cused. Reg. Orig. 68.-Terris et catallis, &c. a judicial writ for a debtor to recover lands, &c. distrained beyond the amount of his debt. Reg. Judic. 38.-Terris liberandis, a writ lying for a man convicted by attaint to bring the record and process before the king, to take a fine for his imprisonment, and then restore him his lands, &c. Reg. Orig. 232.

TE'RTHRA (Anat.) the middle and lateral parts of the neck. TERTIAN (Med.) a species of intermitting fever, the paroxysms of which return every third day. TERTIANA'RIA (Bot.) the Scutellaria galericulata of Lin

næus.

of

TO TERTIATE a piece (Gunn.) to round the thickest part the metal of a cannon at the touch-hole, trunnions, and muzzle. TERTIUM sal (Chem.) another name for a neutral salt. TERZA RIMA (Poet.) verses among the Italians disposed in triplets.

TERZETTO (Mus.) a piece for three voices.

TESSELATED Pavement (Archit.) a pavement formed of chequered pieces of wood or stone inlaid.

TESSERA (Ant.) the watchword or countersign among the
Romans. Polyb. 1. 6, c. 32; Schel. in Hygin. apud Græv.
Thes. Ant. Rom. tom. x.

TESSERA (Mason.) a composition which has been lately in-
vented to cover houses in lieu of tiles or slates.
TESSERA (Anat.) the name of a square bone.
TESSERA'RIUS (Mil.) he who delivered the tessera to the
Roman soldiers. [vide Militia]

TESSIS (Bot.) a species of the Cycas of Linnæus.
TEST (Law) an oath prescribed by act of parliament for re-
nouncing the Pope's supremacy, &c.; also the sacramental
test, which is required as the qualification for taking an office.
TEST (Chem.) a term applied to any substance which may be
employed to detect the presence of a poisonous ingredient
in a composition.

TE'STA (Metal.) a cupel or pot made of bone-ashes, &c. for separating base metals from gold or silver.

TESTA CEA (Conch.) the name of the third Order of Animals, under the Class Vermes, comprehending those which. are covered with a shell. [vide Animal Kingdom] TESTAMENT (Bibl.) vide Canon.

TESTAMENT (Law) the last will of a person concerning the disposal of his estate after his death. TESTA TUM (Law) a writ after a capias when a man is not found in the county where the action was laid. TESTE (Law) i. e. witness; that part of a writ wherein the date is contained, beginning with these words, Teste meipso, if it be an original writ, or Teste the lord chief, if it be judicial. Co. Litt. 134.

TESTER (Numis.) a coin, in value equal to sixpence, so called from teste, the head that was upon it. TESTES (Anat.) testicles; two small oval bodies situated in the scrotum, and covered by a strong, white, and dense coat, called the tunica albuginea testis. Each testicle is composed of small vessels bent in a serpentine direction, and separated by cellular partitions, which retain the semen. TESTICULATUS (Bot.) testiculate, or scrotiform; an epithet for a root, as of the Orchis mascula.

TE'STO (Mus.) the text, subject, or theme of any compo

sition.

TESTOO'N (Com.) or testone, a silver coin of Italy or Portugal, worth about 1s. 3d. sterling.

TESTU'DO (Ant.) a defensive machine among the ancients, which served to screen the soldiers when they approached the walls to mine. [vide Militia, and Plate 47, fig. 3.] TESTUDO (Zool.) a genus of animals, Class Amphibia, Order Reptilia.

Generic Character. Body tailed, covered above and beneath with a bony or coriaceous shell; upper jaw inclosing the lower, like the lid of a box.

Species. Animals of this genus are distinguished into the

Marine Turtle, which has the legs fin-shaped, and the foremost lower; River Turtle, which has the feet palmate, shell joined to the breast by a membrane, and propped on each side by two processes of the chest; Land Tortoise, which has the feet clavate and clawed; shell convex, and joined to the chest by commissures. TETANO'THRA (Med.) medicines which smooth the skin and remove wrinkles.

TETANUS (Med.) a spasmodic affection, accompanied with rigidity, one species of which is known by the popular name of a locked jaw; it is placed by Cullen as a genus of diseases in the Class Neuroses, Order Spasmi. TETARTÆ'US (Med.) quartan; an epithet for a fever. TETHER (Husb.) a string by which cattle are prevented from feeding too much at large.

TETHYS (Ent.) a genus of animals, Class Vermes, Order Mollusca, having a body detached, and oblong; mouth with a terminal cylindrical proboscis; apertures two, on the left side of the neck.

TETRA CERA (Bot.) a genus of plants nearly allied to the Euryandria. TETRACHORD (Mus.) called by the Greeks darrσapar, and by us also a fourth; a concord in the music of the ancients, consisting of three degrees, or intervals, and four terms, or sounds.

TETRACHYMAGO'GON (Med.) from Trpás, four, xúpes, a humour, and άyw, to carry off; a medicine which serves to purge off four sorts of humours. TETRACOLON (Poet.) a stanza or division in lyric poetry, consisting of four verses.

TETRADIAPA'SON (Mus.) a musical chord, otherwise called a musical eighth.

TETRADYNA'MIA (Bot.) from virσapss, four, and dress, a power; the name of the fifteenth Class in the Linnean system; comprehending those plants which bear hermaphrodite flowers with six stamens, four of them longer than the other two. It contains two Orders, namely, the Siliculosa and the Siliquose, and under them the following genera, namely-Draba, Whitlow-Grass.-Lunaria, Honesty. Subularia, Awlwort.-Myagrum, Gold of PleaVella, Cress Rocket.-Bunias, Sea Rocket. — Crambe, Colewort or Sea Kale.-Iberis, Candytuft.—Alyssum, Madwort.-Cyclopeola, Treacle Mustard.-Cochlearia, Scurvy-Grass.-Lepidium, Pepperwort.-Thlaspi, Mithridate Mustard.-Isatis, Woad. Anastatica, Rose of Jericho.-Cheiranthus, Wall Flower.-Hesperis, Rocket. Brassica, Cabbage. - Dentaria, Toothwort.- Sinapis, Mustard.-Cardamine, Ladies' Smock, &c.

sure.

TETRAETERIS (Chron.) TETpTnpis, a cycle of four years, invented by Solon for making the lunar year equal to the solar, by the intercalation of 45 days within that period. TETRAGON (Geom.) another name for a square, from TET, four, and yovie, an angle.

TETRAGO'NIA (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 12 Icosandria, Order 4 Pentagynia, so called from the fourcornered form of its fruit.

TETRAGY'NIA (Bot.) from rapes, four, and yun, a woman; one of the Orders in several of the Linnean classes, comprehending those plants which have four pistils.

TETRAHIT (Bot.) a species of the Galeopsis. TETRALIN (Bot.) a species of the Erica of Linnæus. TETRAMETER (Gram.) from Terpas, four, and rpov, a metre; a sort of verse consisting of four metres or eight feet. TETRA'NDRIA (Bot.) from reps, four, and vnp, a man; the name of the fourth Class in the Linnean system, comprehending those plants which have four stamens. It includes the four Orders Monogynia, Digynia, Trigynia, and Tetragynia, and under them the following genera, namely -Dipsacus, Teasel.-Scabiosa, Scabious.-Cephalanthus,

Button-wood.-Plantago, Plantain.-Sanguisorba, Burnet. -Rubia, Madder.-Îlex, Holly.-Potamogeton, Pondweed, &c.

TETRA'NTHUS (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 19 Syngenesia, Order 5 Polygamia segregata. Generic Character. CAL. common five-leaved; perianth proper, one-leaved.-COR. compound uniform; proper one-petalled. STAM. filaments five; anther tubulous. -PIST. germ oblong; style filiform; stigmas reflexed. -PER. none; receptacle very small; seed oblong. TETRA'O (Orn.) a genus of Birds, of the Order Gallina, having near the eyes a spot, which is either naked, papil lous, or thinly covered with feathers.

Species. Birds of this genus are distinguished into the Grous, Partridge, and Quail. Grous inhabit cold climates, but are defended by their warm clothing against the severity of the weather. The spot over the eye is naked; the nostrils are small, and hid in feathers; legs downy and strong. Partridges have the orbits granulated and legs naked; but those of the male are armed with a spur. The Quails have a larger bill than the Partridges, but the legs without a spur. There is another division of this genus, called the Tinamou, which inhabits Guinea, having a very long bill, blunt at the top; the female is larger than the male. TETRAPE'TALUS (Bot.) four-petalled, an epithet for a corolla.

TETRAPHYLLUS (Bot.) four-leaved, an epithet for a calyx.-Calyx Tetraphyllus, a calyx consisting of four distinct leaves or leaflets, as in Sagina, Epimedium, &c. TETRAPTOTON (Gram.) from Tarps, four, and wσ, a case; a noun declinable in four cases only. TETRA'RCHA (Polit.) from Terps, four, and "px"; government; a governor of four provinces. TETRÁSPERMUS (Bot.) four-seeded, an epithet for a plant having four seeds in each flower.

TETRA'STICH (Poet.) from Terpes, four, and sí, a verse; an epigram comprised in four verses. TETRA'STYLE (Archit.) from Tips, four, and súños, a column; an epithet for a building having four columns. TETRATO'MA (Ent.) a genus of Insects, of the Coleopterous Order, having the antennæ clavate; lip rounded; and feelers thickish; shells as long as the abdomen. TETRODON (Ich.) a genus of Fishes, of the Branchiostegous Order, having the jaws bony; gills linear; body muricate beneath; ventral fins none. TETTER (Med.) vide Herpes.

TEUCRIUM (Bot.) Tuxpior, a plant, so called, as it is said, from Teucer, by whom it was found. Dioscor. 1. 3, c. 111; Plin. 1. 25, c. 5.

TEUCRIUM, in the Linnean system, a genus of plants, Class 14 Didynamia, Order 1 Gymnospermia. Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. Onepetalled.-STAM. filaments four; anthers small.-PIST. germ four-parted; style filiform; stigmas two.-Per. none; calyx unchanged; seeds four.

||

Species. The species are mostly annuals or perennials; of the first sort are the-Teucrium botrys, Botrys, seu Chamaedrys, Cut-leaved annual Germander.-Teucrium chamapitys, Chamæpitys, seu Bugula, Ground Pine, &c.

Of the second sort, are the-Teucrium campanulatum, Small-flowered Germander. ·Teucrium marum, Marum, Cortusi, seu Tragoriganum, Common Marum or Cat-Thyme, a shrubby plant.-Teucrium scorodinia, Scorodinia, Scordium, Salvia, seu Scordutis, Sageleaved Germander or Wood-sage. - Teucrium flavum, Yellow-flowered shrubby Germander. - Teucrium chamædrys, seu Trissago, Common or Wall Germander. -Teucrium polium, seu Polium, Poley, &c. Dod. Pempt.; Clus. Hist.; Bauh. Hist.; Bauh. Pin,; Ger. Herb.; Park. Theat. Bot.; Ran Hist.; Tournef. Inst. &c.

TEU'THIS (Ich.) a genus of Fishes, of the Abdominal Order, having the head truncate on the forepart; gill membrane, five rayed; teeth rigid and approximate in a single row.

TEUTONIC order (Her.) an order of religious knights, founded in 1191, in favour of the German nation. TEXT (Mech.) or Text-hand, a kind of written character. [vide Alphabet, Plate 6.] THE'A (Bot.) from the Chinese Teh, a genus of plants, Class 13 Polyandria, Order 1 Monogynia. Generic Character. CAL. five-parted.-COR. petals from three to nine.-STAM. filaments very numerous; anthers cordate.-PIST. germ globular; styles three; stigmas simple.-PER. capsule tricoccous; seeds solitary. Species. This plant is well known in English by the name of the Tea Tree.

THEATRE (Ant.) vide Amphitheatre. THECA (Bot.) the case or fruit of the frondrose Musci, which consists of a calyptre, calyptra; a lid, operculum; the fringe, frimbria; and the mouth, peristoma; the epiphragm, epiphragma, a thin membrane which stretches over the mouth; the seed-column, columnula, and the apophysis.

THECA vertebralis (Anat.) the vertebral canal. THEFT-BOTE (Law) the receiving one's goods again. from a thief, after they are stolen, or other amends not to prosecute the felon, which is an offence punishable with fine and imprisonment.

THE KA (Bot.) the Tectona of Linnæus. THELO'NIO rationabili (Law) a writ lying for one who has the King's demesne in fee-farm, to recover reasonable toll for his Majesty's tenants there. Reg. Orig. 87. THELO'NIUM essenti quiete (Law) a writ lying for the citi zens of any city or burgesses of any town that have a charter to free them from toll. F. N. B. 226. THELYGO'NUM (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 21 Monoecia, Order 7 Polyandria.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved. COR. none.-STAM. in the males, filaments very numerous; anthers simple.-PIST. in the females, germ globular; style filiform; stigma simple.-PER. capsule coriaceous; seed one.

Species. The single species is the Thelygonum cynocrambe, Cynocrambe, seu Alsine, Purslain-leaved Thelygonum, or Dog's Cabbage.

THEMMÄGIUM (Law) a duty anciently paid by inferior tenants upon account of team.

THE'NAR (Anat.) an abducent muscle, which draws away the thumb, otherwise called the flexor brevis pollicis manus. THEOBROMA (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 18 Polyadelphia, Order 1 Decandria.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth five-leaved.-COR. petals five.-STAM, filaments five; anthers vertical.-PIST. germ ovate; style filiform; stigma five-cleft. - PER. capsule oblong; seeds very many.

Species. The single species is the Theobroma cacao, the Chocolate-Nut-Tree.

THEO'CRACY (Theol.) from Oíos, God, and xpáros, power; a government exercised immediately by God himself, as in the case of his people, the Jews, previously to their having an earthly king.

THEODOLITE (Math.) an instrument used in surveying and in taking heights and distances.

THEOLOGY, from Oo, God, and yo, doctrine; the science which has God and divine things for its subjects. THEOPHRA'STA (Bot.) a genus of plants, named after Theophrastus, Class 5 Pentandria, Order 1 Monogynia. Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. Onepétalled.-STAM. filaments five; anthers acuminate.-PIST. germ roundish; style thick; stigma blunt.—PER. fruit large; seeds oblong.

Species. The two species are the Theophrasta Americana et longifolia.

THEO'RBO (Mus.) a musical instrument, resembling a large lute, used by the Italians for playing a thorough bass. THEOREM (Math.) ráp, a mathematical declaration of certain properties, proportions, or equalities, duly inferred from some suppositions about quantity.

Theorems are distinguished into universal, which extend to any quantity without restriction; particular, which extend to a particular quantity only; negative, which express the impossibility of any thing to be done, local, which relate to a surface; plane, which relate to a surface, that is, either rectilinear or bounded by the circumference of a circle; solid, which consider a space terminated by a solid plane; reciprocal, those the converse of which is also true.

THE'OWES (Archæol.) slaves or captives among the Saxons. THERAPEUTICS (Med.) from pú, to cure; that part of physic which shows the method of curing diseases. THERIA CA (Med.) Orgiana, medicines against poisons, or the bites of venemous animals. Theriaca, which signifies properly treacle, has been also applied to many medicinal compositions.

THERIOMA (Med.) expiaa, an ulcer of a very malignant kind. Gal. Exeges.

THERME (Med.) warm baths or springs.

THERMA'NTICE (Med.) medicines which cause heat. THERMOMETER (Mech.) from in, warmth, and wiper, a measure; an instrument for measuring the temperature of the air, water, &c. as to heat and cold. THERMOMETRUM (Med.) from fie, heat, and piper, a measure; the natural heat which is measured by the pulse. THERMOCSO'PIUM (Mech.) the same as the Thermo

meter.

THESAURUS (Archæol.) or Thesaurarium, the Treasury.
THESIA (Ant.) Onia, an Athenian festival in honour of
Theseus. Plut. in Thes.

THESIS (Gram.) vide Arsis.
THE'SIUM (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 5 Pentandria,
Order 1 Monogynia.
Generic Character.

none.

CAL. perianth one-leaved.

- COR. STAM. filaments five; anthers round. - PIST. germ inferior; style filiform.—PER. none; seed one. Species. The species are shrubby perennials. THESMOPHORIA (Ant.) broμocópia, a Grecian festival in honour of Ceres, surnamed pipes, i. e. the Lawgiver, because she was the first that taught mankind the use of laws. Aristoph. Thesmophor. THETHINGÁ (Archæol.) a tithing.

THILL (Mech.) the beam or draught tree of a cart or

diatonic sounds. There are four species of thirds, two consonant and two dissonant. The consonant are, the major third, called by the Greeks ditone, consisting of two tones; and the minor third or hemiditone, consisting of a tone and a half. The dissonant thirds are, the diminished third, composed of two major semitones; and the superfluous third, composed of two tones and a half. THIRD-EA'RING (Husband.) the tilling or ploughing the ground a third time.

THIRDINGS (Law) the third part of the corn growing on the ground at the death of the tenant, which was due to the lord as an heriot.

THIRD-PENNY (Law) the third part of fines, &c. arising from law-suits.

THIRTEENTH (Mus.) an interval forming the octave of the first sixth.

THISTLE (Bot.) the Carduus of Linnæus, an annual.Blessed-Thistle, the Centaurea, an annual. — CarlineThistle, the Carlina, a perennial.-Distaff- Thistle, the Carthamus, an annual.-Fish-Thistle, a species of the Carduus.-Fuller's-Thistle, the Dipsacus.-Globe-Thistle, the Echinops.-Golden-Thistle, the Scolymus, an annual.— Melon-Thistle, the Cactus, a perennial.-Milk-Thistle, a species of Carduus.-Sow-Thistle, the Sonchus, a perennial.-Torch-Thistle, a species of the Cactus.-WoollyThistle, the Onopordium, a perennial.-Yellow-Thistle, the Argemone mexicana, an annual. THISTLE, Order of (Her.) vide Heraldry. THI'STLE-FINCH (Orn.) another name for the Gold-Finch. THISTLE-TAKE (Law) a duty of a halfpenny anciently paid for liberty of grazing on a common, where thistles grow. THLA'SPI (Bot.) xác, a plant mentioned by Dioscorides and Pliny. Dioscor. 1. 2, c. 186; Plin. l. 27, c. 13. THLASPI, in the Linnean system, Class 15 Tetradynamia, Order 1 Siliculosa.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth four-leaved. COR. four-petalled. STAM. filaments six; anthers acuminate. -PIST. germ roundish; style simple; stigma obtuse.PER. silicle compressed; seeds several.

Species. The species are mostly annuals, as the-Thlaspi arvense, seu Nasturtium, Field Bastard-Cress, PennyCress, or Smooth Mithridate Mustard.-Thlaspi perfoliatum, Perfoliate Bastard Cress, or Shepherd's-Purse, &c.-Thlaspi bursa pastoris, Iberis, seu Bursa pastoris, Common Shepherd's Purse, &c. Dod. Pempt.; Clus. Hist.; Bauh. Hist.; Bauh. Pin.; Ger. Herb.; Park. Theat. Bot.; Raii Hist.; Tournef. Instit.

THLASPI is also the name of several species, as that of the Alyssum, the Cheiranthus, the Draba, the Lepidium, the Myagrum, &c.

THO'A (Bot.) a shrub of Guiana.

THO'RA (Bot.) a species of the Ranunculus of Linnæus. THORACIC (Ich.) the name of the Third Order of Fishes in the Linnean system, comprehending such as have the ventral fins under the pectoral.

THORACIC Duct (Anat.) the trunk of the absorbent vessels, which is of a serpentine form, and about the diameter of a crowbill.

THO'RAL Line (Palmis.) a line in the hand, called the mark of Venus.

THORAX (Anat.) the Chest, or that part of the body situated between the neck and the abdomen. THO'RN-APPLE (Bot.) the Datura of Linnæus, an annual.-Black-Thorn, the Prunus spinosa.-Box-Thorn, the Lycium. Christ's-Thorn, the Rhamnus. - CockspurThorn, the Cratagus crus galli.-Ægyptian-Thorn, the Acacia.-Evergreen-Thorn, the Mespilus.-GlastonburyThorn, the Crataegus.-Goat's-Thorn, the Tragacantha.Haw-Thorn, the Crataegus coccinea.-Lily-Thorn, the Catesbæa.-Purging-Thorn, the Rhamnus cathartica.-WhiteThorn, the Crataegus oxycantha.

TIC doloureux (Med.) a painful affection of the nerves, which mostly attacks the face, particularly of that branch of the fifth pair which comes out of the infra orbitary foramen.

TICK (Ent.) the Acarus of Linnæus, a well-known insect; the principal species of which is the Acarus ricinus, or Dog-Tick, so called from its infesting dogs. TICK-SEED (Bot.) the Corispermum of Linnæus. TIDE (Geog) a regular periodical current of the water setting alternately in a flux and reflux, which is produced by the mutual attraction of the sun and the moon,_but chiefly of the latter. Tides are distinguished into Leeward, Neap, Spring, and Weather-tide. Atmospheric Tides, certain periodical changes in the atmosphere símilar, in some respects, to those which take place in the ocean, and produced, in a great measure, by the same causes. TO TIDE (Mar.) to work in or out of a river, &c. by favour of the tide; but "To tide it" is to pursue a ship's course by means of the tide.

TIDE-GATE (Mar.) a place where the tide runs with great || velocity.

TI'DE-ROAD (Mar.) the situation of a vessel which, being at anchor when the wind and tide are opposed to each other, has her head towards the current. TIDESMAN (Law) an officer appointed by the customhouse to remain on board merchant vessels while they have any customable goods on board.

TIDE-TABLES (Mar.) tables showing the times of highwater at sundry places, as they fall on the days of the full and change of the moon.

TIDE-WAITER (Law) a custom-house officer, whose duty it is to attend on the quays to see goods landed. TI'DE-WAY (Mar.) that part of a river or channel in which the tide ebbs and flows.

TIER (Mar.) the range of cannon mounted on one side of a ship's deck; also the range of casks and packages in the ship's hold; as the ground-tier, which is next above the kelson; the second tier and upper-tier, which are laid within one another in a horizontal position, so that the last becomes the innermost.-Tier of a cable, a range of the fakes or windings of a cable.-Cable Tier is the space in the midst of a cable when it is coiled; also the place where || it is coiled.

TIERCE (Mus.) a third, or the interval of a third.
TIERCE (Ecc.) one of the canonical hours among the Roman
Catholics.

TIERCE (Com.) or Terce, a liquid measure containing 42|| gallons.

TIERCE (Ier.) an epithet for the field when it is divided into three areas. They are distinguished, according to the nature of the partition, into tierce in bend, tierce in pairle, tierce in pale, tierce in pile, &c. TIERCET (Mus.) a song of three stanzas. TIERS-ETAT (Polit.) a name in France for the commonalty, or the third order, between the nobility and the clergy. TIGE (Archit.) the shaft of a column, from the astragal to the capital.

TIGER (Zool.) the Felis tigris of Linnæus, a well-known rapacious animal, which is of the cat tribe.

TIGHT (Mar.) an epithet for a ship, the planks of which are so compact and solid as to prevent the entrance of the water; it is opposed to leaky.

TILIA (Bot.) a plant called by Theophrastus and others Qiu, by Dioscorides quaause, and by Pliny tilia. Theophrast. Hist. Plani. 1. 3, c. 10; Dioscor. l. 1, c. 125; Plin. 1. 1, c. 20, &c.

TILIA, in the Linnean system, a genus of plants, Class 13 Polyandria, Order 1 Monogynia.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth five-parted.-COR. petals five.-STAM. filaments numerous; anthers simple.

TILLER (Mar.) a piece of timber fitted into the head of the rudder to steer the ship with.

TILT (Mil.) an old military exercise or game, which consisted in two armed persons riding with lances or spears against each other.

TILT (Mech.) a cloth or tent to cover a waggon or a boat, &c.

TI'MAC (Bot.) the name of a root imported from the East Indies, which is said to possess diuretic virtues; but from what plant it is obtained is not known.

TIMA'RIOT (Mil.) a Turkish soldier, who, in consideration of a certain allowance made to him, is obliged to clothe and accoutre himself.

TI'MARS (Polit.) certain revenues in Turkey growing out of lands, which originally belonged to the Christian clergy; by means of these timars, the grand seignior is enabled to support the greatest part of his cavalry.

TIMBER (Her.) or timbre, the crest which, in any atchievement, stands on the top of the helmet. TIMBER (Carpent.) wood seasoned fit for building. TIMBER of skins, &c. (Com.) the number of forty. TIMBERS of a ship (Mar.) the ribs or incurvated pieces of wood branching out from the keel in a vertical direction.

TIMBRE (Her.) vide Timber. TIMBREL (Mus.) a name for the ancient Hebrew drum. TIME (Astron.) a certain measure of duration, depending on the motion of the celestial bodies, which is either apparent, mean, or sidereal.-Apparent time is regulated by the apparent motion of the sun.- Mean, or equated time, is a mean, or average, of apparent time.-Sidereal time is determined by the diurnal revolutions of the heavenly bodies. TIME (Mus.) the measure of sounds in regard to their continuance or duration. Time is common, triple, or compound, &c. [vide Music]

TIME KEEPER (Mech.) an instrument for measuring time, particularly that which is otherwise called a chronometer. TIMENO'G (Mar.) a rope fastened at one end to the foreshrouds, and nailed at the other end to the anchor-stock, on the bow.

TIMING (Fenc.) the accurate and critical throwing in a cut or thrust upon any opening that may occur. TIMMIA (Bot.) a genus of Mosses. TIMOTHEANS (Ecc.) a sect of heretics in the fourth century, who maintained that Christ was incarnated for the advantage of our bodies.

TIMOTHY-GRASS (Bot.) the Phleum pratense of Lin

næus.

TIN (Min.) stannum, called Jupiter by the alchymists, and marked thus, 4, is a metal which is rarely, if ever, found native. The native oxide of tin, or tin stone, occurs both massive and crystallized. It is of a dark brown colour when massive, but rather transparent when crystallized. The wood tin ore is a variety of the native oxide, so named from its fibrous texture. Tin is also found mineralized by sulphur associated always with a portion of copper, and sometimes of iron: this ore is called tin pyrites, which is a yellowish grey colour, and has a metallic lustre. Tin is one of the lightest metals, its specific gravity, when hammered, being no more than 7.299, but it is so fusible as to melt at about 442° of Fahrenheit. [vide Chemistry]