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title is followed by an address from "the publisher to the reader1, which is wanting in (B). Then come "Briefe notes relating to the dubious and offensive places in the following considerations," by George Herbert, some of which have been omitted in (B), while the remainder, with some additions, have been inserted in their places in the margin of the book2. Then, the preface of Celio Secundo Curione, dated "From Basill the I of May. 1550;" which in (B) follows immediately

1 "These truly Divine Meditations or Considerations of Signior John Valdesso, a noble man of Spain (who died almost an hundred years ago), having been so acceptable to pious Vergerius, to learned Caelius Secundus Curio, and to many other both French and Italian Protestants, that they have been translated out of the original Spanish copy, and printed three or four times in those languages; it seemeth to me a reasonable and charitable desire to print them now in English, without any alteration at all from the Italian copy; the Spanish being either not at all extant, or not easy to be found. It is certain that the book containeth many very worthy discourses of experimental and practical divinity, well expressed and elegantly illustrated; especially concerning the doctrine of justification and mortification: and yet notwithstanding there be some few expressions and similitudes in it, at which not only the weak reader may stumble, and the curious quarrel, but also the wise and charitable reader may justly blame. To have removed these few stumblingblocks, or offensive passages, by leaving them out, or by altering them, had not been the work of a translator, but of an author; besides the ill example of altering ancient authors, which is one of the greatest causes of the corruption of truth and learning. Therefore it hath been thought fit to print the Book, according to the author's own copy, but withal to give particular notice of some suspicious places, and of some manifest errors, which follow particularly expressed in the ensuing folios; referring the rest (if any there be) to the judgement of the reader He lived where the Scriptures were in no reputation, and therefore no marvel that he should speak so slightly of them; but rather on the contrary, it may seem a marvellous thing in our eyes, to have a statesman in those parts, at that time, so far illuminated and taught of God as he was. May it please the Divine goodness, that every reader may reap the like comfort and profit to his soul by it, as the translator and publisher humbly and thankfully acknowledge that they have done, and they have their main scope and aim in publishing it.

"Glory be to God on high."

2 Great liberties have been taken with the text of (B), passages being altered or obliterated which were objected to. In Pickering's edition Herbert's notes have been reprinted from (B): a future editor will do well to compare both editions.

upon the title. Then, "A Table of the hundred and ten considerations;" (in (B) "the divine cons.") Then, Thos. Jackson's license for printing the book; omitted in (B). Then "A copy of a letter written by Mr. George Herbert to his friend the translator of this book;" "Bemmorton. Sept. 29" also in (B) with a different heading and date "From his parsonage of Bemmorton near Salisbury. Sept. 29. 1632.” (B) ends with an index, which is wanting in (A). For an account of Valdesso see McCrie's Reform. in Spain and Reform. in Italy, Pidal in the Revista Hispano-Americana, 1848, Adolfo de Castro, Spanish Protestants, 1724.

The temperate man, or the right way of preserving life and health, together with soundness of the senses, judgment, and memory unto extream old age. In three treatises. The first written by the learned Leonardus Lessius. The second by Lodowick Cornaro, a noble gentleman of Venice. The third by a famous Italian. Faithfully Englished. London, printed by J. R. for John Starkey, at the Miter in Fleet Street, near Temple Bar. 1678. 12mo. is in Pembroke College Library, Cambridge. On the back of the title are the contents and Ecclus. 37, 28, 29, 30. Then the preface1. Then an extract from

1 "To the Reader. The Preface of the Publisher of the ensuing Treatises. We do not well; this day is a day of good tidings, and we hold our peace: if we tarry till the morning light, some mischief will come upon us: now therefore come, that we may go and tell the king's household :-thus reasoned the lepers that first came to the knowledge of the Syrians' flight, and Israel's deliverance: and the application of their arguments hath (in a much like case) produced more the like resolution.

"Having been a witness of the late discovery of a richer mine, than any of those which golden Peru affords, life and health, and vigorous strength of mind and body, general plenty, and private wealth, yea and virtue itself (inasmuch as, for the most part, the conditions of the mind follow the temper of the body) being to be extracted thence with very little pain and cost, and without any danger at all: I have thought myself bound to give public notice thereof to the world.

"And so much the rather, as having been a spectator only, I find myself debarred from that plea of modesty, wherewith the adventurers excuse themselves from the publication of this treasure. But who knoweth whether I have not in part been restrained from the credit of partnership to mine own private good; to this intent, that I might be enforced to become the publisher of it for

Bacon's History of Life and Death1. Then R. C.[rashaw's] verses “To the reader, upon this book's intent. (Hark hither,

common benefit? Surely, methinks as in some regard my want of interest in the business makes my testimony of the more validity (for who will not believe a witness giving in evidence to his own prejudice ?) so it seems to impose on me a kind of necessity of acquainting the world therewith, if happily by the promotion of others' good I may help to redeem mine own negligence. This good effect, I hope, may follow to mine own advantage upon this publication : as on the contrary I might justly be afraid of multiplying damage, and doubling punishment upon my head, for the unjust concealment, as well as for the not practising of that, which I cannot but approve most excellent and beneficial to all those ends, that a wise man and a Christian should aim at. In this regard, I hope the pious and charitable reader (and none but such I invite) will help me rather with his prayers and a fair acceptance of my hearty desires of his good, than censure or despise my want of absolute conformity to that which I exhort him unto. And thus much touching myself, and the reasons that have moved me to the publication of these ensuing Treatises.

"The middlemost of which, as it was first written in order of time, so it was in translation; and therefore I will begin with it.

"Master George Herbert of blessed memory, having at the request of a noble personage translated it into English, sent a copy thereof, not many months before his death, unto some friends of his, who a good while before had given an attempt of regulating themselves in matter of diet: which, although it was after a very imperfect manner, in regard of that exact course therein prescribed; yet was of great advantage to them, inasmuch as they were enabled, through the good preparation that they had thus made, to go immediately to the practice of that pattern, which Cornarus had set them, and so have reaped the benefit thereof, in a larger and eminenter manner than could otherwise possibly have been imagined in so short a space.

"Not long after, Lessius his book, by happy chance, or, to speak better, by gracious providence of the Author of health and all other good things, came to their hands: whereby receiving much instruction and confirmation, they requested from me the translation of it into English. Whereupon hath ensued what you shall now receive.

"It was their desire to have the translation entire; and finding no just reason to the contrary, I have been willing to satisfy them therein. Master Herbert professeth, and so it is indeed apparent, that he was enforced to leave out something out of Cornarus: but it was not any thing appertaining to the main subject of the book, but chiefly certain extravagant excursions of the author against the reformation of religion, which in his time was newly begun. Neither his old blind zeal, nor the new and dangerous profession of Lessius,

The first paragraph of which is the motto to this Appendix.

reader, &c.) A couplet "To the translatour," and two pieces each of four lines, "Upon the matter of the work." J. Jack

will (as we hope) breed any scandal or discredit to these present works of theirs, nor to the imitators of them, with any discreet and sincere Protestants. That they were both Papists, and the one of them a Jesuit, is no prejudice to the truth of what they write concerning temperance: in the prosecution whereof we ought not only to agree with them, but to seek to advance and excel them, inasmuch as the purity of our religion exacts a more perfect endeavouring after all manner of true virtue, than theirs can do. We have not therefore judged it meet, either to waive, or to disguise the condition of the authors, but rather to give notice thereof; esteeming, that as treacle is made of vipers, so from this very poisonous superstition on their parts, an excellent cordial may be extracted, for the benefit of all that truly fear God, and sincerely desire to serve Him: who cannot but make a conscience of being inferior in the practice of virtue to them over whom they are so much superior in the knowledge of the truth.

"The quality of the author being thus known, the judicious reader will not find any cause of stumbling at his commendation of some persons, or institutions, nor at his use of some kind of phrases answerable to his religion. That which was of notorious scandal, hath received correction. In those things which may receive a favourable construction, or are not of any great moment, it hath not been thought fit to make any alteration; because it could not indeed be well done without obscuring, or almost utterly dissolving the frame of the discourse.

"The names of hermits and monks are perhaps offensive to weak minds, that have only heard of the late professors thereof, and have not heard, or do not believe the virtue and true holiness of those in the primitive times. But since they are not brought in here for proof of any controversial points, but only as instances to confirm the virtue and power of temperance, for the conservation of life and health; there is so little cause of scandal to the most scrupulous-minded that can be, as it must needs be interpreted desire of quarrel and contention in any that shall sound alarm on this ground. And for the surer binding of such itching fingers (if any such shall be) to the peace, I have thought it not amiss to make use of the decree of that great chancellor of learning, as well as of the law, the late Viscount St. Albans, as I find it registered in his Book which he entitles, The History of Life and Death.

"Which, serving not only to bear me out in this particular, but summarily ratifying the whole business, I have thought fit to prefix as a general approbation; sheltering myself thereby, as upon a warrant under the great seal of learning and ingenuity.

"And so I come to the third discourse, which is added to the other, as a banquet of junkets after a solid feast. The author thereof was an Italian of great reputation, living in the same age which Cornarus did. The change of the time, and the diversity of our fashions, hath necessarily caused some alterations and additions in the English translation, to make it more denizen

son, "To the translatour." Peter Gunning, "To his enemy the translatour," A. R., "To Lessius the author." S. J.'s "Dialogue between a glutton and echo." (Gl. My belly I do deify. E. Fie. Gl. Who curbs his appetite's a fool. E. Ah fool! Gl. I do not like this abstinence. E. Hence. Gl. My joy's a feast, my wish is wine. E. Swine. Gl. We Epicures are happy truly. E. You lie. &c.). Barnabas Oley, "To the translatour." The verses "To the reader," printed above, 64, 65 n. Then, Lessius's Dedication to Colibrant, dated Lovain, Cal. Jul. 1613. Then the "approbations" of several physicians. Then, Lessius, Cornaro1, and "a discourse translated out of Italian, That a spare diet is better than a splendid and sumptuous. A paradox."

On Carbo see above, pp. 51, 302.

Herbert's Jacula Prudentum and other works circulated among the Ferrars in manuscript (above, 302, 303, 313). Page 52. line 2. to burn it. added from Walton: a blank space in MS.

Page 53. n. 1. "The printers to the reader. "The dedication of this work having been made by the author to the Divine Majesty only, how should we now

like. If it give any delight, we have as much as we desire: although there is no reason to exclude the hope of benefiting. For however it seems to play, yet in very truth it strikes home, and pierceth to the quick.

Ridentem dicere verum quid vetat?

Ofttimes lighter arguments effect, what stronger and more serious cannot do: and that is taken in good part by way of mirth, which being done in earnest would by no means be brooked.

"Thus (good reader) thou hast as much as I conceive needful to be known touching myself, or to be said touching the work. As for the practitioners, they forbid any more to be spoken of them than this, that as they find all the benefits, which are promised by Cornarus and Lessius, most true and real; so by God's mercy they find no difficulty at all in the observation of this course. They are sufficient witnesses in their own affairs, and I hold them to be faithful and therefore making no doubt of the truth of the latter part of their report, as I can abundantly give testimony of the verity of the former, I commend both to thy belief and consideration; and so commit thee to God's grace. Dec. 7, 1633.

1 Printed in Herbert's Remains.

T. S."

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