Board of Health-Regulations -To Apply to Rural Localities. (Reg. Bd. of H., Feb.

26, 1913.)

Sanitary code amended by adding section 398 (b):

SECTION 398 (b). All regulations regarding stables, the storing of manure, garbag and refuse and the sanitation of places where animals are kept shall be equally app cable to rural localities, however isolated, as to neighborhoods, municipalities, towar and cities.

MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES, RULES, AND REGULATIONS PER

TAINING TO PUBLIC HEALTH.

ERIE, PA.

Milk and Cream-Bacteria Count. (Reg. Bd. of H., Aug. 7, 1912.)

SEC. 18. No milk or cream shall be offered for sale in the city of Erie showing a higher bacterial count than 100,000 bacteria per cubic centimeter, nor from a dairy the scoring rate of which is below 50 points.

Ice Cream-Manufacture and Sale of. (Reg. Bd. of H., Aug. 7, 1912.) SECTION 1. No buildings or rooms occupied as an ice-cream manufactory shall be located in the city of Erie unless the same be constructed with good cement floors properly connected with the sewer, smooth walls and ceilings constructed in such a manner as to allow of easy and frequent cleansing with water, such rooms to be well lighted and ventilated, having a room space of not less than 15 per cent of the floor space, all doors and windows to be thoroughly screened so as to exclude all animals, insects, and other vermin.

SEC. 2. The retail sale of ice cream on the streets of the city of Erie, except in closed packages, is hereby prohibited.

SEC. 3. The rules and regulations of the board of health of the city of Erie, governing "production, care, and sale of milk and cream" shall be construed as applying to the handling, manufacturing, and sale of all ice-cream products.

SEC. 4. The standard of ice-cream products sold in the city of Erie shall conform in every particular to the acts of assembly governing the production and sale of ice-cream products.

Stables, Construction and Maintenance-Manure, Care of. (Reg. Bd. of H., May 19, 1912.)

SECTION 1. No Owner, tenant, or lessee of any lot or lands in the city of Erie shall erect or maintain thereon within 20 feet of any public street, or any building used for residence purposes, any barn or stable for the keeping of horses, goats, cows, or other cattle, unless said barn or stable shall have water-tight floors and a proper connection with the public sewer of said city.

SEC. 2. All barns and stables and yards connected therewith shall be kept in a sanitary condition, and all manure and other refuse therefrom shall be kept, when deemed necessary by the board of health, in water-tight manure pits or boxes for that purpose, pits or boxes to be tightly covered or screened in such a manner as to completely exclude all animals, vermin, and insects, and from May 1 to October 1 not more than one wagon load of manure shall be allowed to accumulate at any private stable or two loads at any livery or boarding stable without permission of the board.

Buildings-Use of Dangerous or Insanitary Prohibited. (Reg. Bd. of H., Aug. 7, 1912.)

SECTION 1. No person or persons, firm or corporation shall occupy or maintain, r permit the occupancy or maintenance of any building or buildings within the city of Erie the use of which shall in any way be dangerous or detrimental to the lives or health of the tenants or occupants thereof, and such building or buildings may be, after a proper inspection, placarded as insanitary by any of the employees of the department and the tenants ordered to vacate, when in the judgment of the health officer such action is necessary.

Garbage and Refuse-Care and Disposal of. (Reg. Bd. of H., Aug. 7, 1912.)

SECTION 1. That for the purpose of collection, household wastes in this city shall be divided into two classes, garbage, which shall be held to include animal and vegetable kitchen and table refuse only and which shall be thoroughly drained and wrapped in paper before being placed in the can, and miscellaneous refuse, which shall include all rubbish other than garbage incident to the ordinary conduct of the household, but shall not include any grass, loam, ashes, or any other substance that may accumulate as a result of repairs to yards and dwellings or as a result of building operations. It is further provided that nothing in these rules and regulations shall be construed as to interfere with the business of collecting paper and rags, offal, bones. or other refuse from meat markets and slaughterhouses, or the carcasses of dead animals, any or all of which may be used for the manufacture of any marketable commodity.

SEC. 2. All housekeepers, boarding house keepers, hotel keepers, butchers, or storekeepers, keeping or offering garbage for collection shall provide for the storage of this garbage a water-tight metal receptacle, provided with two handles and a tightfitting cover and holding not more than 2 bushels. The container for miscellaneous refuse shall be of a size not too large to be handled conveniently by one man, and under no circumstances shall it have placed in it at any time, any material other than that above specified, said cans to be kept in a place easily accessible to the garbage col lectors, but never upon any street, alley, sidewalk, or other public place. And such receptacle shall be thoroughly cleaned after it has been emptied by the collector.

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Interments and Disinterments Preparation of Bodies for Burial or Transportation. (Reg. Bd. of H., Oct. 3, 1912.)

RULE 1. Disinterments.—(a) The removal of any dead body from its place of origina! interment is prohibited, unless the same be done under the direction and by permis sion of the board of health.

(b) Permits for disinterments.-Permits for disinterments will be issued upon application when the correct date of death is given and the same is verified from the books of this office. In all cases where the record can not be found or where the body has died of a contagious disease within 10 years, a permit will only be issued by special permission of the board.

(c) Fee for disinterment permits.-For all such permits a fee of 50 cents shall be paid to the health officer, except in case of removals in numbers from abandoned or closed cemeteries, when the board will fix a special price upon application: Provided, Tha' removals in numbers from abandoned or closed cemeteries shall not be permitted between April 15 and October 15.

(d) All permits to be returned.-All interment and disinterment permits must be inclosed within a schedule and returned to the bureau of health before 12 o'clock,

noon, on the Saturday of each week. Blank forms for this purpose will be furnished on application.

(e) Interments and disinterments to be made by daylight.-All interments and disinterments shall be made during daylight, and superintendents of burial grounds are prohibited from allowing any dead body to be removed from, or interred in, their respective grounds between sunset and sunrise.

() Disinterment permits good for 72 hours only.—All permits for disinterments from vaults or graves shall become void unless used within 72 hours after date of issue, and will only be issued between the hours of 9 a. m. and 4 p. m., on the regular days of business; on Saturdays from 9 a. m. to 12 m.

(g) The above rules apply as well to the removal of a body for the purpose of deepening graves.

(h) Graves containing smallpox cases not to be opened.-Graves containing the remains of any human being who died of smallpox must not be opened for any purpose within 10 years, except by special permission of the board.

RULE 2. Removals from one cemetery to another-Disinterred bodies-How shipped.— (a) In all cases of removal from one cemetery to another of the bodies of persons who have been buried in the ground, the coffin, casket or case containing such body must be placed, before its removal, in an outer box similar in all respects as described in rule 9; this rule applies also to all bodies deposited in vaults, public or private, for a period of one month or longer, and when such remains are to be shipped out of the city by public conveyance, the outside box shall, in addition, be lined with zinc, copper, lead, or galvanized iron, and closed hermetically; but no such removal shall be made during the months of June, July, August, and September, except by special permission of the board of health.

The incinerated remains of any human being may be transported by public or private conveyance inclosed in a hermetically sealed metal box or clay urn without outer box or covering, and if removed before the expiration of one week a disinterment permit will not be necessary.

b) Remains not to be exposed to view.-In disinterment cases the remains shall not be exposed to view without a special permit from the board of health.

RULE 3. Depth of graves.-The burial of a body in the thickly inhabited and builtup portion of the city at a less distance than 8 feet, or the burial of a body in the rural districts at a less distance than 6 feet, or the burial of an incinerated body at a less distance than 4 feet below the surface of the ground, is, in either case, according to a resolution of the board of health, a nuisance, prejudicial to public health, and is positively forbidden.

RULE 4. Interment in overground vaults, etc.-The placing of a dead body in any unsealed overground vault, catacomb, or other receptacle above ground or in underground vaults, except such as are fitted with a stone covering to be tightly cemented after each interment, is strictly prohibited, unless the coffin or casket containing the remains shall be first permanently and hermetically sealed in a metal case. This rule does not apply to receiving vaults.

year,

RULE 5. Receiving vaults to be cleared, etc.-All receiving vaults within the city shall be cleared, cleaned, and disinfected before the 1st day of May in each and every and the keeping of a dead body in a receiving vault for more than 72 hours is prohibited between the 1st day of May and the 1st day of October, except by special permission of the board of health; during this period the permit which places a body in a receiving vault must accompany it to the place of burial; undertakers will theregive both destinations in filling out their certificates, and under no circumstances tall flowers be placed in a receiving vault. The chief inspector of nuisances shall cause an examination to be made of each receiving vault in the city after the 1st day May in each year and report to the board whether this rule has been obeyed.

RULE 6. Coffins or caskets not to be taken away from crematories.-The lid of a coffin or casket must not be removed before the incineration of a dead body (the handles, however, may be removed, if desired), except when permits are issued to inter the ashes of incinerated bodies in the same coffin or casket in which the remains were conveyed to the crematory. In case of contagious diseases the coffin must, under no circumstances, be opened, but must be burned with the body.

RULE 7. (a) Permits to be obtained for all interments.-No interment of the dead body of any human being, or disposition thereof in any tomb, vault, or cemetery, not the removal of any body from the city for interment elsewhere, shall be allowed unless a permit therefor be granted by the board of health, and no sexton, superintendent, or other person shall assist in or assent to or allow any such interment for any such body for which such permit has not been presented authorizing the same. Said permits will be issued free upon the presentation at the bureau of health of the certificate of death, properly filled out and signed by the physician and undertaker.

(b) Physicians' and undertakers' certificates in ink, etc.-Physicians and undertakers are required to fill out all certificates in ink, upon the printed forms supplied by the bureau of health, and to give all the information as laid down in the printed blanks as far as may be practicable, in order that the division of vital statistics may have a complete record for future reference.

(c) No certificate will be accepted which is mutilated, illegible, inaccurate, or any portion of which has been erased, interlined, corrected, or altered, as all such changes impair its value as a public record.

(d) Physicians to furnish certificates in 12 hours in certain cases.-Where death has been caused by any one of the contagious diseases hereinafter named, physicians are hereby requested to use the same term, if possible, in indicating the cause of death as that used by them in reporting the case to the board of health and to furnish the certificate of death within 12 hours after death.

(e) Physicians' certificates within 48 hours.-When a death occurs in the city and the physician in attendance refuses or neglects to furnish a certificate within 48 hours it shall be the duty of the undertaker or other person superintending the burial to report the same to the bureau of health and obtain a certificate from the registrar of vital statistics.

Hours when permits may be obtained and regulations governing same.-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. at Room 517. Saturday, 9 a. m. to 1 p. m. at Room 517. Saturday, 1 to 5 p. m. at Room 716. Sunday, 10 a. m. to 2 p. m. at Room 716. Holidays, 9 a. m. to 12 noon, and 1 to 5 p. m. at Room 517. At all other hours emergency permits only will be issued at Room 716. Emergency permits are defined as follows: Bodies to be removed from the city before 10 a. m, the day following the application for the permit. Bodies to be brought into the city from any outside point when burial is to take place before 10 a. m. the day following the application for the permit. Bodies dead from any contagious disease requiring burial within 36 hours in all cases where emergency permits are applied for at Room 716, if affidavit is required the same must be procured in advance No permits will be issued upon certificates giving any traumatic or accidental condition as the chief or contributing cause of death, i. e., fractures or injuries of any kir-d unless said certificate has been issued by the coroner.

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES HOW TO BE PREPARED FOR BURIAL, TRANSPORTATION, ETC RULE 8. Diseases embraced under this head shall be divided into two classes, as follows:

Class 1.-Asiatic cholera, yellow fever, smallpox, (variola or varioloid), leprosy, relapsing fever, plague and typhus fever (Brills disease).

SECTION A. In all such cases the body must, as soon as is possible after death, be completely enveloped in a sheet saturated with a 4 per cent solution of chloride of

1 Permits only for cases where burial is to take place before 12 o'clock noon Monday.