• an Object of political Jealousy. — Revisits Spain. – How received. –

Returns to Mexico with diminished Power. — Discovers California. –

Consumes his Fortune in fruitless Expeditions. – Returns to Spain. –

His African Campaign. — Neglected by the Court.— His Death. Page 53

CHAP. VI.

CONQUEST of PERU.

New Efforts of the Spaniards. – Combination of Pizarro, Almagro, and

Luque, – First Attempt of Pizarro on Peru. – His Failure. —Succeeds

in visiting that Country. — His Negotiations in Spain. – Invades Peru.

—Seizes the Inca. — The Spaniards obtain an immense Treasure. — The

Inca put to Death. — Almagro invades Chili. — Sufferings of the

Spaniards. – Revolt of the Peruvians.— Civil War between Almagro and

Pizarro. — Almagro defeated and put to Death. — Valdivia penetrates to

the Southern Borders of Chili...— Extraordinary Journey of Vadillo. –

Benalcazar conquers Quito. – Expedition of Alvarado. – Gonzalez Pi-

zarro marches in search of the Cinnamon Country. — Difficulties of the

March. — Gonzalez reaches the Cinnamón Country, and rashly explores

towards the East. — Sufferings of the Expedition. – Francisco de Orel-

lana embarks on the Maragnon. — Descends that River to the Ocean. –

He propagates Stories of El Dorado and Nations of Amazons. – Fate of

Orellana. – Return of Gonzalez Pizarro to Quito. – Rebellion of Al-

magro's Party. — Death of Francisco Pizarro. - - - 69

CHAP. VII.

CONQUESTS OF THE SPANIARDS.

Brazil neglected by the Portuguese. — Diogo Alvarez shipwrecked on the

Shores of that Country; spared by the Savages, and becomes a Cacique.

– Visits Europe, and returns to Brazil. – Colony of Janeiro founded. –

Sebastian Cabot explores the River La Plata. — Ascends the Parana. –

Pedro de Mendoza founds the City of Buenos Ayres. – Ayoles ascends

the River Paraguay, and crosses the Mountains to Peru. – Yrala com-

pletes his Discovery. — Narvaez undertakes the Conquest of Florida. –

Penetrates to Apalachan. — His calamitous Retreat. — Adventures of

his Treasurer, Alvaro Nunez. – The Savages shocked at the Cannibalism

of the Spaniards. – Alvaro turns Merchant and Physician to the Indians.

–Travels from Florida to Mexico. — Florida bestowed on Fernando de

Soto. – His unhappy Fate. — Alvaro Nunez made Governor of La Plata

– His Journey from the Coast to the Parana. – Calamitous Termination

of his Command. — Journey of Marcos de Nizza to Civola. – Expedition

of Alarchon and Coronado in search of the Seven Cities. – Their disap-

pointment. —Supposed Invention of a Steam Ship by Garay. — Rapid

Decline of Energy in the Spanish Colonies. - - - - 86

CHAP. VIII.

conquests of The Portuguese.

Policy of Portugal with respect to its Conquests in India. —Cabral de

spatched with a Fleet. — Discovers Brazil. — Fate of Bartholomew Diaz
—Success and Return of Cabral. — Juan de Nova discovers Ascension

Island and St. Helena. — Second Voyage of De Gama. – He discovers the

Seychelles. – Vincent Sodrez visits the Red Sea. – Expedition under

Francisco de Albuquerque. — The Portuguese obtain a Footing at Co-

chin. — Almeyda the first Viceroy. — His Successes and melancholy End.

—Victories of Alfonso de Albuquerque. — He takes Goa, Calicut, Ma-

lacca, and Ormuz. – His Death. — Discovery of the Isles of Tristan

d’Acunha, – of Sumatra, and of Madagascar. — First Visit to Ceylon. –

Serrano discovers the Moluccas. – A Colony founded there by De Britto.

—Trade established with China. – Misfortune of the Ambassador Pe-

reira. - - - - - - Page 102

CHAP. IX.

FERDIN AND MENDEZ PINTO.

First Adventures of Mendez Pinto. — He goes to India. — Visits Abys-

sinia. – Carried in Chains to Mocha. —Sold as a Slave. — Ransomed, and

goes to Goa. — Sent as Ambassador to the Battas. – Wonders of Su-

matra. – He proceeds to Aaru. – Shipwrecked and captured. – His Mi-

sery.— Redeemed, and goes to Patana. — Attacked by Pirates. – His

Escape. — Turns Pirate. — Captures a Bride. — Wrecked on Pirates’

Island. – Singular Deliverance. — Death of Coja Acem. – Sails in search

of Calempluy. — Adventures during the Voyage. — Wrecked.— Sent a

Prisoner to Nankin. – Remarks on the Chinese. — Proceeds to Pekin.

— Meets with Christians. – Condemned to labour at Quansy. —Tatar

Invasion. – How treated by the Tatars. – Reaches Cochin-China. –

Joins a Pirate. — Cast away on Japan. — Cures the King of Bungo's Son.

— Dismissed. — Wrecked on the Great Lequio. – Condemned to Death.

— Saved by the Compassion of the Women. — Mission to Pegu and Ava.

— The Idol Tinagoogoo. — Pinto turns Jesuit. – Remarks on his His-

tory. - '- - - - - - 116

CHAP. X.

VOYAGES TO THE NORTH.

Voyages of Sebastian Cabot. — First Discovery of Newfoundland. – The

Cortereals. – Voyages of the French. — Canada. – First Expeditions of

the English. — Attempts to find a North-East Passage. — Fate of Sir

Hugh Willoughby. — Richard Chancelor goes to Moscow. — His Recep-

tion. – Steven Borough reaches the Strait of Waigatz. – Frobisher sails

to discover the North-Western Passage. — Friesland. – Brings home

some Esquimaux. — Supposed Gold Ore. — His second Voyage. — His

Ships laden with the Ore. — He sails a third Time to plant a Colony. –

Failure of the Attempt. — Voyage of Sir Humphrey Gilbert. – Ships

provided with Amusements. – He fixes a Colony in Newfoundland. –

Proceeds on Discovery, and perishes. - - - 136

CHAP. XI.

WOYAGES. To The North.

Voyages of John Davis. – Result of his Researches. – He believes in the

Existence of a North-West Passage. — Northern Expeditions of the
Dutch. – Voyages of William Barentz. – Cornelison passes the Strait of

Waigatz. – Barentz reaches the Northern Extremity of Nova Zembla.

— Description of the Walrus. – Second Voyage of Barentz. — Inform-

ation received from the Samoyeds. – Third Voyage. —Spitzbergen and

Cherry Island discovered. – Barentz and his Crew winter in Nova Zem-

bla. - Their Sufferings. – Extraordinary Refraction. — Death of Ba-

rentz, and Voyage of the Crew in open Boats. – Attempts of the Danes

to explore Greenland. — Voyages of James Hall. — Fate of Hall and of

Knight. — Henry Hudson. — He makes Observations on the Dip of the

Needle. – His Voyage towards the Pole.—Second Voyage. — Place of the

Magnetic Pole. — A Mermaid described. – Third Voyage. — Discovers

Hudson's River. — Fourth Voyage. — Sails to the West. – Enters Hudson's

Bay. — Narrative of his Proceeding. — Mutiny of the Crew. – Hudson

and the sick Men turned adrift. – Return of the Mutineers. Page 152

CHAP. XII.

wox AGES TO THE North.

Voyage of Sir Thomas Button. – Reaches the Western Shore of Hudson's

Bay. – Winters in Nelson's River. — His Ability as a Commander. —

Gibbons attempts to follow up his Discoveries. – Voyage of Bylot and

Baffin. — Skill of the latter in the Science of Navigation. — Their Second

Voyage. — Instructions given them. – Discover Baffin's Bay. – Extra-

ordinary Variation of the Compass. – Extent of their Navigation. — Com-

mencement of the North Sea Fishery. — Voyages of Steven Bennet. —

Cherry Island taken possession of by the Muscovy Company. — Whale

Fishery begins.—Voyages of James Poole. — Mayen's Island discovered.

— Baffin's Observations. – Voyages of Fox and James. – Reports of Ca-

nadian Hunters. — First English Settlement made in Hudson's Bay. —

Hudson's Bay Company incorporated. – Wood's Voyage to Nova Zembla.

—Unfortunate Expedition of Knight to Hudson's Bay. — Voyage of Cap-

tain Middleton. —Controversy between Dobbs and Middleton. — Reward

proposed by Government for the Discovery of a North-West Passage. 168

CHAP. XIII.

set TLEMENTS IN THE EAST.

Journey of Jenkinson to Bokhara. — Description of Astracan. — Timur Sul-

tan. — Manners of the Turkmans. – Bladebone Divination.— Bokhara.

– Trade of the Caspian. — Trade of Venice with the East. — The English

engage in the Levant Trade.—Journey of Fitch and Newbery to India.

– First Voyage from England to India by the Cape of Good Hope. —

Unfortunate Result. – East India Company incorporated. —Successful

Voyage of Lancaster. — Middleton sails to the Moluccas. – An Ambas-

sador sent to the Great Mogul. – East India Trade of the Dutch. —

They supplant the Portuguese in Japan. — Vanderhagen's Expedition. —

Adventures of William Adams, – He builds a Ship for the Emperor of

Japan. — His Interest at Court. – Not allowed to depart. — Favours the

Dutch. – His Letter. — Captain Saris arrives at Japan. — His Descrip-

tion of that Country. — The Emperor's Letter to the King of England.—

Termination of the English Trade with Japan. — Dutchmen wrecked on
Corea. — Their Adventures. – Escape. —Their Description of the Coun.

try. — Voyages of the French to the East. — Pirard de Laval wrecked on

the Maldives. – His Account of those Islands. – His Dream and fortu-

nate Liberation. - - - - - Page 186

CHAP. XIV.

SETTLEMENTS IN North AMERICA.

Success of the Newfoundland Fishery.—Rapid Increase of English Ship-

.

ping. – Patent granted to Sir Walter Raleigh. – Voyage of Amadas and

Burlow. — They discover Wokoken Island. – Trade with the Natives. –

Virginia. — Colony planted by Sir Richard Greenville. – The Coast ex-

plored. – The Colonists suffer from Want. – Return home with Sir

Francis Drake. — Second Colony. — Its Fate. — Third Colony. — Perishes

from Want. — Raleigh's Plans of Conquest. — El Dorado. – He takes

Trinidad. — Ascends the Orinoco. – Falls of Caroli. – Intercourse with

the Natives. – Result of the Expedition. – Virginia again explored. –

Colony established at James-Town. — Adventures of Captain Smith. –

Taken by the Indians.—His Life saved by the Princess Pocohontas. –

She marries Mr. Rolfe. — Comes to England. – Her Death. – Lord De-

laware appointed Governor. — The Summers’ Islands taken possession

of - Cultivation of Tobacco. – New Plymouth founded by the Brown-

ists. – Voyage of Cartier to the St. Lawrence. — He ascends the River

to Montreal. — Sufferings of his Crew. – His Return. — French Co-

lonies. - - - - - - - 204

CHAP. XV.

ESTABLISHMENTS IN AFRICA.

Exclusive Trade of Portugal to Africa. – Voyages of Windham and Lok.

Success of Lok. — Adventures of Andrew Battel. – Taken Prisoner by

the Portuguese. — Carried to Angola. – Trades for the Governor. —

Attempts to Escape – Detected and Imprisoned. – Sent to Massingano'

— Escapes. – His Journey. – Retaken. —Sent to Elembo. – Wounded

in Battle. – The Portuguese trade with the Giagas. – Follow them up

the Country. — Battel left as a Hostage. —Threatened with Death. —

Escapes to the Giagas. – Returns to Massingano.— Peace with England.

– Battel's Dismissal refused. — He deserts the third Time.—Betakes

himself to the Woods. – Lake Kasansa. – He builds a Boat, and reaches

the Sea. – Picked up. – Returns home.— Mission to the Giagas.- Their

Atrocities.— Zingha embraces Christianity. – English Senegal Company.

- Thompson ascends the Gambia. – His Death. – Voyage of Jobson. —

Conference with Buckar Sano. — Accounts of Timbuctoo. – The silent

Traffic. — French Companies.—Jannequin's Travels.- Brue ascends the

Senegal. – Receives Intelligence of the Gold Trade. - Compagnon visits

Bambouk. - Remissness of the Portuguese. - - - 223

CHAP. XVI.

YoYAGEs To THE souTH SEA.

A Voyage of Alcazava. – He sends to explore the Interior of Patagonia.-

Mutiny of the Crew. – Failure of the Expedition. —Voyage of Camargo.
- Perseverance of Ladrillero. – Discoveries of Villalobos. – He attempts

to fix a Colony at the Philippines. – New Guinea. – Legaspi despatched

to the Philippines. – Voyage of Urdaneta. — Discoveries of Juan Fer-

mandez. – New Zealand. – First Voyage of Mendana.-He discovers the

Salomon Islands.-Second Voyage. — The Marquesas and Queen Char-

lotte's Isles discovered. — Sir Francis Drake. — He beholds the South Sea

from the Isthmus of Darien.— Bold Attempt of John Oxnam. – His un-

fortunate End. — Drake's Expedition. — The Patagonians. – Execution

of Doughtie. — Voyage through the Straits of Magellan. — Drake driven

far to the South. – His Successes on the Coast of Peru. – Takes a Ship

laden with Treasure. — Seeks a Passage by the North. – Reaches a high

Latitude. — New Albion.—The Country ceded to Drake. — He sails to

the Moluccas. – Is well received by the King of Ternate. – Crab Island.

– Narrow Escape.—Safe Return of Drake. — How received at home. —

— Adventures of William Carver. - - Page 241

"CHAP. XVII. a --- -

VOYAGES TO THE SOUTH SEA,

Remarks on Drake's Voyage round the World.— Its Celerity.—Discoveries.

— Sarmiento surveys the Straits of Magellan. – Proposes to fortify them.

— Expedition for that Purpose. — Its Sufferings. – San Felipe founded.

— Its speedy Ruin. —Expedition of Sir Thomas Candish – He passes the

Strait. — His Success. – Captures the St. Anne. — Voyage home. — His

Observations. – His Death. – The Dutch turn their Attention to the

Trade with India. – Expedition of Van Noort. — Account of the Magel-

lamic Tribes. – The Ladrones. – Return of Van Noort. – Voyage of

Verhagen's Fleet. – Struggles of De Weert. – Remarkable Voyage of

Quiros. – Discovers many Islands. – Sagittaria or Otaheite. – Island of

Handsome People. – Taumaco. — Information received from the Natives.

He discovers Australia del Elspiritu Santo.— His Exultation.—He applies

to the King. — His Death. – Discoveries of Torres. – He coasts New

Guinea. — New Holland seen. — Expedition of Spilbergen. — Account of

the Patagonians. – His Success. – Voyage of Schouten and Le Maire. —

Its Origin. — Discovery of Cape Horn. — Tyranny of the Dutch East

India Company. — The Nodals survey Tierra del Fuego, and complete

the Circumnavigation of South America. - - - 258

CHAP. XVIII.

voy AGES IN THE PACIFIC, AND Discow ERY OF AUSTRALIA.

The Straits of Anian. — Discoveries ascribed to Urdaneta. — Depositions

of Ladrillero and Martin Chack. — Fabulous Voyage of Maldonado. -

Expedition of Juan de Fuca. — Vindication of his Voyage. — Voyage of

De Fonte. — He discovers the Archipelago of St. Lazarus. - Enters Lake

Velasco.— Proceeds to Lake Belle. – Descends a River. — Arrives at the

Atlantic. — Bernardo explores the Sea of Tatary. — Viscayno surveys

California. — Aguilar arrives at the River of Quivira. -Secrecy of th

Spaniards. – First Discovery of New Holland. —Voyage of Hertoge. -

Edels, De Nuytz, and Carpenter. — New Holland known early to the

Portuguese.—Expedition of Abel Tasman — He discovers Van Diemen's