ENGLISH TO BE TURNED INTO LATIN.

Gerund in DI.

(We should check refutaremus) that license of scandalizing. I say these [things] for the sake of defending, not boasting [of him]. I speak (of the bent de impetu) of [his] mind, of [his] desire of conquering, of the ardour (of his mind mentis for ad) glory. But I will say nothing (by way causá) 01 comparison. To Milo [there was] no power of staying, not only was perf. [there] cause (for going exeundi), but even a necessity. The power of giving lands to his cut-throats.

Gerund in DO.

Idle [persons] are soon discouraged (from a) learning. Vice is nourished, and lives by being concealed. Seed is useful for sowing. It was not my design (to spend my fortunate leisure bonum otium conterére) in idleness and sloth, nor indeed intent (on employing my ume atatem agère) [in] cultivating land, or [in] hunting, [or in similar] servile offices. The mind of man is nourished by learning and thinking.

Gerund in DUM.

(I must govern my moderandum est mihi) tongue. I must live well. Ready to hear. We must pray (that we may have ut sit) a sound mind in a sound body. How many express pictures of the bravest men have the Greek and Latin writers left to us, not only (to contemplate ad intuendum), but also to imitate? Here, soldiers, [you] must conquer or die. But Antigonus delivered Eumenes [when] dead to his relations to be buried. The soldiers (dat.) (were at once autem simul erat et) [to] leap (from de) the ships, stand (in the water in fluctibus), and fight with the enemies.

Gerunds are elegantly turned into participles in Dus, agreeing with their substantives.

Aristides was chosen (to appoint qui constitueret) how much money every city should give (for ad) the building of fleets, and the raising of armies. And to these he gives (an order negotium) that unarmed they should go (pres. subj.) to Dion

*Here the gerund in di is followed by a genitive plural agrōrum, instead of agros the accusative. Obs. to GER. in DI.

(as if sic ut) they seemed (impf. subj.) to come for the sake (of speaking with him conveniendi ejus). Many (principal men principes) of the city fled [from] Rome, not (so much tam) for the sake (of their own preservation *sui conservandi as quam) of baffling thy designs. They chose that day (to ad) harass their enemies, and to free the city, on which (the chief maximi) magistrates were used (perf.) (to feast together simul epulāri). And (as quòd) the enemies (were not farther off than non longiùs aberant quam quò a dart might be thrown telum adjici posset), he gave the signal of beginning the battle. (The chief place summa) of command, and of managing the war, (was given permissa est) by common consent to Cassivellaunus. (He both executed et præstabat) the office (plur.) of a general (in drawing up in appellandis) and encouraging the soldiers; and of a soldier in the fight. Wherefore the labour in defending this [man] is particularly mine: (but the zeal studium verò) in preserving (gen.) the man (ought debebit) to be [in] common (to me and you mihi vobiscum). This [wretch] sent for the Gauls to overthrow the foundations of the republic, excited the slaves, called out Catiline, (commissioned Cethegus to murder us attribuit nos trucidandos Cethego), Gabinius to massacre (the rest of cæteros) the citizens, Cassius to burn the city; Catiline (to lay waste vastandam) and plunder (all totam) Italy.

ENGLISH TO BE TURNED INTO LATIN.

Supine in Uм.

(He went away abiit) to fish. They came to see. He went to walk. I exhort you to revenge [your] injuries. Chabrias, seeing that [thing,] (as cùm) he yielded (impf. subj.) in no

thing to Agesilaus, (going profectus) of his own accord (abl.) to help them, (commanded præfuit) the Egyptian fleet; Agesilaus (the land pedestribus) forces. He [Dionysius] gave Arete, the wife of Dion, (in marriage nuptum) to another. They go to destroy all good [men]. (I am hired conductus sum) to cook, not (to be beaten vapulatum). Why dost thou go to destroy thyself? When Olympias, who had been the mother of Alexander, had sent (subj.) letters and messengers into Asia (to ad) him, to consult whether she should come to recover Macedonia, (for she then dwelt in Epirus) and seize (impf. subj.) (the government eas res); he first advised her (not to stir ne se moveret), (but to wait et exspectāret till quoad) the son of Alexander should obtain the kingdom.

en.

Supine in v.

Thou wilt do what shall seem best to be done. A thing (horrid horrenda) to be related. The constitution is very difficult to be managed. (Nearly about ferè per) that time a thing happened to Cæsar's army incredible to be heard. It is necessary to be known. This is right (i: e. lawful) to be spok(It is wickedness nefas est) to be spoken. Úttering such [things], she filled (impf.) all the palace (lit. roof) with her groans (sing.), when a (prodigy monstrum), sudden and wonderful to be spoken of, arises! A monster horrid, enormous, to whom are (as many quot) plumes [as are in her] body, (so many tot) watchful eyes (beneath subter), wonderful to be spoken, so many tongues, (so many babbling mouths totidem ora sonant, she pricks up subrigit) so many ears. (Nay quin), they prefix (the very ipsa) heads of Nisus and Euryălus, miserable to be seen, on erect spears, and follow with much acclamation.

THE ENGLISH INFINITIVE.

The English infinitive is not always rendered by a Latin infinitive; for, after sum, the infinitive active is rendered in Latin by the future in rus; the infinitive passive, by the future in dus.

MODEL.

Darius was about to wage..

war.

Illatūrus bellum Dari

He is either to be taught us erat. Aut docendus or untanght. is est aut dedocendus.

EXERCISE 61.

*The verbs puto, existimo, spero, uspicor, &c. are often followed by fore or futurum esse; and esse is sometimes omitted.