greater or less than assignable ones. An infinite or infi- || nitely great Line denotes only an indefinite or indeterminate line.-Infinite Decimals, such as do not terminate, but go on without end.-Infinite Series, a series considered as infinitely continued as to the number of its terms. INFINITE'SIMALS (Arith.) certain infinitely or indefinitely small parts; also the method of computing by them. INFINITIVE Mood (Gram.) a mood of a verb so named because it is not limited, either by number or person, like the other moods.

INFIRMARY (Med.) a place for the reception and cure of sick people.

INFLAMMABLE air (Chem.) another name for Hydrogen

Gas.

INFLAMMATION (Med.) a swelling with heat, redness, and beating with pain. It is a genus of diseases, Class Pyrexia, Order Phlegmasia, in Cullen's Nosology. INFLATIO (Med.) vide Emphysema. INFLATIVA (Med.) medicínes or food which cause flatulence.

INFLA'TUS (Bot.) inflated or blown up like a bladder; an epithet for the perianth, as in physalis; the corolla, as in Calceolaria; the nectary, as in Cypripedium; the pericarp, || as in Fumaria cirrosa, Colutea.

INFLECTION (Opt.) a multiplex refraction of the rays of light, caused by the unequal thickness of any medium. INFLECTION, Point of (Geom.) or Point of contrary Flexure, a point wherein a curve begins to bend a contrary way. INFLEXUS (Bot.) inflected; an epithet for a leaf that is bent inwards at the end towards the stem; also for a calyx that is bent inwards.

INFLORESCENTIA (Bot.) Inflorescence, a name for the different modes in which flowers are fastened to the stem by means of the peduncle: these are the Spadix, the Cyme, the Umbel, the Spike, the Ament, Strobile, the Corymb, the Raceme, the Panicle, the Thyrse, the Fascicle, the Capitulum or Head, the Whorl. [vide Botany, and Spadix, Cyme, &c.]

I'NFLUENT Juices (Med.) juices of a human body that, by the laws of circulation, fall into another current or receptacle, as the Bile into the Gall-Bladder, &c. ́INFLUE'NŻA (Med.) Italian for the word influence, is the name of a sort of catarrh or disease from cold, which is so called because it was supposed to be produced by the peculiar influence of the stars. It is technically called the Catarrhus à contagio, or epidemicus.

IN FORMA pauperis (Law) a mode of preferring a suit, when the suitor making affidavit that, after his debts are paid, he is not worth five pounds, he has clerks and counsel assigned him without fee.

INFORMATION (Law) Informatio pro rege, an accusation or complaint exhibited against a person for some criminal offence, either immediately against the king, or against a private person.

INFORMATION, in the Scotch Law, is a written pleading ordered by the Lord Ordinary, when he takes a cause to report to the junior house.

INFORMA'TUS non sum (Law) i. e. I am not informed; a formal answer made in court by an attorney, when he has no more to say in defence of his client.

INFORMED Stars (Astron.) such of the fixed stars as are not cast into or ranged under any form or constellation. INFO'RMER (Law) one who gives information, particularly private information, to a magistrate.

INFORTUNES (Astrol.) an epithet for Saturn and Mars, so called because of their unfortunate influences. INFRA-SCAPULARIS Muscularis (Anat.) a muscle of the arm which arises from the lower part of the scapula.-Infraspinatus musculus, a muscle of the arm placed below the Spina.

VOL. II.

I'NFULA (Ant.) a sort of garland, made in the form of a mitre, worn by the priests; it was also put upon the horns of the victims, &c.

INFULA (Her.) vide Pope's crown. INFUNDIBULIFO'RMIS (Bot.) funnel-shaped; an epithet for a monopetalous corolla, having a conical border rising from a tube. INFUNDIBULUM Cerebri (Anat.) in Greek xoán, a cavity of the brain, through which serous humours are discharged. Gal. de Usu. Part. 1. 9, c. 3; Oribas. Med. Collect. 1. 24, c. 1; Gorr. Def. Med.-Infundibulum Renum, the basin through which the urine passes to the ureters and bladder. INFU'SION (Med.) a steeping of drugs, leaves, roots, &c. in any liquor, in order to extract their virtues. INFUSO'RIA (Ent.) an Order of animals, in the Linnean system, comprehended under the Class Vermes, and consisting of such genera as are simple, microscopic, animalcules, rarely visible to the naked eye, as the Brachionus, Vorticella, &c. [vide Animal Kingdom]

I'NGA (Bot.) the Mimosa lutea of Linnæus. INGE'MINATED (Bot.) an epithet for flowers which grow out of one another.

INGENITE Disease (Med.) a disease that comes into the world with a person, as all hereditary diseases do. INGE'NIUM (Archæol.) an engine or device. INGE'NUI (Ant.) a designation of such Roman citizens as had been born free themselves, and of parents who had been always free, in distinction from libertini or liberti. Sigon. de Antiq. Jur. Civ. Rom. 1. 1, c. 9. INGENUITAS (Archæol.) liberty given to a servant by manumission. Leg. H. 1, c. 89.-Ingenuitas Regni, the freeholders or commonalty of the realm. INGENUUS (Archæol.) one free-born, or a gentleman. INGINE'ER (Mil.) vide Engineer. I'NGOT (Com.) a wedge of gold or silver. I'NGRAILED (Her.) is one of the crooked lines of which the ordinaries are composed, having its convex part outward, as in fig. 1, in distinction from the invecked, which

has the convex part inward, as in fig. 2. They are both distinguished from the indented, by being circular instead of angular, as fig. 3.

INGREDIENT (Med.) one of the simples which are put into, or form a part of, a compound medicine. I'NGRESS (Astron.) the sun's entering into the first scruple of one of the four cardinal signs, especially Aries. INGRE'SSU (Law) a writ of entry, whereby a man seeketh entry into lands and tenements.

INGRESSUS (Law) a duty which the heir at full age formerly paid to the chief lord for entering upon lands which were fallen to him.

IN Gross (Law) absolute, or independent, as an advowson in gross, in distinction from an advowson appendant. TO INGRO'SS (Law) to write over the draught of a deed in fair and large characters.

TO INGROSS (Com.) to buy up all of a commodity. INGRO'SSER (Com.) one who buys up corn while it is standing, or other provisions before they are brought to market.

INGROSSER (Law) a clerk that writes out records, conveyances, &c.

INGRO'SSING of a Fine (Law) is when the indentures,

N

being drawn up by the chirographer, are delivered to the party to whom the cognizance is made. I'NGUEN (Anat.) Bußar, the groin.

INGUINA'LIA (Med.) any things applied as a medicine to the groin.

INHUME (Bot.) the Dioscorea alata of Linnæus. INHERITANCE (Law) hæreditas, an estate in lands or tenements to a man and his heirs. Inheritances are either corporeal or incorporeal. - Corporeal Inheritances are houses, lands, &c.-Incorporeal Inheritances are advowsons, rights, &c.

INHIBITION (Law) a writ which forbids a judge to proceed farther in the cause before him. INHIBITION, in the Scotch Law, a process to restrain the party inhibited from disposing of his real estate, in prejudice of a debt insisted on; also a writ whereby, on the application of a husband, all persons are prohibited from giving credit to his wife, &c.

I'ŇHOČ (Archæol.) a corner of a common field ploughed up and sowed.

INHUMATION (Cus.) a burying or putting a body into the ground.

INHUMATION (Chem.) a digestion, made by burying the materials in dung or earth.

INJACULATIO (Med.) a disorder so called by Van Helmont, which consists in a violent spasmodic pain in the stomach, and an immobility of the body.

INJECTION (Med.) the forcing any liquid medicine into the body by a syringe, clyster, &c.

INJECTION (Anat.) the filling the vessels of a human or animal body with wax, or any other proper matter, to show their ramifications.

I'NILUM (Anat.) the beginning of the oblongated marrow. I'NION (Anat.) vide Occiput.

INITIA'LIA testimonia (Law) an initiatory testimony in the Scotch Law, whereby the disposition of the party is ascertained, who is to give his deposition, in order to know whether he is prompted thereto by any personal ill-will. INJUNCTION (Law) a kind of prohibition granted by courts of equity in divers cases, particularly for the purpose of preserving property pending in a suit. INJURY (Law) a wrong or damage done to a man's person or goods.

INK (Falcon.) the neck of any bird which a hawk preys upon. INK of a Mill (Mech.) a sort of forked iron which is fastened on the spindle.

I'NK-FISH (Ich.) vide Cuttle-Fish.

INLAGA'RE (Law) to admit or restore to the benefit of the law.

I'NLAGH (Law) Inlagatus, i. e. homo sub lege, he who was of some frank-pledge, or not outlawed, in distinction from the utlagh.

INLAND (Law) that part of any land or mansion which lay next to the mansion-house, and was used by the lord himself.

INLAND (Geog.) that which is situated in the interior of a country far from the sea-coast.-Inland-Town, one seated far within the land to which no vessel can sail. INLAND Bills (Com.) bills payable in the country where they are drawn. Inland Trade, a trade carried on within the country; a home trade.

INLA'NTAL (Law) demesne or inland, in distinction from delantal, land tenanted or outlawed.

TO INLA'Y (Mech.) to work in wood or metal, with several pieces of different colours, curiously set together. INLEGIARE (Law) or se inlegiare, the same as Inlagare. INMATES (Law) persons who are admitted to dwell with, and in the house of, another, and not able to maintain themselves. The inmates were generally persons harboured in cottages, who only increased the burden of the

parish. The suffering such persons to take up their abode was prohibited by stat. 31 Eliz. c. 7; Kilch. 45. INNATE Principles (Metaph.) ideas, or principles stamped upon the soul at its creation.

INNATURALITAS (Archæol.) unnatural usuage. I'NNINGS (Law) lands recovered from the sea by draining and banking.

INNHOLDER (Com.) or Innkeeper, one who keeps an inn. INNHOLDERS, Company of (Her.) was incorporated in 1505. Their armorial ensigns are "Azure, a chevron, argent, between three oat-garbes, or, on a chief of the 2d St. Julian's Cross, sable."

INNOCENTS' Day (Ecc.) a festival observed on the 28th of December, in memory of the Children that were slain at the command of Herod. INNOM Barley (Husband.) barley sown the second crop after the ground is fallowed.

INNOMINATA Arteria (Anat.) the first branch given off by the arch of the aorta.-Innominata ossa, or Ös Innominatum, from in, privative, and nomen, a name; a large irregular bone, situated at the side of the Pelvis, which was so called because the three bones of which it was originally formed became one bone, that was nameless. It is divided into three portions; namely, the os Ilium, or HaunchBone; the os Ischium, or Hip-Bone; and the os Pubis, or Share-Bone.-Innominata Tunica Oculi, a certain coat of the eye, so called because it wanted a name. INNOMINATUS Humor (Anat.) one of the four secondary humours wherewith the ancients thought the body was nourished.

INNOTE'SCIMUS (Law) the same as videmus; an epithet for letters patent, which are always of a charter of feoffment, or some other instrument not of record, concluding with the words Innotescimus per præsentes, &c. INNOVATION (Law) an exchange of one obligation for another, in the Scotch Law, so as to make the second come in the place of the first.

INNS of Court (Law) houses or colleges established for the entertainment of students in the law; namely, Gray's Inn, Lincoln's Inn, the Inner and the Middle Temples, which, with the two Serjeants' Inns and the eight Inns of Chancery, namely, Clifford's Inn, Symond's Inn, Clement's Inn, Lyon's Inn, Furnival's Inn, Staple's Inn, Bernard's Inn, and Thavies's Inn (to which has since been added New Inn), make, as Sir Edward Coke says, the most famous University for the Law in the world. Our Inns of Court, or Societies of the Law, which have been famed for their production of learned men, are governed by Masters, Principals, Benchers, Stewards, and other officers. INNUENDO (Law) from innuo, to nod or beckon to; a word used in declarations, indictments, &c. for the purpose of declaring and ascertaining the person or thing which was before named; as to say, he, innuendo, i, e. meaning the plaintiff, did so and so, when there was mention before of another person.

INOCARPUS (Bot.) a genus of plants, Class 10 Decandria, Order 1 Monogynia.

Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. Onepetalled.-STAM. filaments ten; anthers ovate.-PIST. germ oblong; style none; stigma pointed.-PER. drupe kidney-form; seeds a nut, oval.

Species. The single species is a tree, as the Inocarpus edulis, native of the Society Islands. INOCULATION (Hort.) the insertion or grafting the bud of one fruit-tree into the stock of another. INOPERATIO (Law) one of the legal excuses to exempt a man from appearing in court inoperationis causâ, i. e. on the days on which all pleadings are to cease, or in diebus non juridicis. Leg. H. 1, v. c. 1.

INO'RDINATE proportion (Geom.) that in which the order of the terms compared is irregular or disturbed. [vide Geometry]

INORDINATUS (Law) one who died intestate. Matth. Westm.

INOSCULATION (Anat.) the joining the mouths of the capillary veins and arteries.

I'NPENNY (Law) or outpenny; money paid by the custom of some manors on the alienations of tenants, &c. INPRI'SII (Archeol.) accomplices or abettors, I'NQUEST (Law) inquisitio; an inquisition of jurors in causes civil and criminal, on proof made of the fact, when it is referred to their trial. This is otherwise called an inquest of office, being an inquisition or inquiry made by the king's officer, his sheriff, coroner, escheater, virtute officii, or by writ sent to them for that purpose.

INQUEST signifies also the jury, or the persons themselves appointed to try such causes.

INQUESTS, Court of (Law) vide Court.

INQUIRE'NDO (Law) an authority given to some person or persons to inquire into something for the king's advantage. Reg. Orig. 72.

INQUIRY, writ of (Law) a writ that issues out to the sheriff to summon a jury to inquire what damages a plaintiff hath sustained in an action upon the case where judgment goes by default. INQUIRY, Board of (Mil.) a term used in contradistinction to a court-martial, to signify the meeting of a number of officers (who are not sworn) to inquire into matters which may afterwards become a subject of judicial investigation. INQUISITION (Law) vide Inquest.-Inquisition ex mero officio was formerly one way of proceeding in ecclesiastical courts. Wood. Inst. 596.

INQUISITION (Ecc.) a tribunal or great council, first erected by Ferdinand, the Catholic King of Spain, for the purpose of calling Jews and Moors to account for their infidelity, but afterwards its power was directed against those who were not friendly to the Romish Church. INQUISITOR (Law) a designation of sheriffs, coroners, super visum corporis, and the like, who have power to inquire into certain matters.

INQUISITOR (Ecc.) or grand inquisitor, a name for the judges of the Spanish Inquisition. INROLLMENT (Law) the entering or registering any lawful act, as a recognisance, fine, &c.

INSA'NIA (Med.) from in, privative, and sunus, sound; insanity, or unsoundness of mind or intellect; a genus of diseases in Cullen's Nosology, Class Neuroses, Order Vesania. IN'SCHI (Bot.) a species of the Amomum. INSCO'NSED (Mil.) a term applied to a small body of men

secured within a sconce or small fort.

INSCRIBED (Math.) an epithet for figures that are drawn within others; also for bodies, otherwise called regular bodies.-Inscribed hyperbola is one that lies wholly within the angle of its asymptote, as the common hyperbola doth. INSCRIPTI (Ant.) a name given to those who were branded with any ignominious mark, after the manner in which slaves were treated.

INSCRIPTIO (Ant.) branding, a punishment inflicted by the Romans on their run-away slaves. [vide Inscripti] INSECT (Ent.) insectum, from inseco, to cut in, because the body of insects is commonly split into segments; any small living creature that creeps or flies, and that is either not divided into limbs and joints, as other creatures, but encompassed with rings and divisions capable of being parted without utterly destroying life, as worms, &c. or else divided between the head and body, as flies, bees, &c. Linnæus has separated those which fall under the first part of this definition, and placed them under a distinct class, named Vermes, Worms. [vide Insecta]

INSECTA (Ent.) the Fifth Class of animals into which Linnæus has divided the animal kingdom, comprehending those small animals which breathe through lateral spiracles, armed on all sides with bony skin, or covered with hair. This definition excludes worms which are commonly reckoned as insects, and are explained under the head of Entomology throughout this work. [vide Entomology and Animal Kingdom]

INSE'SSUS (Med.) another name for a vapour-bath, over which the patient sits.

IN'SIDE guard (Mil.) a guard with the broad-sword to secure the face and front of the body from a cut made at the inside position above the wrist.

INSIDIANS (Med.) an epithet for diseases which break out by surprize, without betraying any previous symptom. INSIDIATORES viarum (Archæol.) way-layers. INSIGNIA (Her.) ensigns on arms. IN SIMUL computasset (Law) a writ or action of account that lies not for things certain, but only for things uncertain.-In simul tenuit, one species of the writ formedon. INSINUATION (Law) the creeping into a man's mind or favour covertly; it is mentioned in statute H. 8, c. 5.—Insinuation of a will is in the civil law the first production of it, the leaving it in the hands of the Registrar. TO INSI'ST (Geom.) the angles of any segment are said to insist or stand upon the arc of another segment. [vide Geometry]

INSITION (Hort.) another name for grafting. INSOLATION (Med.) the digestion of any ingredient or

mixed body by exposing it to the sun-beams. Oribas. Med. Collect. 1. 10, c. 10; Aet. Tetrab. 1, serm. 3, c. 9. INSOLVENCY (Law) the condition of one who is not able to satisfy his creditors.

INSOLVENT (Law) one who is in a state of insolvency. INSPECTION (Mil.) a particular examination or survey, and also a superintendance, of which there are different kinds, as the general Inspection, the regimental Inspection, the private Inspection of companies, &c. INSPECTION (Law) or trial by inspection, or examination, is when the judges of the court, upon the testimony of their own senses, decide the point in dispute. INSPECTOR (Mil.) an officer whose duty it is to inspect regiments, companies, &c.

INSPEXIMUS (Law) i. e. we have inspected; a word used in letters patent, being the same with exemplification, and called inspeximus, because it begins rex omnibus, &c. inspeximus irrotulamentum, quarund' literar' patent', &c. INSPIRATION (Anat.) the taking in air or breath by the dilatation or widening the chest.

INSPIRATION (Theol.) the communication of the Holy Spirit to the minds of men, which is either extraordinary and miraculous, as in the case of the primitive converts, or it is the ordinary gift of the spirit, which has been promised to those who seek for it with sincerity of heart. INSPISSA'TION (Chem.) the bringing a liquid to a thicker consistence by evaporating the thinner parts. INSTALMENT (Law) a settlement, establishment, or sure placing in, as instalment in dignities.

actions.

INSTIRPA'RE (Archæol.) to plant or establish. Brompt. 385. INSTITUTES (Law) a collection of the Roman laws made by order of Justinian; also certain works of Lord Chief Justice Coke, which are cited as the first, second, and third Institutes.

INSTITUTION to a benefice (Law) the putting a clerk into the possession of the spiritualities of a benefice. INSTITUTIONS (Med.) the same as elements which teach the necessary præcognita to the practice of medicine or the cure of diseases.

IN'STRUMENT (Law) a public act or deed in writing drawn up between two or more parties, and containing several covenants agreed upon between them. INSTRUMENTAL (Mus.) an epithet for any performance by means of instruments, in distinction from vocal performance, or singing.

IN'SUCKEN multures (Law) the quantity of corn paid by those who are thirled to a mill.

INSUFFLATION (Med.) the blowing into any cavity. INSULATE (Archit.) an epithet for a column or other edifice which stands alone.

IN'SULATED (Elect.) an epithet for bodies that are supported by electrics, or non-conductors, so that their communication with the earth is interrupted. IN'SUPER (Law) a term used by the auditors of the exchequer in their accounts; as when so much is charged upon a person, as due on his account, they say so much remains insuper to such an accountant. INSURANCE (Com.) a contract or agreement, by which one or more individuals engage to secure a party against the risk of loss happening from certain events marked out by the contract. The persons who enter into this contract are termed insurers, or, from the form of the instrument, which is signed by them alone, underwriters; and they in whose favour the insurance is made are called the insured, or assured; the sum of money paid for insurance is the premium; and the contract entered into, the policy of in

surance.

INTACT (Geom.) an epithet for right lines, to which curves do continually approach without ever touching them. INTA'GLIOS (Sculp.) precious stones engraven with the heads of great men, or inscriptions, &c. such as are set in rings, &c.

INTAKERS (Archæol.) persons on the borders of Scotland, who were the receivers of such booty as their accomplices, called outparters, used to bring in.

I'NTEGER (Arith.) a whole number, in distinction from a fraction.

INTEGERRIMUS (Bot.) an epithet for a leaf having its margin or edge quite entire, without any notches. INTEGRAL number (Arith.) the same as Integer. INTEGRAL calculus (Algeb.) the finding of the integral from the differential, which answers to the inverse method of fluxions, or the finding the fluent to a given fluxion.

monly given to the cuticula, cutis, and membrana adiposa. INTEMPE'RIES (Med.) a dyscracy, or ill habit of body. INTENDANT (Mil.) one who has the inspection, conduct, or management of certain affairs; also the name of a governor in France.

INTENDMENT (Law) intention, as applied to criminal actions.

INTE'NSION (Phil.) or intensity, the degree or rate of the power or energy of any quality, as remission is decrease, or diminution. INTENTION (Med.) that judgment or particular method of cure which a physician forms to himself from a due examination of symptoms.

INTENTIONE (Law) a writ against one who enters after the death of a tenant, and holds another out in the remainder or reversion. F. N. B. 203.

INTER canem et lupum (Law) words formerly used in appeals to signify the crime being done in the twilight. Inter. Plac. de Trin. 7 Ed. 1, Rot. 42; Glouc. Plac. Cor. apud Nov. Castrum. 24 Ed. 6, Rot. 6. INTE'RCALARY (Chron.) in the Greek ßós; an epithet for any portion of time which is taken into the year to adjust it to the course of the sun, as the odd day inserted in the leap-year.

INTERCALARY days (Med.) those days during the course of a distemper in which nature is excited to throw off her load unseasonably, as the 3d, 5th, 9th, 13th, and 19th. INTERCALATION (Chron.) the putting in a day in any month, as in the month of February in leap-year. INTERCE'DENT (Med.) or Intercedental Day, an extraordinary critical day, caused by the violence of the dis

order.

TO INTERCEPT (Math.) a term applied to whatever is comprehended between two given points.

INTERCEPTED Axis (Conic) or Diameter, the same as Absciss.

INTERCE'SSIO (Ant.) the interference of a tribune of the Roman people, to prevent the passing of a law in the senate, which was commonly done by the single word

veto.

Varr. apud Gell. 1. 14; Cic. de Leg. 1. 3, c. 9; Dionys. 1. 8, 10, &c.; Liv. 1. 7, c. 17; Ascon. in. Cic. INTERCI'SI Dies (Ant.) a sort of half holidays among the Romans, one part of which was allotted to business and the other to religion. Varr. de Ling. Lat. 1. 5, c. 4. INTERCOLUMNIA'TION (Archit.) the distance or space between the pillars of a building. [vide Architecture, and Plate No. III. (11)]

INTERCOMMÒNING (Law) the feeding of cattle promiscuously on two adjoining commons.

INTERCO'STAL (Anat.) μσoñλsúptos, intercostalis, from inter, between, and coste, ribs; an epithet for any thing that lies between the ribs, as the-Intercostal Arteries, which run between the ribs.-Intercostal Muscles, which are divided into the Intercostales externi et interni, which are both now supposed to serve the office of raising the ribs during respiration; but in the opinion of Galen and the ancients, the external intercostals served to raise, and the internal to depress, the ribs.-Intercostal Nerve, a nerve proceeding from the spinal marrow and spreading itself in the belly, through all the bowels. Gal. de Loc. Affect. 1. 5, c. 33.

INTERCOSTALIA (Anat.) proλsúpa, spaces between the ribs. Ruff. Ephes. 1. 1, c. 11.

INTERCURRENT FEVERS (Med.) those which happen at different periods of the year, in distinction from those which happen at certain seasons only.

INTERDENTIUM (Anat.) the intervals between teeth of

the same order.

INTERDICT (Law) a prohibition in the civil law, or the