The Life of John, Duke of Marlborough, with Some Account of His ... - Archibald Alison - Google Bøker

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71. Patriotic conduct of Godolphin and Marlborough on this occasion,

72. Consternation of the Whigs, and new ministry,

73. Decision of Marlborough on this crisis,

74. Sacheverell's triumphant progress through the country,

75. Parliament is dissolved, and the Tories get a decided majority,

76. Paltry difficulties thrown in the way of the completion of Blenheim,

77. Attempts to gain over Marlborough to the Tories,

164

78. Ungrateful reception of Marlborough by the ministers and the country,

79. Dismissal of the Duchess of Marlborough,

80. Marlborough with great reluctance withholds his intended resignation,

81. Causes of the fall of the Whig administration,

82. Great achievements of Marlborough down to this time,

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DEATH OF THE EMPEROR JOSEPH AND

ACCESSION OF CHARLES TO THE EMPIRE. · CAMPAIGN OF 1711.- MARLBOROUGH

PASSES VILLARS' LINES. SIEGE AND FALL OF BOUCHAIN. FRESH DISASTERS

IN SPAIN. SECRET NEGOTIATIONS OF THE ENGLISH MINISTRY WITH LOUIS.

TREATY OF UTRECHT.- - MARLBOROUGH'S CONDEMNATION OF IT, AND DISMISSAL

FROM THE COMMAND.-UNJUST AND INVIDIOUS PERSECUTION OF HIM.-DISASTERS

IN FLANDERS, AND TREATY OF RASTADT. MARLBOROUGH

FOR THE CONTINENT.

1. Proof which Marlborough's fall afforded of his greatness,

2. Commencement of the campaign of 1710 in Spain, and defeat of Philip,

3. Entry of Charles into Madrid, and his cold reception there,

4. Efforts of Philip, and precarious situation of Charles at Madrid,

5. Arrival of Noailles at Valladolid, and great efforts of the Spaniards,

6. Divisions, and irresolution on the part of Charles at Madrid,

7. The Portuguese government refuse to allow their troops to succour

8. Vigorous measures of the French, and retreat of Charles from Madrid,

9. Advance of Philip towards Madrid and Almarez,

10. Attack on Stanhope's division at Brihuerga, which is forced to capitu-

11. Battle of Villa Viciosa, in which Vendôme is repulsed, and subsequent

disasters of the Allies,

12. Great disasters in the retreat,

13. Effects of these disasters on Marlborough, who lands in Holland,

14. Death of the Emperor Joseph, and election of Charles VI. as Emperor,

15. Great lines constructed by Villars,

17. Appearance of the Pretender in the French army,

18. Fatal separation of Eugene with his troops from Marlborough,

19. Villars avoids a battle by orders of Louis,

20. Who had begun a separate and secret negotiation with England,

21. Marlborough determines to pass the enemy's lines,

22. His project for achieving this,

30. Fall of Bouchain,

23. Preparations for executing it, and deceiving the enemy,

24. He passes the lines with entire success,

25. Extraordinary success thus gained,

26. Great fame earned by Marlborough by this exploit,

27. Opinion of Rousset on this success,

28. Commencement of the siege of Bouchain,

29. Interesting operations on both sides during its progress,

31. Reflections on this siege by a Hanoverian officer engaged in it, .

32. Ostensible preparations for war, and real secret negotiations for peace by

33. Conditions of the preliminaries which were agreed to,

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34. Infamous libels with which Marlborough is assailed by the Tories,

35. Malignant misrepresentations about the campaign of 1711,

36. Marlborough's letter to Oxford on these libels, .

37. Real object of the Tories in these attacks on Marlborough,

38. Charges brought against Marlborough of having embezzled public money, 205

39. Marlborough's decisive refutation of the charge,

40. Marlborough returns home deeply hurt at the clandestine accommodation, 207

41. Marlborough's noble speech in the House of Peers,

42. Resolution carried against ministers in the Peers,

43. Counter address carried in the Commons, and irresolution of the Queen,

44. Oxford dismisses Marlborough,

45. Universal joy among the enemies of England at these measures,

46. Marlborough's noble letter to the Queen on his dismissal,

47. Eugene's arrival in England, and noble conduct,

48. Machinations of the Tories to inflame the Queen against Marlborough,

49. Louis rises in his demands at Utrecht, which turns into a private treaty

between France and England,

50. Forces of the Allies and French in Flanders, and desperate situation of

51. The defection of Britain saves France,

52. Siege and capture of Quesnoy,

53. Universal indignation which the defection of England excites in the Allied

powers,

ib.

54. Eloquent speech of Lord Halifax against the Peace in the House of Peers, 223

55. Marlborough's speech in seconding the motion of Halifax,

56. The Ministers falsely declare the Allies to be parties to the negotiation,

57. Conditions of the Treaty of Utrecht,

58. Mournful separation of the English contingent from the Allies,

59. Great difficulties now experienced in the negotiation with France,

60. Landrecies is ineffectually besieged by Eugene,

61. Villars destroys the detachment at Denain,

62. Conclusion of the war between France and the Dutch at Utrecht,

63. Austria continues the struggle, and makes peace at Rastadt,

64. Increased virulence of the libels against Marlborough,

65. Renewed persecution against him in pecuniary affairs,

69. The grasping disposition of Marlborough and the Whigs was one chief

cause of his fall,

70. It was the previous revolts against the Crown which occasioned this dis-

trust in the Sovereign,

71. The same cause produced the grasping ambition of the Whigs,

72. Errors of the people at this crisis,

73. Faults of the Queen and the Tories at this crisis,

74. Moral lesson from subsequent events,

MARLBOROUGH'S BRILLIANT RECEPTION ON THE CONTINENT.-LOSES THE PRINCIPALITY

OF MINDELSHEIM.-HIS MEASURES TO SECURE THE HANOVERIAN SUCCESSION.-

COUNTER MEASURES OF BOLINGBROKE TO RESTORE THE STUARTS.-DEATH OF QUEEN

ANNE, AND ACCESSION OF GEORGE 1.-MARLBOROUGH IS APPOINTED COMMANDER-IN-

CHIEF. HIS WISE MEASURES DEFEAT THE REBELLION IN 1715.-IS STRUCK WITH

PALSY, AND RETIRES FROM PUBLIC LIFE. HIS DEATH AND CHARACTER.-PUBLIC

FUNERAL, AND HONOURS PAID TO HIS MEMORY.

6. Dissensions between Lady Masham and the Duchess of Somerset,

1. Marlborough's important share in securing the Hanoverian succession,

2. Marlborough is received with the highest honours on the Continent,

3. Base ingratitude of the Imperial court to him,

4. Continued malice against him at home,

5. Suspension of the building of Blenheim at the public expense,

7. And of Oxford and Bolingbroke in the cabinet,

8. Strange mixture of parties in the Houses of Parliament,

9. Contradictory measures of the Legislature in contemplation of a rupture,

10. Marlborough's conduct at this crisis,

11. Mission of Mr Harley to the court of Hanover,

12. Indecision of the court of Hanover, and death of the Electress Sophia,

13. Prudent conduct of the Elector at this crisis,

14. Dismissal of Oxford, and Bolingbroke intrusted with the formation of a
ministry,

15. Bolingbroke tries to form a ministry; and his measures to bring in

16. Counter measures of the Whigs; and death of the Queen,

17. Instantaneous measures of the Whigs to secure the succession,

18. Marlborough lands at Dover, and arrives in London,

19. Marlborough resolves to hold no political situation under the new govern-

20. George I. forms a Whig administration, and arrives in England,
21. Bolingbroke and Ormond are outlawed, and Oxford impeached,

265

266

23. Marlborough's prompt suppression of disaffection among the Guards,

24. Commencement of the Rebellion in Scotland in 1715,

25. The Earl of Mar raises the standard of rebellion at Braemar,

26. Marlborough's firm and prudent conduct on this crisis,

27. Extent of the insurrection and measures of the Government,

28. Early success of the insurgents,

29. Movements in the south of Scotland, and advance into England,

30. Advance of the insurgents to Preston, and their surrender there,

31. Advance of Mar to Sheriffmuir,

32. Commencement of the battle, and success of Argyle on his right,

33. Success of the insurgents on the right and in the centre,

34. Indecisive result of the battle, but which turns to the advantage of the

35. Argyle is superseded in the command by Cadogan,

36. Arrival of the Pretender in Scotland, and his reception at Scone,

37. Passing enthusiasm and real difficulties following on his arrival,

38. Re-embarkation of the Pretender, and suppression of the insurrection,

39. Conviction and sentence of Derwentwater, &c.,

41. Reflections on this subject, and impolicy of death for political crimes,

42. True way of dealing with such cases,

43. Treachery of the English Government to the Catalans,

44. Resolution and heroic efforts of the people,

45. Arrival of the Duke of Berwick, and forces of the besiegers,

46. Preparations on both sides for the siege, and opening of the trenches,

47. Progress of the siege,

48. Dreadful storm of the town,

49. Humanity of Berwick to the besieged, and termination of the War of the

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-56. Death of the Countess of Bridgewater and Countess of Sunderland,

57. Marlborough is struck with palsy, and his public life ended,

60. His place of interment in Westminster Abbey, and at last at Blenheim,

61. Marlborough's fortune and will, .

62. Descent of the title and estates, .

63. Anecdote of a descendant of Marlborough at the battle of Fontenoy,

66. His suavity of manners to all, and its great effects on the Alliance,

67. His humanity in war, and care of his soldiers, .

68. His equanimity when assailed by his enemies and dismissed from office,

70. False imputation against him of being adverse to peace and fond of money, 317

71. Subsequent life and death of the Duchess of Marlborough,

THE PEACE OF UTRECHT.

1. Moral character of the Duke of Marlborough's wars,

2. Opposite interests and causes for which the parties contended,

3. Magnitude of the danger which threatened Europe, if France had proved

4. Results which might have followed the triumph of France,

5. Opposite sides on political questions on which the parties were ranged,

similar to what afterwards occurred,

6. Yet fundamentally the Allies and France were in both cases ranged on the

7. Important difference in the parties by whom the war was opposed in the

times of Marlborough and of Napoleon,

12. Bolingbroke's account of its dangers,

8. State of the opposite parties in Great Britain since the Great Rebellion,

9. The union of parties had brought about the Revolution,

10. Dangers which flowed from the Revolution.

11. General terrors it excited in Great Britain,

13. General corruption which was induced in the country,

14. Bolingbroke's account of the general indignation at this demoralising

15. His alarming picture of its effect on public morals,

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16. Strong principles of freedom and loyalty in the English character,

17. Reaction of generous feelings in favour of the Tories in the advanced

period of the war,

18. Which distinctly appears in the votes and composition of the House of

19. Character of Bolingbroke,

20. His inconsistencies and faults,

21. Character of Harley, Earl of Oxford,

22. Swift and the Tory writers in the press,

23. Feelings and principles of the High Tories in regard to the war,

24. It was these causes which overturned Marlborough,

25. Great violations of moral rectitude in the mode of their attack on Marl-

26. What was the danger to be guarded against in the Peace,

27. The result has proved the Tories were wrong in their policy regarding it, 350

28. Disastrous effects and serious dangers to England which followed the leaving

a Bourbon on the Spanish throne,

29. Examples of this in later times,

30. These dangers have arisen solely from the Spanish alliance,

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