capital, or to that part from which the ornaments project. TAMBOUR is also applied to a wall of a circular building, surrounded with columns: also a place enclosed with folding doors, to break the current of air from without, at the entrance of churches, &c.

TAMBOUR (Mech.) the cylindrical axle-tree of a wheel, which serves to draw up stones out of a quarry. TAMBOURINE (Mil.) a drum resembling the tabor, which is struck by the hand only.

TAMBOURI'SSA (Bot.) a species of the Mithridatea of Linnæus.

TAME-POISON (Bot.) the Asclepias of Linnæus, a shrub or perennial.

TAMNUS (Bot.) the same as the Tamus.
TAMO'NEA (Bot.) the same as the Ghinia.
TA'MPION (Gun.) or tompion, a stopple made for the mouth
of a great gun.

TAMPOY (Med.) a sort of drink made of gilliflowers. TA'MUS (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 22 Dioecia, Order 6 Hexandria.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved. COR. none.-STAM. in the male, filaments six; anthers erect. -PIST. in the female, germ ovate, oblong; style cylindrical; stigmas three.-PER. berry ovate; seeds two. Species. Plants of this tribe are tuberous. TANACETUM (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 19 Syngenesia, Order 2 Polygamia superflua.

Generic Character. CAL. commen hemispherical.-COR. compound tubular.-STAM. in the hermaphrodites filaments five; anther cylindric.-PIST. in the hermaphrodites and females germ oblong; style filiform; stigmas two.-PER. none; seeds solitary.

Species. The principal species are the-Tanacetum suffruticosum, Shrubby Tansy. Tanacetum annuum, seu Absinthium, Annual Tansy.-Tanacetum vulgare, Artemisia, seu Athanasia, Common Tansy. Dod. Pempt.; Bauh. Hist.; Bauh. Pin.; Ger. Herb.; Park. Theat, ; Raii Hist.; Tourn. Inst.

TANACETUM is also the name of several species, as of the Achillea, the Athanasia, the Chrysanthemum, the Cotula, and the Tagetes.

TA'NACLES (Mech.) instruments of torture which acted like pincers.

TANÆ CIUM (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 14 Didynamia, Order 2 Angiospermia.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. Onepetalled.--STAM. filaments four; anthers two-lobed.PIST. germ roundish; style simple; stigma two-lobed.PER. berry large; seeds numerous.

Species. Plants of this tribe are parasitical. TA'NAGRA (Orn.) a genus of Birds of the Order Passeres, having a conic pointed bill triangular at the base. The Tanagers inhabit South America, and build pendulous

D

B

H

with the secant passing through the other extremity; thus, A G is a tangent to the arc B A, or to the arc A BD; and A H a tangent to the arc A K, or to the arc AKDI. These lines are also called the tangents of the angles subtended by those arcs; hence the tangents in the first and third quadrants are positive, in the second, and fourth negative, that is, they are drawn in an opposite direction to the former.-Co-tangent of an angle is the tangent of the complement of that angle; the syllable co being a contraction for complement. Artificial tangents, another name for logarithmic tangents. Sub-tangent, the line lying under the tangent.-Method of tangents, a method of drawing tangents to any curve, or of determining the magnitude of the tangent and subtangent.

TANGLE (Bot.) a sort of sea-weed that grows on rocks by the sea side.

TANK (Mech.) a sort of cistern, or a place constructed for the reception of water that is for immediate use. TANQUAM (Law) vide Qui tam and Action. TANSY (Bot.) the Tanacetum of Linnæus.-Wild-Tansy, the Potentilla of Linnæus. TANTA'LIUM (Min.) a genus of Metals of a black-grey colour, soft texture, and specific gravity about 6.500. It is not soluble in acids, nor alters its colour when heated to redness, but melts, with phosphate of soda and borax, into a colourless glass. It is found in Finland. TA'NTALUS (Orn.) a genus of Birds of the Order Gralla, having the bill long and subulate; face naked; tongue short and bread; nostrils oval; feet four-toed and palmate at the base.

Species. Birds of this genus, which are otherwise named Ibis, inhabit both America and Europe, are very stupid and slow in flight, sit on trees, and feed on fish, insects, and fruits, &c.

TAONA'BA (Bot.) the Ternstroemia of Linnæus, a perennial.

TAPEINIA (Bot.) the Morea magellanica of Linnæus. TA'PER (Gunn.) or taper-bored, an epithet for a piece of ordnance when it is wider at the mouth than towards the breech.

TAPESTRY (Com.) a manufacture in worsted, silk, silver, and gold thread worked into figures to adorn a room by covering its walls.

TAPIA (Bot.) the Crateva tapia of Linnæus. TAPIOCA (Bot.) is properly the starch of the Cassadaroot, which yields it in great abundance.

TA'PIR (Zool.) a genus of animals, Class Mammalia, Order Belluc, having ten fore-teeth in each jaw; no tusks; four hoofs on the fore-feet; three hind-feet; snout furrowed at the sides; neck short and a little maned; back arched; feet short; hoofs hollow; tail short and naked. This animal is about the size of a cow; inhabits America; sleeps by day; feeds by night on grass, sugar-cane, and fruits; swims well; dives and walks under water; is gentle and easily tamed.

TAPIRI'RA (Bot.) a species of the Jonequetia of Linnæus.
TAPOGO'MEA (Bot.) the Callicocca of Linnæus.
TAPURA (Bot.) the Rohria petiolifolia of Linnæus.
TAR (Chem.) a sort of liquid gum of a blackish hue, which
is procured from pines or fir-trees, and is used to pay the
sides of ships, &c.

TARA'LEA (Bot.) the Dipterix of Linnæus.
TARANDUS (Zool.) the Rein-Deer, or Cervus tarandus of

Linnæus.

TARANTA'RA (Mil.) a word of encouragement to battle sounded by trumpet.

TARANTI'SMUS (Med.) a desire of dancing, which is produced by the bite of the tarantula.

verses the derivation, and makes the toxicum to come from taxus. Theophrast. Hist. Plant. 1. 3, c. 10; Dioscor. l. 4, c. 80; Plin.l. 16, c. 10.

TAXUS, in the Linnean system, a genus of plants, Class 22 Dioecia, Order 8 Monadelphia.

Generic Character. CAL. none, except a bud.-COR. none. -STAM. in the males filaments numerous; anthers depressed.-PIST. in the females germ ovate, acuminate; style none; stigma obtuse.-PER. berry succulent; seed one, oblong.

Species. The species are the-Taxus baccata, seu Smilax, Common Yew-Tree. Taxus nucifera, acorn-bearing Yew-Tree.

TAZETTA (Bot.) a species of the Narcissus of Linnæus. TE (Mus.) one of the syllables used by the ancient Greeks in solfaing their music. It answered to the parypate, or

second sound of the tetrachord.

TEA (Bot.) the leaf of a Chinese tree, the Thea of Linnæus, from which the beverage is made that is well known by the same name. Teas are generally distinguished, according to their preparation, into Green and Bohea. The principal sorts of green tea are the Bing, Imperial or Bloom; the Hyson, and Singlo or Songlo; those of the Bohea are the Souchong, the Congo, the Camho or Samlo, and the Common Bohea.-New Jersey Tea, the Ceanothus of Linnæus. New Zealand Tea, the Philadelphus. Oswego Tea, the Monarda.-West Indian Tea, the Sida. TEA-BUCKTHORN (Bot.) a species of the Rhamnus. TEAK (Bot.) or Indian Oak, the wood of the Teak-Tree, or the Tectona of Linnæus.

TEAL (Orn.) a bird of the Duck tribe, as the Anas dominica, Africana, &c.

TEAM (Sport.) a flock of ducks.

TEAM (Archæol.) or theam; a royalty granted by the King's charter to the lord of a manor, for judging bondmen in his

court.

TEAM (Husband.) a set of horses for a waggon, &c. usually four in number.

TEAR (Anat.) the limpid fluid secreted by the lachrymal glands, and flowing on the surface of the eyes. TEA'SEL (Bot.) the Dipsacus of Linnæus, a biennial. TEA-TREE (Bot.) the Thea of Linnæus. TEAZE-TEÑON (Carpent,) a tenon upon the top of a tenon, with a double shoulder and tenon from each, for supporting two level pieces of timber at right angles to each other.

TECHNOLOGY (Lit.) rexrexayia, from rez, art, and yes, discourse; a description of arts, especially those which are mechanical.

TECTONA (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 5 Pentandria, Order 1 Monogynia.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. Onepetalled.-STAM. filaments five; anthers globular.-PIST. germ superior; style filiform; stigma obtuse.-PER. drupe subglobular; seed nut subglobular.

Species. The single species is the Tectona grandis, Jatus, seu Theka, Teak-wood, or Indian Oak.

TE DEUM (Mus.) a Latin hymn of thanksgiving used particularly in the Romish church, so called from the two words with which it commences.

TEETH (Anat.) probably changed from dens, a tooth, which is derived from edo, to eat; the small bones fixed in the alveoli, or sockets of the two jaws. The teeth consist of two principal parts, namely, the body, which appears above the gums, and the fang, or root, fixed into the socket; the boundary between these two is called the neck. The teeth are moreover composed of the cortex, or enamel, and the internal bony substance; and they are distinguished, according to their form and use, into the incisores, which are the four front teeth in each jaw; the canini, or uspidati, the two longest teeth, one on each side of the

VOL. II.

Species. The species are the Telephium imperati, Helianthes, seu Polygonum, True Orpíne.--Telephium oppositifolium, &c. Clus. Hist.; Bauh. Hist.; Bauh. Pin.s Ger. Herb.; Park. Theat.

TELEPHIUM is also the name of several species, as that of the Arenaria, the Cotyledon, the Crassula, the Ornithopus, the Rhodiola, and the Sedum.

TELEPHIUM (Med.) a great ulcer and of difficult cure, so named from Telephus, who received an incurable wound. TELESCOPE (Opt.) an optical instrument composed of lenses, by means of which remote objects are to be seen. TELLERS (Law) four officers in the Exchequer, whose business it is to pay and receive all the monies on the King's account; they were originally called Talliers, because accounts were kept by means of tallies. [vide Tally] TELLINA (Con.) a genus of animals, Class Vermes, Order Testacea, of which the animal is a Tethys; shell bivalve; hinge usually with three teeth.

TE'LL-TALE (Mar.) in French axiometre; a small piece of wood traversing in a groove across the front of the poopdeck which serves to indicate the state of the helm. TELL-TALE (Mus.) a moveable piece of ivory, or lead, suspended in the front of a chamber-organ, which serves to apprise the performer in what degree the wind is exhausted. TELLURIUM (Min.) a genus of metals of a blue-white colour, and soft texture, very brittle, and easily reducible to powder; specific gravity about 6115. It melts in a heat something above the fusing-point of lead; is partly soluble in concentrated sulphuric acid, and gives the solution a crimson colour, which precipitates a white powder on the addition of a large quantity of water. [vide Chemistry] TE'LL-WORC (Law) the work which a tenant was bound to do for his lord a certain number of days.

TE'MPLET (Mason.) a mould for the cutting or setting the work.

TEMPLET (Carpent.) a short piece of timber sometimes laid under a girder.

TEMPO (Mus.) Italian for the word time. TEMPORAL Augment (Gram.) an addition to some tenses of Greek verbs, by changing the short vowel, or diphthong, into a long one.

TEMPORALIS (Anat.) an epithet for what belongs to the temples, as the-Arteria temporalis, the temporal artery, which is a branch of the external carotid, and the ossa temporalia, two bones situated one on each side of the head. They are usually divided into two parts, called the os squamosum and the os petrosum.-Temporalis musculus, or simply Temporalis, the muscle which arises from the squamous portion of the temporal bone, &c. and serves to draw the lower jaw upwards, as in the act of biting. TEMPORALITIES (Ecc.) the temporal revenues of the church, namely, lands, tenements, and lay fees, belonging to the bishops, as lords and barons of Parliament. TEMPORUM Ossa (Anat.) vide Temporalis. TEMPUS pinguitudinis et firmationis (Sport.) the season of the buck and doe.

TENAILLE (Fort.) a kind of outwork longer than it is broad, the long sides of which are parallel. It is either single or double, according as it consists of two or four faces.-Tenaille of a Place, that which is comprehended between the points of two neighbouring bastions, as the faces, flanks, and curtains.

TE'NANCIES (Law) dwelling-houses held of others. TENANT (Law) from the Latin tenens, holding; one that holds lands or tenements by any kind of title, either in fee, for life, years, or at will. Tenants are distinguished into Tenants in Dower; Tenants in Frank-marriage; Tenants by the Curtesy; Tenants in Burgage; Tenants in Chief, that hold of the King by right of his crown, and Tenants of the King, who hold of the person of the King, and have some honour, &c. F. N. B. 135; Kitch. 99. TENAR (Anat.) vide Thenar.

TENCH (Ich.) the Cyprinus tinca of Linnæus, a fish with at golden body and transparent fins, which inhabits most stagnant waters, is very fertile, and tenacious of life, and will live all the winter under the ice.

TO TEND a ship (Mar.) to turn or swing a ship round when at single anchor.

TENDER (Mar.) a small ship that attends a larger one to
supply her with stores, to carry intelligence, &c.
TENDER (Law) the offering of money, or any other thing, in
satisfaction, as the tender of rent, the offering it at the
time and place when and where it ought to be paid.
TENDERING (Sport.) the soft tops of a deer's horns when
.they begin to shoot forth.

TENDO-ACHI'LLIS (Anat.) vide Achillis Tendo.
TENDO (Bot.) a species of Fucus.

TE'NDON (Anat.) the white and glistening extremity of a muscle. vide Muscle]

TE'NDREMENT (Mus.) French for softly, gently. TENDRIL (Bot.) or clasper; one of the fulcres of plants. [vide Cirrus]

TENEBRIO (Ent.) a genus of insects of the Coleopterous

Order, having the antenna moniliform; thorax plano-convex; head projecting; shells rather rigid.

TE'NEMENT (Law) a house, or land, which a man holds of another.

TENEMENTARY Lands (Law) lands that the Saxon Thanes, or noblemen, let out to tenants for arbitrary rents and services.

TENEMENTIS Legatis (Law) a writ for a corporation to hear controversies touching tenements devised by will. Reg. Orig. 244.

TENENDUM (Law) that clause in a deed wherein the tenure of land is created and limited. TENE'NTIBUS in assisa non onerandis (Law) a writ for him to whom a disseisor hath alienated the land whereof he hath disseised another, that he be not molested in assize for damages if the disseisor hath wherewith to satisfy them. Reg. Orig. 214.

TENE'SMUS (Med.) from raw, to extend or stretch; a continual inclination to go to stool without a discharge. TENGA (Bot.) the Cocos nucifera of Linnæus. TE'NNE (Her.) a colour consisting of red and yellow in the coats of gentry, which is represented in engraving by diagonal lines from the dexter to the sinister side of the shield, traversed by perpendicular lines.

TE'NON (Carpent.) the square end of a piece of timber fitted

into a mortoise.

TENOR (Mus.) the mean or middle part betwixt the base and the treble. [vide Music]

TENOR of writs (Law) the substance or purport of them. TENO'RE indictamenti mittendo (Law) a writ whereby the record of an indictment, and the process thereupon, is called out of another court into the King's Bench. Reg. Orig. 69.-Tenore Presentium, the tenor of these presents, the matter contained therein, or rather the intent and meaning of them.

TENORISTA (Mus.) one that has a tenor voice. TENSA'RE (Archaol.) to fence or hedge in. TENSE (Gram.) that form of a verb which distinguishes the time of the action, as the present, imperfect, perfect or preterite, pluperfect, and future.

TE'NSOR (Anat.) an epithet for a muscle which extends the part to which it is fixed, as the Tensor Palati, Tensor Tympani, Tensor vagina Femoris.

TENT (Surg.) a roll of lint for dilating openings, sinuses, &c. TENT (Min.) a term among lapidaries for what they put under table-diamonds when they set them.

TENTER (Mech.) any thing whereon other things may be hung, or stretched, as a tenter-pole, or a tenter hook. TENTH (Mus.) an interval comprehending nine conjoint degrees, or ten sounds diatonically divided. TENTHREDO (Ent.) a genus of insects of the Hymenop terous Order, having a mouth with a horny curved mandible; feelers four; wings tumid; sting composed of two serrate laminæ; stemmata three. Insects of this tribe are called in English the Saw-Fly, because the female uses her sting like a saw to cut out spaces in the bark of trees, for the purpose of depositing her eggs. The larva is cylindrical and soft, the pupa, folliculate, that is, in the form of a follicle or seed vessel.

TENTHS (Ecc.) the yearly tribute which all ecclesiastical livings pay to the King.

TENTO RIUM (Anat.) the process of separating the cerebrum from the cerebellum.

TE'NTWORT (Bot.) the Asplenium of Linnæus. TENURE (Law) the conditions on which lands, or tenements, are held of their respective lords. [vide Tenant and Law]

TENUTO (Mus.) a word signifying that the notes are to be sustained, or held on.

TERA'MNUS (Bot.) a genus of plants nearly allied to the

Dolichos.

TERCET (Mus.) a third.
TEREBELLA (Surg.) a trepan.

TEREBELLA (Ent.) a genus of animals, Class Vermes, Order
Mollusca, having the body oblong, creeping, naked; mouth
placed before; feelers numerous, capillary.
TEREBINTHINA (Bot.) turpentine, the produce of the
Terebinthus, or Turpentine-tree.

TEREBINTHUS (Bot.) Tipends, the Turpentine-Tree; a tree well known both to the ancients and moderns. TEREBINTHUS, in the Linnean system, is the Pistacia terebinthus.

TERE'DO (Conch.) a genus of animals, Class Vermes, Order Testacea, the animal of which is a Tethys; shell bivalve, tapering, flexuous, and capable of penetrating wood. This animal is found on the sides and bottoms of ships, to which it is very destructive.

TERES (Anat.) signifies literally round and smooth, and is employed as an epithet for some muscles, as the two muscles of the scapula, called the Teres major and minor, which have the same office as the infra-spinatus; and some ligaments, particularly the ligament at the bottom of the socket of the hip joint.

TERGE/MINUS (Bot.) tergeminate, or thrice double; an epithet for a leaf having a forked petiole that is subdivided. TERM (Geom.) the extremity or bound of a magnitude. TERM (Law) a fixed and limited time, when the courts of judicature are open for all law suits within the three quarters of the year, autumn, winter, and spring, comprehending four terms, i. e. Michaelmas Term, Hilary Term, Easter Term, and Trinity Term.

TERM (Cus.) the fixed period at the Universities within which the students are compelled to reside previously to their taking a degree. These fall within the four quarters of the year, and are distinguished by the same names as the law terms.

TERM (Log.) the member of a proposition, and of a syllogism. [vide Logic]

TERM (Mar.) a piece of carved work placed under each end of the taffrail.

TERMS of an equation (Arith.) the members of which it is composed, which are separated by +, or -. Thus in the equation ax+2bc=3ax2, ax, 2bc, and 3ax', are the terms. -Terms of a product, ratio, &c. are the several quantities employed in forming them, as in the product ab, a and b are the terms.

TE'RMER (Law) he who holds for a term of years or life. TERMES (Ent.) a genus of insects of the Apterous Order, having the mouth with two horny jaws; lip horny feelers four, equal, filiform; eyes two. This insect is well known in English by the name of the Ant. TERMINA'LIA (Ant.) feasts observed by the Romans on the 22d and 23d of February, in honour of the god Terminus, to whom only cakes and fruits were originally offered, but afterwards animals formed a part of the sacrifice. Varro. de Ling. Lat. 1. 5, c. 3; Ovid. Fast. 1. 2; Fest. de Verb. Signif.; Ursat. de Not. Rom. apud Græv. Thes. Antiq. Roman. tom. xi.

TERMINALIA (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 23 Polygamia, Order 1 Monoecia.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. none. -STAM. filaments ten; anthers roundish.-PIST. in the hermaphrodites, germ inferior; style filiform; stigma || simple. PER. drupe oval; seed a nut, oval, oblong. Species. The species are trees, as the Terminalia catappa, Catappa, Adamaram, seu Amygdalus.—Terminalia angustifolia, &c.

TERMINALIS (Bot.) the Dracena terminalis of Linnæus. TERMINI censuales (Law) rent-terms, or the four quarterly festivals on which rent is usually paid.

tules, attacking mostly the legs of females; they are so called from their resemblance to the fruit of the Turpentine

tree.

TERMINUS (Archit.) a sort of statue, or a column adorned at the top with the figure of a man's or woman's head, whose body seemed enclosed in a sheath. Termini were used by the Romans as bounding stones. Dionys. 1. S; Liv. 1. 5, c. 54; Apul. Flor. &c.

TE'RMON land (Law) Glebe-land.
TERMOR (Law) vide Termer.

TE'RNÆI (Bot.) three-fold; an epithet for flowers, leaves,
and peduncles that stand in threes.
TERNATEA (Bot.) the same as the Clitoria of Linnæus.
TERNATUS (Bot.) ternate; an epithet for a leaf having
three leaflets on one petiole.

TERNSTROE'MIA (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 13
Polyandria, Order 1 Monogynia.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. One-
petalled. STAM. filaments numerous; anthers linear.
-PIST. germ superior; style cylindric; stigma capitate.
-PER. berry juiceless, ovate; seeds about eight.
Species. The species are trees, and natives of South
America.

TERRA (Archæol.) arable or ploughed land.-Terra excultabilis, land that may be tilled.-Terra frusca, land that hath not lately been ploughed.-Terra lucrabilis, land that may be gained from the sea.-Terra vestita, land sown with

corn.

TERRA a terra (Man.) a series of low leaps which a horse makes forwards, bearing sideways, and working upon two treads.

TERRA cariosa (Min.) rotten bone; a species of non effervescent chalk, of a brown colour.

TERRA damnata (Chem.) vide Caput mortuum.
TERRA firma (Geog.) the main land.
TERRA japonica (Bot.) Japan earth, cachu, the inspissated
juice of a species of Acacia.

TERRA lemnia (Min.) vide Bole.
TERRÆ (Min.) Earths; one of the classes into which mi-
neral substances have been mostly divided.
TERRE filius (Cus.) a scholar at the University of Oxford,
formerly appointed to make jesting satirical speeches.
TERRA glandes (Bot.) the Lathyrus tuberosus of Linnæus.
TERRAGE (Law) a freedom from the service of ploughing.
TERRAR (Archeol.) a land-roll, or survey of lands, either
of a single person or of a town.
TERRARIUS (Archeol.) a landholder.-Terrarius cano-
bitis, one whose office it was to keep a terrar of all the estates
belonging to a monastery.

TERRÆ absorbentes (Min.) absorbent earths, such as chalk, crabs' claws, oyster-shells, &c. as distinguished from other earthy and stony substances by their solubility in acids. TERRACE (Fort.) or terrass, a platform or bank of earth raised and breasted, or lined by a strong wall, in order to conform to the natural inequality of the ground.

TERRACE (Archit.) besides its ordinary meaning of a raised walk before houses, &c. is also sometimes taken for a balcony, gallery, or the covering of a building which is in the form of a platform.

TERRA'LLA (Min.) a loadstone turned into a spherical figure, and so placed that its poles and equator, &c. correspond to the poles and equator of the world.

TERRE plein (Fort.) the plain space or walk upon the ramparts.

TERRE tenant (Law) he that has the natural and actual pos

session of the land.

TERRIER (Sport.) a small kind of hunting dog. TERRIS ET BONIS, &c. (Law) a writ for a clerk to recover his lands, goods, and chattels, formerly seized, after he has cleared himself of the felony of which he was ac