3-5 feet mostly smooth, red shales, a part sometimes green. 4-6 inches nodular limestone; fossils. 5-3 feet green shales. 6-Limestone equivalent to No. 15, of Lexington section. 7-25 feet to Missouri bottoms. One mile west of this, the limestone equivalent to section 173, No. 4, (21 of Lexington section), was observed ten feet above the bottoms, indicating the position of the Lexington coal just two feet below the line of their surface. At Smith's mill, three miles northeast of Richmond, the Lexington coal is reached in a shaft forty feet in depth. Its place is near the level of water in Crooked river, at Searcy's and Harberson's. Limestone No. 25, which forms the roof of the coal, is seen at many places on Crooked river, northeast of Richmond, and along the stream to two miles northwest of Richmond. The following (section 176), illustrating the rocks above the coal, was observed two miles north of Richmond, on Crooked river.. No. 1.—3 feet limestone, containing Fusulina, Producti, Crinoid stems, and chatetes milleporaceous. 2.-7 feet of limestone and shales, divided thus: a.—4 inches shales. In upper part hemipronites and chonetes abound. b.-4 inches limestone. g.-8 inches shales and lenticular forms of limestone. h.-3 feet blue shales; in upper part are found Spr. comeratus, P. punctatus and Athyris. 3.-4 feet blue limestone; upper 9 inches shaly. 4.-6 inches black shales. 5.-Coal. J. S. Hughes' coal mines are located one mile south of Richmond, on south-west quarter of section thirty-one, township fifty-two, range twentyseven, on line of St. Joseph branch of Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific railway. Their shaft is ninety-five feet deep from the surface. From the bot tom, entries extend east and west for over five hundred feet, the coal varying from twenty-two to twenty-eight inches in thickness, including the top five or six inches of good coal, then one to two and a half inches dark clay resting on good coal. The overlying bituminous shale is generally two to four inches thick; only at one place on the river was it observed one foot thick. It contains calcareous matter, with some fossil remains. The underlying clay is one foot to eighteen inches thick, thus giving a clear space between the cap-rock and bed-rock of four feet three inches to four feet six inches, or enough room for small mules to work. The following is a section of his shaft, which is located on the southwest quarter of section thirty-one, township fifty-two, range twenty An analysis of this coal by Mr. Chauvenet, gives:— 4 5 2 3 in. 66 3 " 1 foot, 6 " .95 feet. mines, on the railroad, two and a * the * from drifts run in horizontally for several hundred feet. coal is taken out The coal is two feet thick, with a two inch clay seam five inches from the top. The over lying bituminous shale is about four inches thick, and the under clay one foot, making quite a limited space between the roof and floor. An analysis of the coal, by Mr. Chauvenet, gives: The North Missouri mines * * * * are at the lower end of Camden. The shaft is sixty feet deep and the platform sixteen feet above the railroad track. From the bottom entries are extended in various directions: 280 yards north, 500 northwest, 190 west, and 100 east. The coal, nineteen to twenty-one inches thick, is black, brilliant, with a little clay three inches from the top, and a few knife edges of iron pyrites in the upper part. The lower one inch is shaly, with three inches black under clay resting on fire-clay. The coal is jointed, with calcite plates in the joints. In the bed of the ditch below the railroad, opposite the shaft, are thin beds of limestone, equivalent to No. 23 (three feet shales and thin beds of limestone abounding in Ch. Smithii (?) and containing Spr. cameratus, Pr. costatus, Hemipronites crassus and Athyris subtilita) of Lexington section, some of them forming very pretty slabs, covered with fossils, viz: Hemipronites crassus, chonetes, producti, etc. A few feet above it is limestone corresponding to No. 21 of Lexington section; the top of the latter being twenty-one feet below the mouth of the shaft, indicating the position of the coal to be quite low. SECOND RAY COUNTY MINES. These mines, about one-quarter of a mile above the north Missouri mines, and also on the railroad, are owned by Thomas Collins. The shaft is fifty feet deep. From the top of the shaft to the railroad track is twenty feet. The driftings extend far into the hill. Intersecting them is a passage for ventilation, which terminates at an air shaft near the main shaft, and seems to give thorough ventilation. Coal measured at various places in these mines was eighteen, twenty-two, twenty-three and twentyfour inches; average, about twenty-three. From one to one and one-half feet of bituminous shales on top, and one to two feet of fire-clay beneath; an average of about four and a half feet between bed-rock and cap-rock. The height of main entry is four feet near its mouth, and farther in, three feet. Cap-rock, seven to eight feet thick. A very fair coke was made from Collins' coal, of which the following is the analysis by Mr. Chau The shafts at Camden are sunk from a terrace on the hillside. A quarter of a mile above Collins' mines, the Lexington coal is seen, near the grade of the railroad, having risen thirty feet from Collins' shaft. This may explain the fact of more water being in the north Missouri mines than in the second Ray county mines, the water passing between the eastward dipping strata, from the second Ray county to the north Missouri mines. A little farther west, I observed cropping out in a gully, nine feet nine inches below the railroad, three feet of ash blue limestone, referable to No. 32 (fifteen inches limestone; pyritiferous; color blue; hard; one bed; shelly on top; contains small univalves on the surface,) of Lexington section, and resting on four feet of slate and shale, with six inches of coal. below. One hundred and fifty feet west, the coal is five feet above the railroad, and for the next three hundred feet the rise is four feet. A quarter of a mile west of Camden the rocks dip about one in twelve. Eight hundred and twenty feet farther, a shaft sunk forty feet struck limestone, No. 21. of Lexington section, indicating a dip of fifty-eight feet in eight hundred and twenty feet, or one to fourteen. SWANWICK SHAFT. The shaft of Thomas Huyson is eighty-six feet deep to top of coal, of which he furnishes me the following: No. 1-Surface. 46 feet. No. 2-Shaly sandstone, red, blue and gray. 40 feet. No. 3-16 feet of red shales. No. 4-6 feet being layers of sandstone separated by soft blue clay. No. 5-22 feet blue slate. No. 6-4 feet rock (reported flint). No. 8-4 to 5 feet impure limestone. No. 10-6 to 18 inches under clay. No. 11-6 to 8 feet hard limstone. The slate over the coal is almost entirely wanting here; the limestone generally resting directly on the coal, but the under-clay correspondingly thickens a fortunate provision of nature-as,o therwise there would not be room enough to mine. The section from hill top here is the following: No. 1-5 feet slope. No. 2--4 feet limestone, weathering brown, and ringing under the hammer; mntains Athyris, Spr. cameratus, chatetes milleporaceus and Crinoid stems. No. 3-8 feet slope. No. 4-2 feet of rough, nodular limestone; weathers with a ferruginous crust, and contains many remains of fossils. No. 5.-124 feet sloping gently to top of shaft. Around the hill and associated with limestone (probably the same as No. 4), I found amber-colored crystals of heavy spar; also a little iron ore. In the limestone I observed Spr. Kentuckensis and Spr. lineatus. Section 178 is seen one mile northwest of Richmond. No. 1-3 feet bluish-drab, rough looking limestone, weathering drab. No. 2-8 feet slope. No. 3-Tumbled masses of fine-grained, dove-colored limestone. No. 4100 feet. Less than 40 feet below the top abounds soft brown sandstone. At 50 feet are tumbled masses of gray limestone. No. 5-Red shales. No. 6-About 45 feet to the Lexington coal. The upper members of the section can be compared with the Swanwick section. An analysis of the Swanwick coal by Mr. Chauvenet, gives: Color of ash-light brown, white, nearly white. The Swanwick coal is remarkable for a large percentage of water. It does not coke well. Ash-blue limestone, which may be hydraulic, abounds two miles northeast of Richmond, and similar rocks are found at most of the coal banks. near Richmond and Camden. Paint Stuffs.—About fifty feet above the Lexington coal in Lafayette and Ray counties is found about five or six feet of light-red shales streaked with green; and also at Lexington, at several places near Richmond, and on the Missouri bluffs near the east county line of Ray county. The above are pure red ochre clays and will make a good dark-red paint. At Hughes' mines, near Richmond, sulphuret of zinc occurs in limestone overlying the coal. The south and east boundary of the upper coal measures is as follows: Entering the state near the southwest part of Cass county, passing eastwardly, near Harrisonville, thence, northeast across the mounds between Big Creek and Camp branch, thence northeast to the middle of township forty-six, range twenty-nine, thence north to Chapel Hill in Lafayette county, thence via Oak Grove and Pink Hill, Jackson county, to Blue Mills or Owens landing on the Missouri river. Crossing the river the line passes down to the vicinity of Albany, Ray county, thence it trends off to the north part of Ray county and the line of Caldwell and Livingstone counties, thence northwardly along the ridge on the west side of |