TARTARY.
iii. 227; restored to the Byzantine

emperors, vii. 238.
TABTABY, its situation and extent, ii.

203; conquered by Toulun, iv. 44.
Tasiilo, duke of Bavaria, his treasons

punished, vi. 174.
Tasso, enchanted grove of, vii. 226 and

note S.
Tatars, or Tartars, their situation and

connection with the Mongols, iii.
294, notes; why called Tartars in-
stead of Tatars, 295, note S. ; iden-
tical with the Scythians, 294, note ;
their pastoral manners, 295; diet,
296 ; habitations, 297 ; exercises,
299 ; government, 300; probably a
Mongolian tribe, viii. 2, note S.; de-

scent of the, 3 and note M.
TATIAN, præfect of the East, and his son

Proculus, ruined by Rufinus, iv. 3.
Tauris, residence of Tiridates, called

Ecbatana, ii. 88.
Tauris, or Gandzaca, city of, v. 402,

note.
TAUROBOLIA, ii. 265, note.
TAURUS, prætorian præfect, presides in

the council of Rimini, iii. 69.
Taurus, consul and præfect of Italy,

flies on the approach of Julian, iii.

117; banished to Vercellæ, 127.
TAXATION, Romans exempted from, i.

294; reimposed by Augustus, 298;
provincial, reduced by Al. Severus
to 1-30th, 302; account of, ib.
note S.; increase of under Diocle-
tian, ii. 96; on property by Galerius,
113; system of in the Roman em-
pire at this period, 114, note S.; how
adjusted by Constantine the Great,
134 ; direct, preferred by Constan-
tine, 333; on land how levied,
335; on crops, &c., exacted in kind,

336.
Tayar besieged by Mahomet, vi. 255 ;

surrenders, 256; date, ib. note S.
TEBESTE, the modern Tibesh, remains

of, v. 213, note ; battle of between

the Romans and Moors, 214.
TECRIR, Arabian war-cry, its meaning,

vi. 314, note.
Trias, Gothic commander, occupies

Verona, v. 232; elected to succeed
Totila, 235; marches to the relief nf
Cumæ, besieged by Narses, ib.; de-
feated and slain at Mount Lactarius,

236.
TERRIT, captured by Tamerlane, ii.

TEUTONIO KNIGHTS.
410; site of, ib. note 8.; the birth-

place of Saladin, ib.
TELEMACHUS, St., killed in attempting

to separate the gladiators, iv. 41.
TELHA, Arabian chief, revolts with

Zobeir against Ali, vi. 274; defeated

and slain, 275 and note M.
TEMPLARS, knights, vii. 231 and note.
TEMPLE of Solomon, v. 74, note (v.

Jerusalem).
TEMPLE, Sir William, his account of

Timour censured, viii. 69, note.
TEMPLES, pagan, destroyed by Theo

dosius, iii. 414 and note M.; crusade
of Marcellus bizbop of Apamea

against, 415.
TEMUGIN, v. Zizgis.
TEPHRICE, fortified by Carbcas the

Paulician, vii. 53; taken and de-

stroyed by Basil the Macedonian, 54.
TERBELIS, the Bulgarian, assists Jus-

tinian II. to regain the throne, vi.

78.
TERMINUS, the god, refuses to move, i.

143.
TERRASSON, character of his 'Jurispru-

dence Romaine,' v. 260, note.
TERTULLIAN, his sentiments not to be

deemed general among the Christians,
ii. 167, note G.; his exultation on
the subject of the last judgment,
177; suggested desertion to Chris-
tian soldiers, 188, note; date of his
Apology, 212, note; when a Monta-
nist calumniated the Agapæ, 229,
note; his account of the edicts of
Tiberius and M. Antoninus, 255;
argument of against the Patripas-
sians, iii. 47; boast of Christian
knowledge, 51 and note; purity of

his worship, 432.
TESSERÆ, or dice, Roman game of de-

scribed, iv. 81 and note.
TESTAMENTS, nuncupatory, of soldiers,

iii. 214, note; Roman laws respect-
ing, v. 308; ceremony of making,
309; distinction between inherite
ance and legacies, ib.; codicils and

trusts, 310.
TETRICUS reiyus in Gaul by the influ-

ence of Victoria, ii. 18; betrays his
army to Aurelian, 19; date of his
fall, ib. note; adorns the triumph
of Aurelian, 27; reinstated in his
rank, 28; banquet to Aurelian,

29.
TEUTONIC KNIGHTS conquer Prussia, 6

THABOR.
378, note ; when founded, vii. 231,

note.
Thabor, Mount, dispute concerning the

divine light of, vii. 404; the light
established as an article of faith in

the Greek church, 406.
T'HAIR, king of Yemen, overruns Persia,

ii. 367; subdued by Sapor, ib.
THAMUD, caverns of the tribe of, vi.

240, note.
THANET, isle of, assigned by Vorti-

gern to his Saxon auxiliaries, iv.

387.
THAPSACUS, fords of, on the Euphrates,

iii. 190.
THEATRICAL ENTERTAINMENTS of the

Romans described, iv. 86.
THEBEAN legion, apocryphal story of

its martyrdom, ii. 267, note ; three

different legions, 392, note.
THEBARMA, or Ormia, birthplace of

Zoroaster, v. 403 and note M.
THEBES, in Egypt, kings of, i. 248,

note; circumference of, ü. 295.
Thecká, sister of the emperor Michael

III., concubine of Basil I., vi. 97,

note S.
THEFT, Roman laws regarding, v. 315.
THEMES, or military governments of the

Eastern empire, account of, vii. 5;

list of, ib. note S.
THEMISTIUS, address to Jovian in the

name of the Senate of Constanti-
nople in favour of toleration, iii.

230.
THEODATUS marries Amalasontha and

ascends the throne of Italy, v. 128;
puts her to death, ib. ; secret nego
ciations with Justinian, ib.; weak
character, 130; signs an ignomini-
ous treaty with Justinian, ib.;
dialogue with Peter the Byzantine
ambassador, 131; changes from
despair to presumption, 132; de-
posed by his army, 135; assassi-

nated, ib.
THEODEBERT, king of Austrasia, invades

Italy, v. 151; attacks at once the
Romans and Goths, ib.; reduced to
treat with Justinian, 152; killed by

a wild bull, ib.
THEODEMIR, father of Theodoric, sole

king of the Ostrogoths, v. 3.
THEODEMIR, Gothic prince of Murcia

and Carthagena, his treaty with Ab-

delaziz, son of Musa, vi. 362.
THEODORA, wife of Constantius, ii. 112.

THEODORIC.
THEODORA, consort of Justinian, het

birth and early history, v. 42; cap-
tivates and marries Justinian, 44;
associated in the empire, 45; private
life, ib. ; tyranny, 46; virtues, ib.;
journey to the Pythian baths and
death, 47; partiality for the blue
faction, 42 and 51 ; firmness in the
Nika sedition, 54 ; conspiracy against
John of Cappadocia, 70; revenge on,
ib. ; secret intrigues at the court of
Italy, 129 and note G.; buys the
papal chair for the deacon Vigilius,
145; compels Belisarius to pardon
his guilty wife Antonina, 160;
restores to the latter her lover Theor
dosius, ib.; letter to Belisarius, 161;
her spiritual discord with Justinian,

vi. 38.
THEODORA, her singular marriage with

the emperor Theophilus, vi. 93; re-
gent, ib. ; zeal in restoring images
ib.; empress, her sanguinary perse-

cution of the Paulicians, vii. 52.
THEODORA, daughterof Constantine IX.,

reigns jointly with her sister Zoe,
vi. 110; sole reign, ib.; death,

111.
THEODORA, daughter of John Cantacu-

zene, her marriage with Orchan,

Turkish prince of Bithynia, viii. 26.
THEODORA, sister of Marozia, her

amours and intrigues, vi. 182.
THEODORA, widow of Baldwin III. of

Jerusalem, becomes the concubine of

Andronicus Comnenus, vi. 126.
THEODORE ANGELUS, despot of Epirus,

seizes and imprisons the emperor
Peter of Courtenay, vii. 336; expels
Demetrius, son of Boniface, and
seizes the kingdom of Thessalonica,

337.
THEODORE of Mopsuestia, condemned

of heresy by the second council of

Constantinople, vi. 39, sq.
THEODORE, monk of Tarsus ard primate

of Britain, account of, vi. 44, note.
THEODORET, bishop of Cyrrhus, his

charity towards Maria the Cartha-
ginian exile, iv. 188; condemned of

heresy, vi. 39, 89.
THEODORIC, son of Alaric, becomes

king of the Visigoths on the death
of Wallia, iv, 224; besieges Arles
and Narbonne without success, ib.;
his family, 226; resolves to avenge
the mutilation of his daughter by

THEODORIC.
her father-in-law Genseric, king of
the Vandals in Africa, ib.; is pre-
vented by the invasion of Gaul by
Attila, ib. ; forms an alliance with
Aëtius and the Romans, 233 ;
marches against the Huns, 234;
killed at the battle of Châlons,

237.
THEODORIC II, acquires the Gothic
sceptre by the murder of his brother
Torismond, iv. 260; character, ib.;
expedition into Spain, 262; defeats
and puts to death Rechiarius, king
of the Suevi, 263; recalled by the
death of Avitus, ib.; acquires the
territory of Narbonne, 287; assassi-

nated by his brother Euric, ib.
THEODORIC the Ostrogoth, his birth and

education, v. 1, sq. ; genealogical
table of his family, 2, note S.; illite-
rateness of, 2, note, and 3, note M.;
intrusted with the defence of the
Lower Danube by Zeno, 3; date of
his accession, ib, note S.; forced by
the Triarian Goths to revolt against
Zeno, 6; treaty, 7; marches into
Italy with the consent of Zeno, 8;
defeats Odoacer on the Sontius, 9;
on the Adige, ib.; solicits the aid of
the Visigoths in Gaul, ib. ;
proached by his mother for flight,
10 and note; subdues all Italy ex-
cept Ravenna, ib. ; reduces and mur-
ders Odoacer, ib.; proclaimed king
of Italy, ib.; reign, ib. ; partition of
lands, 11 ; foreign policy, 13; extent
of his dominion, 15; war with the
emperor Anastasius and defeat of
his general Sabinian, 16; naval
armament, ib. ; transactions in Gaul,
17; published no Gothic laws, ib.;
his Latin edict, ib. note and note S. ;
connection with the Byzantine Court,
18; administration of justice, ib. and
note M. ; revenue, 18, note S.; visits
Rome, 20; restores and protects the
public monuments, 21 ; residence at
Verona, 22 ; an Arian, 23; his tole-
ration, 24; vices of his government,
25; provoked to persecute the Ca-
tholics, 26; puts Boethius to death,
31; executes Symmachus, 33; re-
morse and death, ib.; tomb at Ra-

venna, 34 and note M.
THEODORIC, son of Triarius, v. 6;

killed, 7 and note.
THEODORUS, Mallius, merit and promo-

THEODOSIUS.
tions of, ii. 318, note ; consul with

Eutropius, iv. 139.
THEODORUS the deacon, his Acroases,

vi. 425, note M.
THEODOTUS of Hierapolis, base adula-

tion of Constantius, iii. 118.
THEODOSIAN CODE, dates often altered,

ii. 135, note ; when published, 303,
note ; digested by the younger Theo-
dosius, v. 271 and note S.; account
of its framing, 279, note M.; disco-

very of the first five ivoks, ib.
THEODOSIOPOLIS, foundation and site of,

iv. 168 and note,
THEODOSIUS, father of the emperor,

despatched by Valentinian I, to the
assistance of the Britons, iii, 270;
founds the province of Valentia, 271 ;
made master-general of the cavalry,
ib.; defeats the Alemanni, ib.; sup-
presses the revolt of Firmus in
Africa, 274 ; beheaded at Carthage,

under Gratian, 275.
THEODOSIUS the Great, his distinction

between a Roman prince and Par-
thian monarch, ii. 344, note ; magical
prediction of his succession, iii. 243,
note ; repulses the Sarmatians from
Mæsia, 288; made emperor of the
East by Gratian, 343; birth and
character, ib.; genealogical table,
344, note S. ; private life, 345 ; pru-
dent conduct of the Gothic war, 347 ;
illness at Thessalonica, 348 ; enter-
tains Athanaric at Constantinople,
350; buries him with splendour, ib. ;
treaty with Maximus, 362; the first
orthodox emperor, 363; baptism, ib.;
edict establishing the Trinity, ib.;
practical argument of Archilochius
in favour of orthodoxy, 364 ; banishes
Damophilus, Arianarchbishop of
Constantinople, 368; forcibly instals
Gregory Nazianzen, ib.; expels the
Arian clergy throughout the East,
369 ; publishes severe edicts against
heretics, 370; establishes inquisitors
of the faith, 374 ; visit to the fugi-
tive Justina and her son at Thessalo-
nica, 383; marries Galla, sister of
the latter, 384; espouses the cause
of Valentinian II., ib. ; defeats Max-
imus on the Save, ib.; makes his
triumphal entry into Rome, 386; his
virtues, ib.; faults, 387; clemency
towards thé seditious Antiochians,
390 · orders the seditious Thessalo.

re-

THEODOSIUS.
nicans to be massacred, 392; in-
Auence of St. Ambrose over, 393 ;
excommunicated by him and sub-
jected to public penance in the
cathedral of Milan, 394, 89.;
restores Valentinian II. in the pro-
vinces usurped by Maximus, 396 ;
consults the Egyptian hermit John
respecting the usurpation of Euge-
nius, 399; repulsed by Arbogastes
at Aquileia, 401 ; his troops desert to
Theodosius, ib. ; defeat and deaths of
Eugenius and Arbogastes, 402; sole
emperor, 403 ; appoints his sons
Arcadius emperor of the East and
Honorius emperor of the West, ib.;
death, ib. ; proposition to the senate
whether Jupiter or Christ shall be
worshipped, 411; date of that event,
ib. note; inquiry as to its truth, ib.
note M. ; prohibited sacrifices, 413;
destroyed the heathen temples, 414;
laws how evaded, 421 ; last and
peremptory edict against paganism,
422; patronized meritorious pagans,
425; family of in Spain oppose the
invasion of the usurper Constantine,

iv. 55; posterity of, 294 and note.
I'TEODOSIUS the Younger, surrounds

Constantinople with walls, ii. 295
and note ; reception of the relics of
St. Chrysostom, iv, 158; education
and character, 162; marries Eudocia,
164 ; Persian war, 166; truce of one
hundred years, 167 ; despatches an
army to Italy against the usurper
.John, 172; devout triumph for his
death, 173 ; relinquishes the Western
empire to Valentinian III., 174; ac-
quires Western Illyricum, ib. ; final
dissolution of the unity of the Roman
government, ib.; pays tribute to the
Huns, 192; increased by Attila, 193;
disgraceful peace with the latter,
205 ; approves the plot for the assas-
sination of Attila, 217; severely
reproved by Eslaw, Attila's ambas-
sador, ib.; death, 218; his ainduct
in the dispute between Cyril and
Nestorius, vi. 20; banishes Nesto-

rius and proscribes his opinions, 23.
THEODOSIUS III., emperor of Constan-

tinople, deposed by Leo the Isau-
rian, vi. 81; inscription on his

tomb, ib.
THEODOSIUS, son of the emperor Mau-

rice, beheaded by Phocas, v, 387.

THEOPHILUS.
THEODOSIUS, paramour of Antoning,

wife of Belisarius, history of, v. 158;
turns monk, 159; death, 160 and

note M.
THEODOSIUS, the deacon, murdered by

his brother Constans II., vi. 75.
THEODOSIUS, deacon of Syracuse, cap-

tured and imprisoned by the Sars-

cens, vi. 409.
THEODOSIUS, patriarch of Alexandria,

his contest with Gaian, vi. 59;
deposed, 60; conferences with Jus-

tinian, 61.
THEODOSIUB, a revenue officer, invested

with the purple by the troops of the

Obsequian theme, vi. 379.
THEOLOGIANS, how esteemed among the

Huns, iv. 303.
THEOPHANES, the chronicler, account

of, v. 391.
THEOPHANO, empress of Leo V., pro-

cures a fatal respite for Michael the

Phrygian, vi. 90.
THEOPHANO, wife of Romanus II., ori-

gin and character, vi, 103; poisons
her husband and father-in-law, 104;
intrigues with Nicephorus Phocas,
ib.; her marriage with him refused
by the patriarch, 105 and note M.;
intrigues with John Zimisces, ib.
conspires with him against Phoces,

ib. ; exiled by him, 106.
THEOPHANO, daughter of the emperor

Romanus, marries the son of Otho
the Great, vii. 25; regent of Rome,

Italy, and Germany, ib.
THEOPHILUS, consular of Syria under

Gallus, murder of, ii. 390.
THEOPHILUS, surnamed the Unfortu-

nate, emperor of Constantinople, vi.
91 ; tyranny, 92 and note S. ; un-
grateful execution of Theophobus,
93; death, ib.; his singular marriage,
ib.; the last and most cruel of the

Iconoclasts, 165.
THEOPHILUS, son of Michael the Stam-

merer, emperor of Constantinople,
his warlike character, vi. 413; takes
and razes Sozopetra, ib.; defeated at
Amoricum by the caliph Motassen,

414.
THEOPHILUS, bishop of Antioch, de-

clines to produce one raised from the

dead, ii. 179.
THEOPHILUS, archbishop of Alexandria,

character, ii. 418 and note ; de-
molishes the Serapeum, 419; seconds

THEOPHILUS.
Eudoxia in persecuting Chrysostom,
iv. 154 ; flies from Constantinople,

155.
THEOPHILUS, Christian missionary to

the Sabxans or Homerites, iii. 25

and note M.
THEOPHILUS, the jurist, his servile

opinion respecting the arbitrary

power of the emperor, v. 270.
THEOPHOBUS, Sassanid prince, com-

mander of the Persians in the service
of the emperor Theophilus, refuses to
rebel against that monarch, vi. 92;

beheaded by Theophilus, 93.
THERAPEUTE, described, ii. 210, note.
THERME of Diocletian, ii. 113, note.
THERMANTIA, wife of Honorius, and

sister of Maria, divorced, iv. 62.
THERMOPYLE, straits of, strengthened

by Justinian, v. 79.
THESSALONICA, sedition at, iii. 391 ;

the citizens massacred by order of
Theodosius, 392; kingdom of, vii.
324; united to the empire of Nice,

343.
THEUDELINDA, daughter of Garibald,

king of Bavaria, marries Autharis,
king of Lombardy, 7. 353; her
second husband succeeds to the king-

dom, ib.
THEUDES, Gothic king of Spain, be-

sieges Ceuta, v. 123; refuses assist-
ance to Gelimer, king of the Vandals,

124.
THEURGY or magic of the Platonists,

iii. 142 and note.
THIBAUT, count of Champagne, leader

of the fourth crusade, vii. 289;

death, 294.
THILUTHA, fortress of, resists the arms

of Julian, iii. 193.
Thomas, St., said to have preached

Christianity in India, vi. 51; his
shrine near Madras visited by the
ambassadors of Alfred, ib.; gospel

of, 226, note.
Tuomas, St., Christians of on the coast

of Malabar, vi, 51, and 53, note M.
Thomas, a noble Greek, his valiant de-

fence of Damascus, vi. 308; skill in
archery, ib.; wounded by the wife
of Aban, 309; repulsed by Caled,

ib. ; exile, 311.
Tuomas the Cappadocian disputes the

title of Michael II., and besieges
Constantinople, vi. 91; taken and
executed, ib.

TILLEMONT.
THOR, cave of, Mahomet's concealment

in, vi. 242; legends respecting, ib.

and note S.
THRACE described, i. 159; colonized by

the Bastarnæ, ii. 48; gold mines of,
iii. 327 and note; Goths settled in

by Theodosius, 352.
THRASIMUND, king of the African Van ·

dals, his religious sentiments, iv.

329.
THUNDERING LEGION, story of the, ii.

256 and note.
THURINGIA, subdued by Attila, iv. 196.
THURINGIANS, their cruelty to the

Franks on the retreat of Attila, iv.

239 and note.
TAYATIRA, church of, when founded,

ii. 207; battle of, iii. 242; site, ib.

notes.
TAYSDRUS, city of, i, 310 and note.
TIARA, or triple crown of the popes,

origin and meaning of, viii. 250,

note,
TIBER, inundations of the, viii. 272

273, note M.
TIBERIAS, the residence of the Jewish

patriarch, iii. 155 ; besieged by Sala-
din, vii. 257 ; battle of between
Saladin and Guy de Lusignan, ib.

and note M.
TIBERIUS, adopted by Augustus, i. 212;

character, 217; used the forms of
justice, 219; first assumed the
privilege of majestas, ib. note W.;
conduct towards Germanicus' widow,
ib. note; fixes the prætorians at
Rome, 242; abolishes balf the excise
on the reduction of Cappadocia, 298,
note ; supposed edict of in favour of

the Christians, ii. 256.
TIBERIUS, captain of the guards, asso-

ciated in the empire by the younger
Justin, v. 342; accession, 343; de-
clares his wife Anastasia empress,
ib.; assumes the name of Constan-
tine, 344 ; his virtues, ib.; names
Maurice as his successor, 345 ; death,

ib.; his war with the Persians, 365.
TIBUR or Tivoli, town of, viii. 210;

siege of by the modern Romans, ib.
TIGRANOCERTA, city, ii. 88, note.
TIGRIS, passage of the by Julian, iji.

203.
Til or Tula river, v. 176 and note M.
TILLEMONT, his Life of St. Augustin,

iv. 182, note; character as an eccles
siastical historian, vi. 84, ncte.