lamp previously standardized by a method already described by one of the authors in conjunction with General Festing. In the first two methods the photometer-screen was fixed, the intensity of the comparison-light being adjusted by one of Varley's carbon resistances; in the third the glow-lamp was maintained at a constant brightness, the position of the screen being adjusted along a graduated photometer bar, as in the ordinary Bunsen method. Full details of the construction of the several pieces of apparatus are given in the original paper. The observations during the eclipse were made at Hog Island, a small islet at the south end of Grenada, in lat. 12 o' N. and long. 61° 43′ 45" W., with the assistance of Captain Archer and Lieutenants Douglas and Bairnsfather of H.M.S. Fantôme. The duration of totality at the place of observation was about 230 seconds, but measurements were possible only during 160 seconds, at the expiration of which time the corona was clouded over. A careful discussion of the three sets of measurements renders it almost certain that the corona was partially obscured by haze during the last 100 seconds that it was actually visible. Selecting the observations made during the first minute, which are perfectly concordant, the authors obtain six measurements of the photometric intensity of the coronal light at varying distances from the sun's limb, from which they are able to deduce a first approximation to the law which connects the intensity of the light with the distance from the limb. The observations with the integrating apparatus made independently by Lieutenants Douglas and Bairnsfather, agree very closely. It appears from their measurements that the total light of the corona in the 1886 eclipse was In comparing these observations with those made during the 1878 eclipse, it must be remembered that the conditions of observation on the two occasions were widely different. The observations in the West Indies were made at the sea's level, in a perfectly humid atmosphere and with the sun at no greater altitude than 19°. Prof. Langley, in 1878, observed from the summit of Pike's Peak in the Rocky Mountains at an altitude of 14,000 feet, in a relatively dry atmosphere and with the sun at an altitude of 39°. From observations on the transmission of sunlight through the earth's atmosphere (Abney, Phil. Trans., A, clxxviii (1887), 251) one of the authors has developed the law of the extinction of light, and, by applying the necessary factors, it is found that the intensity of the light during the 1886 eclipse, as observed at Grenada, is almost exactly half of that of which would have been transmitted from a corona of the same intrinsic brightness when observed at Pike's Peak. Hence to make the observations of Prof. Langley comparable with those of the authors, the numbers denoting the photometric intensity of the corona in 1878 must be halved. The result appears, therefore, that whereas in 1878 the brightness of the corona was o'0305 of a standard candle at a distance of I foot, in 1886 it was only o'0124 of a candle at the same distance. Several of the observers of the West Indian eclipse (including one of the authors) were also present at the eclipse of 1878, and they concur in the opinion that the darkness during the 1886 eclipse was very much greater than in that of 1878. The graduations on instruments, chronometer faces, &c., which were easily read in 1878, were barely visible in 1886. In explanation of this difference in luminous intensity it must not be forgotten that the 1878 eclipse was not very far removed from a period of maximum disturbance, whereas in 1886 we were approaching a period of minimum disturbance. PARIS. Academy of Sciences, August 6.-M. Janssen, President, in the chair.-Fresh experiments on the fixation of nitrogen by certain vegetable soils and plants, by M. Berthelot. These researches, made with three different kinds of argil. laceous soil and with plants of the leguminous family, fully confirm the results of previous studies. The fundamental fact that both plants and soil absorb nitrogen under the most diverse conditions is now placed beyond all reasonable doubt. So certain does the author consider this conclusion, that he declines all further discussion on the subject of certain recent negative experiments carried out under defective condi tions. On a recent change in the views of meteorologists rez ing gyratory movements, by M. H. Faye. The auth c. that the new school of meteorologists, represented by MeLoomis, Meldrum, and Douglas Archibald see Nar June 14, p. 149), shows a tendency to accept his conclusion certain points at issue. These authorities already admit :.. cyclonic movements originate, not on the surface of the as had long been contended, but in the higher atmos regions, a position irreconcilable with their hypothesis ascending, but in full accordance with M. Faye's vie descending motion.-Summary of the solar observation at the Royal Observatory of the Collegio Romano duri second quarter of 1888, by M. P. Tacchini. These observ. show an increase of the solar spots in May and June, and protuberances in April. The general inference is that th tion between these two orders of phenomena is less y than might be supposed from previous observations. —Ea z apparatus for studying the friction of fluids, by M. M. C. This method, differing from those of Coulomb and Po hitherto employed, is based on the principle indicated le | Margules in 1881 (Wiener Berichte, 2nd series, vol. 1 588). It has the advantage of controlling Navier's the ti very thin tubes and slow discharge, and of operating on g constant pressure.-On levulose, by MM. E. Jungleis à L. Grimbert.-On the malonates of potassa and i G. Massol.-On the hydrates of methane and ethylene. Villard. On experimental tetanus, by M. Rietsch —MA Schulten describes a process by which he has succee led in ducing the crystallized anhydrous sulphates of cadmium an ... (artificial zincosite); and M. A. Poincare shows how ar *་ duced the barometric movements corresponding to the net ment of the moon in declination. The present number the text of the address delivered by the President, M. Jate .. the unveiling of the monument raised by the city of Deary the memory of General Meusnier on July 29, 1888. BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, and SERIALS RECEIVED Nature and the Bible: J. Davis, 2nd edition (Houlston) — Earth A ledge, Part 2: W. J. Harrison and H. R. Wakefield (Black) )-Imentary Geometry of Conics: C. 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