this plan being the division between the livingroom and pantry, instead of between the livingroom and scullery, as in the other plans.

The plan No. 6 is given to show that a pretty good cottage with such accommodation as the present section refers to, may be made with a recess at the back instead of in the front of the cottage. This plan would be better than any of the preceding plans for cottages in rows.

The next two plans, No. 7 and No. 8, Plate III. have recesses both at the front and at the back. The outside shape of No. 7 is very similar to that of a plan pretty well known as Hine's plan, to which a prize was given some years ago by the Society of Arts; but the internal arrangement of this is very different. Hine's plan was comparatively a very good one, at the time it was published. In it the staircase was placed between the living-room and scullery; to which arrangement there are one or two apparently insuperable objections for a cottage which is to have three bedrooms distinct from one another, in consequence of which I have

not introduced it amongst the plans here given. This plan, No. 8, is partly taken from one sent to Leeds by Mr. Naden of Knowsley, and appears to me to be a compact and good cottage. It is, however, only adapted for a pair of cottages, to be attached by the longer side. It is evident that a pair of cottages on this plan cannot be attached by the short side, and it is hardly a good plan for a single cottage. In No. 8, I have given a somewhat similar plan with the entrance door in front, which is a better position for it; on the other hand, this plan is less convenient than No. 7, in having an additional winder in the staircase.

These two plans, No. 7 and No. 8, are very much improved by making a passage-room of the scullery. In that case the outer wall would be built as shown by the dotted lines, and what would then be the entrance doorway into the scullery is shown also by dotted lines. The extra space in the bedroom-floor may be made into a small closet, which is very useful; but any one who thinks it more desirable that the whole space

on the upper floor should be included in the bedrooms, may alter the plans so as to include this additional space, by lengthening the recessed part of the cottage about three feet, and then arranging the staircase so that the top step should not extend within the line of the walls of the body of the cottage. This can very easily be done in No. 8, and would be an improvement to the form of that cottage, for the recessed part might be made narrower, so as not to increase the space occupied by the ground plan; and this would give the pantry a better shape, and reduce the length of the passage. Another advantage of not making a passage distinct from the scullery, and building the walls as shown by the dotted lines is, that the cottage in this form admits of a simpler, and therefore less costly, kind of roof than would be required for it as drawn in plans No. 7 and No. 8; and, by altering the proportions of the livingroom, the plans may be drawn so as not to occupy a greater area of ground, and yet have a larger scullery, than these plans have. It will be

observed that the area occupied by these two plans is remarkably small as compared with the accommodation which they afford.

§ 2. Plans of Cottages with a Living-room, Scullery, and two upstairs Bedrooms.

No. 9 is a plan for cottages which have only two bedrooms in each of them. It is usually insisted on by those who have endeavoured to improve the dwellings of working men, that a labourer's cottage should not have less than three distinct and separate bedrooms; and this is no doubt generally true. It is to be hoped that the time is not far distant, when cottages will be generally built by a class of persons who can feel that they have other interests in providing decent cottages for their workmen, than merely the question of whether they will pay a good percentage upon the outlay; but, at present, a great many cottages are built every year with only two bedrooms in them, and there can be no reason why,

as long as they are so built, they should not be built upon such a plan as shall make them comfortable instead of the contrary. The plan No. 9 is well adapted for such a pair of cottages, and is as simple as it is possible for a cottage to be. It will be seen also, that by extending the partition which separates the upstairs closet from the stairs across the smaller bedroom, as shown by the dotted lines in the chamber plan, a tolerably good third room may be obtained, opening into the larger bedroom. There is no great objection to this in practice; indeed, I have occasionally heard it insisted on as being a desirable arrangement of the bedrooms. A cottage may thus be built with three bedrooms within four walls, and which, although not quite so good, will be cheaper than any of the foregoing plans. In fact I consider this to be the least objectionable arrangement of a cottage with three upstairs bedrooms within four walls, that can be made.

No. 10, Plate IV. is a slight variation from the last-mentioned plan, which provides a back and a