purpose whatever, unless it be for a fixed and definite part of the wages or salary earned or to be earned during a period not exceeding thirty days immediately following the date of the assignment. Any assignment which shall be postdated or dated on any other date than that of its actual execution shall be void and of no effect for any purpose whatever.

SEC. 5. No wage broker shall ask, demand or receive, either as compensation or interest, or in any other manner directly or in

directly, any compensation or interest for the use of money advanced or loaned by him to any employee or wage-earner in excess of two per cent per month, and said compensation or rate of interest shall be computed upon the amount actually advanced to and received by the borrower and shall include all commissions or compensation whatsoever to the wage broker or any other person for making or procuring said loan.

SEC. 6. No assignment of his wages or salary by a married man, who shall be the head of a family residing in this State, shall be valid or enforceable without the consent of his wife, evidenced by her signature to said assignment executed and acknowledged before a notary public or other officer empowered to take acknowledgements [acknowledgments] of conveyances, and no wage broker or person connected with him directly or indirectly shall be authorized to take any such acknowledgment.

SEC. 7. No wage broker shall make any loan to any minor, nor shall any assignment of wages or salary by any minor be valid and enforceable. Nothing in this act shall be construed as applying to brokers already doing business in cities of more than 25,000 inhabitants.

SEC. 8. No assignment of wages or salary shall be valid or enforceable unless notice in writing of the same accompanied by a copy of the assignment, shall be given to the employer or debtor within ten days from the date of its execution.

SEC. 9. Every purchase of a wage broker of an assignment of the wages or salary of any employee or wage-earner shall be held and considered to be a loan, in the sum and of the amount, actually paid to and received by such employee or wage-earner and shall be subject to all the provisions of this act.

SEC. 10. Any person, company, corporation or association, or the officers, members, agents or employees thereof, violating any or either of the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor; and, upon conviction, shall be liable to a fine in the sum of not less than ten dollars ($10) nor more than one hundred dollars ($100) for each offense, or to imprisonment in the county jail for a period not to exceed ninety days, or both.

SEC. 11. Any note, bill or other evidence of indebtedness and any assignment of wages or salary given to or received by any wage broker or any other person in violation of any of the provisions of this act shall be null and void and of no effect; and, upon conviction, any and all moneys advanced or loaned by said wage broker in violation of any of the provisions of this act and all interest thereon shall be forfeited.

CONNECTICUT.

GENERAL STATUTES-1902.

Wages preferred-In insolvency.

SECTION 271. All debts due to any laborer or mechanic for per- Wages to be sonal wages, from any insolvent debtor whose estate is in settle- paid first. ment, for any labor performed for him within three months next preceding the commencement of proceedings in insolvency, shall be allowed by the commissioners on his estate, and paid in full by the trustee, to the amount of one hundred dollars, before the general liabilities of such debtor are paid.

Attachment of wages-Costs.

mand for debt.

SECTION 774. In any action in which wages only are attached, No costs withno costs shall be taxed in favor of the plaintiff, unless it shall ap- out prior depear to the court or justice of the peace before which or whom such action is brought, that demand was made upon the defendant for the payment of the claim sued for, not more than thirty days nor less than three days prior to the bringing of such action.

Acrobatic

SEC. 777. In any action in which, upon the service of process, moneys due to the defendant by reason of personal services are attached, the plaintiff shall not recover of the defendant, as costs, a sum exceeding one-half of the amount of damages recovered in the action.

Wages preferred-In receiverships.

SECTION 1051. Every debt due to any laborer or mechanic for personal wages, from any corporation or partnership for which a receiver shall be appointed, for any labor performed for such corporation or partnership within three months next preceding the service of the application for the appointment of a receiver, shall be paid in full by the receiver, to the amount of one hundred dollars, before the general liabilities of such corporation or partnership are paid.

Actions for personal injury.

SECTION 1119 (as amended by chapter 149, Acts of 1903). No action to recover damages for injury to the person, or for an injury to personal property caused by negligence, shall be brought but within one year from the date of the injury or neglect complained of.

SEC. 1130. No action to recover damages for an injury to, or for the death of, any person, or for an injury to personal property, caused by negligence, shall be maintained against any electric, cable, or street railway company, or against any steam railroad company, unless written notice containing a general description of the injury and of the time, place, and cause of its occurrence, as nearly as the same can be ascertained, shall have been given to the defendant within four months after the neglect complained of, unless the action itself is commenced within said period of four months. Such notice may be given to the secretary, or to any agent or executive officer of the company in fault.

Intoxication, etc., of employees on railroads.

SECTION 1144 (as amended by chapter 267, Acts of 1907). Every servant of any railroad or electric railway company who shall, in consequence of his intoxication, or of any gross or willful misconduct or negligence, cause any loss of life, or the breaking of a limb, shall be imprisoned not more than ten years.

Employment of children—Certain employments forbidden.

SECTION 1163. Every person who shall exhibit, use, employ, apand immoral prentice, give away, let out, or otherwise dispose of any child

occupations.

Abandonment, etc.

under the age of twelve years, in or for the vocation, occupation, service, or purpose of rope or wire walking, dancing, skating, bicycling, or peddling, or as a gymnast, contortionist, rider, or acrobat, in any place whatever; or for or in any obscene, indecent, or immoral purpose, exhibition, or practice, whatsoever; or for or in any business, exhibition, or vocation, injurious to the health, or dangerous to the life or limb of such child; or who shall cause, procure, or encourage any such child to engage therein, shall be fined not more than two hundred and fifty dollars, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. But nothing herein shall prevent the employment of any such child as a singer or musician, in any church or school, or in learning or teaching the science or practice of music.

Abandonment, etc., of locomotives or cars.

SECTION 1293. Every person who shall unlawfully, maliciously, and in violation of his duty or contract, unnecessarily stop, delay, or abandon any locomotive, car, or train of cars, or street railway car, or shall maliciously injure, hinder, or obstruct the use of any locomotive, car, railroad, or street railway car, or street railway,

shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than six months.

Intimidation of employees, etc.-Blacklisting.

SECTION 1296. Every person who shall threaten, or use any means to intimidate any person to compel such person, against his will, to do or abstain from doing any act which such person has a legal right to do, or shall persistently follow such person in a disorderly manner, or injure, or threaten to injure, his property, with intent to intimidate him, shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars, or imprisoned not more than six months.

A conspiracy to intimidate the publishers of a newspaper and compel the discharge of certain employees is within the prohibition of this section. The maintenance of a boycott against the paper and its patrons is, prima facie, a malicious and corrupt effort to commit injury. It is also a crime to seek to injure other workmen by depriving them of their employment.

55 Conn. 46.

To threaten and use means to intimidate a company against its will to abstain from keeping in its employ workmen of its own choice is within the prohibition of this section. 55 Conn. 70, 71.

Actual intimidation need not be proved, but only that such acts were done or threats made as would affect the act or choice of the ordinary man. 69 Atl. Rep. 1059.

Intimidation.

Preventing

SEC. 1297. Every person, and every agent or officer of any corporation who shall coerce or compel, or attempt to coerce or com-employee from pel, any laborer, mechanic, or other employee in the employ of joining union. such person or corporation, to agree, that as a condition of retain ing his position as such employee, he will not join any labor or ganization, shall be fined not more than two hundred dollars, or be imprisoned not more than six months, or both.

SEC. 1298. Every employer who shall blacklist an employee with intent to prevent such employee from procuring other employment shall be fined not more than two hundred dollars.

Sunday labor.

Blacklisting.

Trade, man

SECTION 1369. Every person who shall do any secular business or labor, except works of necessity or mercy, or keep open any shop, ufacture, etc. warehouse, or any manufacturing or mechanical establishment, or expose any property for sale, or engage in any sport between twelve o'clock Saturday night and twelve o'clock Sunday night, shall be fined not more than fifty dollars.

Protection of employees as voters.

SECTION 1700. Every person who shall, at or within sixty days Coercion, prior to any electors', town, city, borough, or school meeting, at- etc., by employers. tempt to influence the vote of any operative in his employ by threats of withholding employment from him, or by promises of employment, or who shall dismiss any operative from his employment on account of any vote he may have given at any such meeting, shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars, nor more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not less than six months, nor more than twelve months, or both.

Height of bridges over railroads.

Eighteen feet

SECTION 2018. The bottom timbers of all bridges constructed over any railroad track after July ninth, 1869, shall not be less required. than eighteen feet above the rails, unless the railroad commissioners require a less height and prescribe the same in writing.

Employment of children-School attendance.

SECTION 2116. All parents and those who have the care of children shall bring them up in some lawful and honest employment, and instruct them or cause them to be instructed in reading, writing, spelling, English grammar, geography, arithmetic, and

School attendance.

United States history. Every parent or other person having control of a child over seven and under sixteen years of age shall cause such child to attend a public day school regularly during the hours and terms the public school in the district wherein such child resides is in session, or while the school is in session where provision for the instruction of such child is made according to law, unless the parent or person having control of such child can show that the child is elsewhere receiving regularly thorough instruction during said hours and terms in the studies taught in Employed the public schools. Children over fourteen years of age shall not be subject to the requirements of this section while lawfully employed at labor at home or elsewhere; but this provision shall not permit such children to be irregular in attendance at school while they are enrolled as scholars, nor exempt any child who is enrolled as a member of a school from any rule concerning irregularity of attendance which has been enacted or may be enacted by the town school committee, board of school visitors, or board of education, having control of the school.

children.

time.

Employment SECTION 2119. Every person who shall employ a child under during school fourteen years of age during the hours while the school which such child should attend is in session, and every person who shall authorize or permit on premises under his control any such child to be so employed, shall be fined not more than twenty dollars for every week in which such child is so employed.

False statements.

SEC. 2120. Every parent or other person, having control of a child, who shall make any false statement concerning the age of such child with intent to deceive the town clerk or registrar of births, marriages, and deaths of any town, or the teacher of any school, or shall instruct a child to make any such false statement, shall be fined not more than twenty dollars.

SEC. 2121. The school visitors or the town school committee in every town shall, once or more in every year, examine into the situation of the children employed in all manufacturing establishments, and ascertain whether all the provisions of this chapter are duly observed, and report all violations thereof to the proper prosecuting authority.

SEC. 2147. No person over fourteen and under sixteen years of age, who can not read and write, shall be employed in any town where public evening schools are established unless he can produce every school month of twenty days a certificate from the teacher of an evening school showing that he has attended such school eighteen consecutive evenings in the current school month, and is a regular attendant. Every person who shall employ a child contrary to the provisions of this section shall be fined not more than fifty dollars, and the State board of education shall enforce the provisions of this section as provided in section 4707.

Inspection and regulation of bakeries.

SECTION 2569 (as amended by chapter 13, Acts of 1905). Every building or room occupied as a bakery shall be drained and plumbed in a manner conducive to its healthful and sanitary condition, and constructed with air shafts and windows or ventilating pipes sufficient to insure ventilation, as the factory inspector shall direct. Every bakery shall be provided with a wash room, and water-closet apart from the bake room and rooms where the manufacturing of such food products is conducted; no watercloset, earth closet, privy, or ash pit shall be within or communicate directly with a bake shop. Rooms used for the manufacture of flour or meal food shall be at least eight feet in height; the side walls of such rooms shall be plastered or wainscoted, the ceiling plastered or ceiled with lumber or metal, and, if required by the factory inspector, shall be whitewashed at least once in three months; the furniture, utensils, and floor of such rooms shall be kept in healthful sanitary condition. The manufactured flour or meal food products shall be kept in dry, clean, and airy rooms. The sleeping places for persons employed in a bakery