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uncivilized nations, 58. The rise of standing armies traced, 78. By
what means standing forces became general, 96. The superiority of
infantry in, how taught, 97.

Wars, private, for the redressing personal injuries, under the feudal po-
licy, an inquiry into, 37. Methods taken to abolish this hostile prac-
tice, 39. Judicial combat prohibited, 40. Inquiry into the sources of
these customs, 504, NOTE XXI. Who entitled to the privileges of
exercising, ibid. On what occasions undertaken, 505. Who included,
or bound to engage in these disputes, ibid. Who excluded from under-
taking, 506. The cruel manner of prosecuting them, ibid. A chrono-
logical account of the expedients made use of to suppress them, ibid.
Truce of God, an account of, 508. Brotherhood of God, an account
of, 509. Royal truce, what, ibid. Saxon laws of England, for put-
ting an end to them, 511. The obstinate attachment of the Spaniards
to this practice, 512. The calamities occasioned in Germany by, 513.
Welsh, ancient, strangers killed with impunity by them, 541.

Willa, widow of Duke Hugo, extract from her charter of manumission,
granted to Clariza, one of her slaves, 501.

Willermus, archbishop of Tyre, his account of Constantinople, 485.
Wittikindus, abbot, his testimony in favour of the judicial combat, 519.

END OF INDEX TO THE STATE OF EUROPE.

INDEX

TO THE

HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF CHARLES V.

A

ABSOLUTION, the form of that used by Father Tetzel in Germa-
ny, v. 238, note.

Adorni, the faction of, assists the imperial general Colonna in the re-
duction of Genoa, i. 299.

Adrian, of Utrecht, made preceptor to Charles V, under William de
Croy, lord of Chievres, i. 184. His character, ibid. Sent by Charles
with power to assume the regency of Castile on the death of his grand-
father, 188.
His claim admitted by Cardinal Ximenes, and executed
in conjunction, ibid. Authorized by Charles to hold the cortes of Va-
lencia, which refuses to assemble before him, 221. Made viceroy of
Castile on the departure of Charles for Germany, 224. His election
remonstrated against by the Castilians, ibid. Is chosen pope, 296.
Retrospect of his conduct in Spain during the absence of Charles, 306.
Sends Ronquillo to reduce the Segovians, who repulse him, ibid.
Sends Fonseca to besiege the city, who is repulsed by the inhabitants
of Medina del Campo, 307. Apologises for Fonseca's conduct to the
people, 308. Recals Fonseca, and dismisses his troops, ibid. His au-
thority disclaimed by the Holy Junta, 310. Deprived of power by
them, 311. His ill reception on his arrival at Rome on being chosen
to the papacy, 333. Restores the territories acquired by his predeces-
sor, ibid. Labours to unite the contending powers of Europe, 334.
Publishes a bull for a three years truce among them, ibid. Accedes
to the league against the French king, 335. His death, 311. The
sentiments and behaviour of the people on that occasion, ibid
A re-
trospect of his conduct towards the reformers, 349. His brief to the
diet at Nuremberg, 350. Receives a list of grievances from the diet,
351. His conduct to the reformers, how esteemed at Rome, 353.
Africa, the Spanish troops sent by Cardinal Ximenes against Barbarossa,
defeated there, v. 197.

Aigues Mortes, interview between the emperor Charles and Francis there,

vi. 79.

Aix-la-Chapelle, the emperor Charles crowned there, v. 234. Ferdinand
his brother crowned king of the Romans there, vi. 10.
Alarcon, Don Ferdinand, Francis I. of France, taken prisoner at the bat-
tle of Pavia, committed to his custody, v. 358. Conducts Francis to
Spain, 377. Delivers up Francis in pursuance of the treaty of Madrid,
390. Is sent ambassador to Francis to require the fulfilment of lis

treaty, 403. Pope Clement VII, taken prisoner by the imperialists,
is committed to his custody, 419.

Albany, John Stuart, duke of, commands the French army sent by
Francis I. to invade Naples, v, 364.

Albert of Brandenburg, grand-master of the Teutonic order, becomes
a convert to the doctrines of Luther, v, 398. Obtains of Sigis-
mund king of Poland the investiture of Prussia, erected into a
duchy, 399. Put under the ban of the empire, ibid. His family
fixed in the inheritance of Prussia, ibid. Commands a body of troops
in behalf of Maurice of Saxony, but endeavours to assert an inde-
pendency, vi, 347. Defeats and takes the duke d'Aumale prisoner,
and joins the emperor at Metz, 365. Is condemned by the imperial
chamber for his demands on the bishops of Bamberg and Wurtzburg,
373. A league formed against him, 374. Is defeated by Maurice,
375. Is again defeated by Henry of Brunswick, 376. Is driven out
of Germany, and dies in exile, ibid. His territories restored to his
collateral heirs, ibid.

Albert, elector of Mentz, the publication of indulgences in Germany
committed to him, v, 237.

Alexander VI. Pope, remarks on the pontificate of, v, 257.

di Medici. See Medici.

Algiers, how it was seized by Barbarossa, vi, 37. Is seized by the
brother of the same name, on the death of the former, ibid. Is taken
under the protection of the Porte, 38. Is governed by Hascen Aga
in the absence of Barbarossa, 127. Is besieged by the emperor
Charles V. 130. Charles forced to re-embark by bad weather,
132.

Alraschid, brother of Muley Hascen king of Tunis, solicits the protection
of Barbarossa against him, vi, 39. His treacherous treatment by
Barbarossa, ibid.

Alva, duke of, adheres to Ferdinand of Aragon, in his dispute with
the archduke Philip concerning the regency of Castile, v, 172.
Fórces the dauphin to abandon the siege of Perpignan, vi, 141.
Presides at the court-martial which condemns the elector of Saxony
to death, 257. Detains the landgrave prisoner by the emperor's
order, 266. Commands under the emperor the army destined against
France, 364. Is appointed commander in chief in Piedmont, 405.
Enters the ecclesiastical territories and seizes the Campagna Romana,
447. Concludes a truce with the pope, ibid. Negociates a peace
between Philip and the pope, with Cardinal Caraffa, 467. Goes to
Rome to ask pardon of the pope for his hostilities, 468. Is sent
to Paris in the name of Philip to espouse the princess Elizabeth,
4.99.
Amerstorff, a nobleman of Holland, associated by Charles V. with Cardinal
Ximenes in the regency of Castile, v, 195.

Anabaptists, the origin of that sect deduced, vi, 23. Their principal
tenets, ibid. Their settlement at Munster, 24. Character of their
principal leaders, ibid. They seize the city of Munster, 25. They
establish a new form of government there, ibid. Choose Boccold king,
27. Their licentious practices, 28. A confederacy of the German
princes formed against them, 29. Are blockaded in Munster by the
bishop, ibid. The city taken, and great slaughter made of them, 31.
Their king put to death, ibid. Character of the sect since that period,
ibid. See Matthias and Boccold.

Angleria, his authority cited in proof of the extortions of the Flemish
ministers of Charles V. v, 205.

Anhalt, prince of, avows the opinions of Martin Luther, v, 349.
Annats to the court of Rome, what, v, 267.

Aragon, how Ferdinand became possessed of that kingdom, v, 166.
The cortes of, acknowledges the archduke Philip's title to the crown.
167. Ancient enmity between his kingdom and Castile, 170. Na-
varre added to this crown by the arts of Ferdinand, 181. Arrival
of Charles V, 205. The cortes not allowed to assemble in his name,
206. The refractory behaviour of the Aragonese, ibid. They re-
fuse restitution of the kingdom of Navarre, ibid. Don John Lanuza,
appointed regent, on the departure of Charles for Germany, 224.
Who composes the disturbances there, 330. The moderation of
Charles towards the insurgents on his arrival in Spain, 332. See
Spain.

Ardres, an interview there between Francis I. and Henry VIII. of
England, v, 233.

Asturias, Charles son of Philip and Joanna, acknowledged prince of, by
the cortes of Castile, v, 176.

Augsburg, a diet called there by Charles V. vi, 5. His public entry
into that city, ibid. The confession of faith named from this city,
drawn up by Melancthon, 6. Resolute behaviour of the Protestant
princes at, 7, The diet again assemble there, 272. Is intimidated
by being surrounded by the emperor's Spanish troops, ibid. The em-
peror re-establishes the Romish worship in the churches of, ibid. The
diet, by the emperor's order, petitions the pope for the return of the
council to Trent, 278. A system of theology laid before the diet by
the emperor, 282. The archbishop of Mentz declares, without au-
thority, the diet's acceptance of it, ibid. Its form of government
violently altered, and rendered submissive to the emperor, 288. The
diet reassembled there, 298. The diet takes part with the emperor
against the city of Magdeburgh, 305. Is seized by Maurice of Saxony,
338. Another diet at, opened by Ferdinand, 411. Cardinal Morone
attends the diet as the pope's nuncio, 412. Morone departs on the
pope's death, 413. Recess of the diet on the subject of religion, 416.
Remarks on this recess, 420.

Avila, a convention of the malecontents in Spain held there, v, 309. A
confederacy termed the Holy Junta formed there, 310. Which dis-
claims the authority of Adrian, ibid. The Holy Junta removed to
Tordesillas, 311. See Junta.

Austria, by what means the house of, became so formidable in Germany,
v, 421. The extraordinary acquisitions of the house of, in the person
of the emperor Charles V, vi, 502. 505.

B

Barbarossa, Horuck, his rise to the kingdom of Algiers and Tunis, v,
197. Defeats the Spanish troops sent against him by Cardinal Xi-
menes, ibid. His parentage, vi, 36. Commences pirate with his
brother Hayradin, ibid. How he acquired possession of Algiers, 37.
Infests the coast of Spain, ibid. Is reduced and killed by Comares the
Spanish governor of Oran, ibid.

Hayradin, brother to the former of the same name, takes pos-
session of Algiers on his brother's death, vi, 37. Puts his dominions
under the protection of the Grand Seignior, 38. Obtains the command
of the Turkish fleet, ibid. His treacherous treatment of Alraschid,
brother to the king of Tunis, 39. Seizes Tunis, 40. Extends his
depredations by sea, ibid. Prepares to resist the emperor's armament
against him, 42. Goletta and his fleet taken, 43. Is defeated by
Charles, 44. Tunis taken, 45. Makes a descent on Italy, 149. Burns

Rheggio, ibid. Besieges Nice in conjunction with the French, but is
forced to retire, 149, 150. Is dismissed by Francis, 150.

Barbary, a summary view of the revolutions of, vi, 35. Its division
into independent kingdoms, ibid. Rise of the piratical states, 36. See
Barbarossa.

Barcelona, the public entry of the emperor Charles V. into that city as
its count, v, 447. The treaties of Charles with the Italian states
published there, 449.

Bayard, chevalier, his character, v, 287. His gallant defence of Me-
ziers, besieged by the imperialists, ibid. Obliges them to raise the
siege, ibid.
His noble behaviour at his death, 346. His respectful
funeral, 347.
Bellay, M. his erroneous account of the education of Charles V. corrected
v, 183, note. His account of the disastrous retreat of the emperor
Charles V. from his invasion of Provence, vi, 69.

Bible, a translation of, undertaken by Martin Luther, and its effects in
opening the eyes of the people, v, 348.

Biococca, battle of, between Colonna and Mareschal Lautrec, v, 298.
Boccold, or Beukles, John, a journeyman tailor, becomes a leader of the
Anabaptists at Munster, vi, 24. Succeeds Matthias in the direction
of their affairs, 26. His enthusiastic extravagancies, 27. Is chosen
king, ibid.
Marries fourteen wives, 28. Beheads one of them, 30.
Is put to a cruel death at the taking of Munster, 31. See Ana-
baptists.

Bohemia, the archduke Ferdinand chosen king of, v, 421. Ferdinand
encroaches on the liberties of the Bohemians, vi, 270. The reforma-
tion introduced by John Huss and Jerome of Prague, ibid. The Bo-
hemians raise an army to no purpose, 271.

Bonnivet, admiral of France, appointed to command the invasion of
Milan, v, 340. His character, ibid. Enables Colonna to defend the
city of Milan by his imprudent delay, 341. Forced to abandon the
Milanese, 346. Is wounded, and his army defeated by the imperialists,
ibid. Stimulates Francis to an invasion of the Milanese, 360. Ad-
vises Francis to besiege Pavia, 362. Advises him to give battle to
Bourbon, who advanced to the relief of Pavia, 366. Is killed at the
battle of Pavia, 367.

Bologna, an interview between the emperor Charles V. and Pope Clement
VII. there, v, 448. Another meeting between them there, vi, 14.
Bouillon, Robert de la Mark, lord of, declares war against the emperor
Charles, at the instigation of Francis, v, 268. Is ordered by Francis
to disband his troops, ibid. His territories reduced by the emperor,
ibid.

Boulogne, besieged by Henry VIII. of England, vi, 164. Taken, 171.
Bourbon, Charles, duke of, his character, v, 336. The causes of his dis-
content with Francis I. ibid. His duchess dies, 337. Rejects the ad-
vances of Louise the king's mother, ibid. His estate sequestered by.
her intrigues, ibid. Negociates secretly with the emperor, 338. Is
included in a treaty between the emperor and Henry VIII. of Eng-
land, ibid. Is taxed by the king with betraying him, which he denies,
339. Escapes to Italy, ibid. Directs the measures of the imperial
army under Lannoy, 345. Defeats the French on the banks of the
Sessia, 346. Instigates Charles to an invasion of France, 356. Ad-
vances to the relief of Pavia, 365. Defeats Francis, and takes him
prisoner, 368. Hastens to Madrid to secure his own interests in the
interview between Charles and Francis, 370. His kind reception by
Charles, 384. Obtains a grant of the duchy of Milan, and is made
general of the imperial army, 385. Obliges Sforza to surrender Milan,
405.

Is forced to oppress the Milanese, to satisfy his troops mutiny.

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