lived until about 1852. He spent two years in Ohio, then came to Iowa and located at McGregor, where he engaged in the furniture business. In 1868 he removed to Ossian; thence two years later to Calmar, where he engaged in his present business. He married Adeline A. Dunham, a native of Vt., and has one son, Henry.

C. W. Giesen, dealer in lumber, doors, sash, blinds, etc., was born in Prussia in 1848; came to America in 1854 with his parents and settled in Rossville, Allamakee County, Iowa. In 1865 he moved to Conover and engaged in general merchandise and lumber business; remained there until 1874, then came to Calmar and established his present business. Mr. G. is the present mayor of Calmar, and has been a town trustee several times. He married Arnie C. Huber, a native of this county. She is a daughter of F. J. Huber. They have three sons, Henry J., Frank H. and Charles W.

Louis Groos, P. O. Fort Atkinson; farmer, Sec. 33, Calmar tp.; son of John and Catharine Groos; was born in Germany, December 25, 1825, emigrated to the U. S. in 1849, and located in Lake County, Ohio, where he remained two years then went to Trumbull County, and from there to this county in 1857, and located on his present farm which now contains 230 acres valued at $25 per acre. He was married Oct. 13, 1848, to Miss Elizabeth Schafer, a native of Germany, born in 1824. They have seven children, Louis, Jr., John, George, 'Mary, Louisa, Elizabeth and Caroline. They have lost one son, Charles, who died May 4th, 1869. Mr. Groos and family are members of the Lutheran Church at Ft. Atkinson.

Wesley M. Gibbs, farmer, Bluffton tp.; was born in Essex County, New York, in March, 1844, and moved with his parents to Iowa in 1863. They located in Decorah township and bought land, and he resided there with them until 1871, when he bought land here and has resided here ever since; owns 180 acres within a half mile of the village of Bluffton. The land is improved and under fence; 80 acres of the same is fine timber. The farm is well stocked and has good buildings. He is a prominent citizen and has filled several offices of trust in the township. He was married in 1868, in Freeport, to Miss Sarah J. Morse.

He

Hans Gulbranson Melos, farmer, Bluffton tp.; was born in Norway in 1818; came to the U. S. in 1852 and settled in Decorah, Iowa; remained there two years, and then came to this township and entered land from the government, 100 acres, and has bought the rest since; now owns 500 acres in sections 18, 20 and 31. resides in 18, where he has built a fine residence, barns, etc. This farm is well improved and stocked. He married in 1854 at Decorah, Miss Caroline Jensen, and has nine children, Gilbert, Joy, Hans, Ole, Gustav, Rachael, Carrie, Ann and Bertie.

Andrew Gilbertson, P. O. Washington Prairie, farmer, Sec. 25, Glenwood tp.; owns a farm of 160 acres, valued at $40 per acre. He was born in 1836 in Norway; emigrated to the U. S. in 1852, locating in Columbia Co., Wis., and remaining till 1856, when he came to Winneshiek Co., and located on his present farm. He was married to Miss Betsy E. Evenson, by whom he had three children, William, Clara and Matilda. His wife died in 1880. Mr. Gilbertson has served as trustee of his tp., school director, etc., and is a member of the Lutheran church.

H. Gulbranson, dealer in harness and horse furnishing goods, was born in Norway in 1836; came to America in 1854, and settled in Decorah, where he remained until 1861, when he enlisted in Co. D, 3d Ia. Inf., and served four years and three months. He returned to Decorah and engaged in the harness trade, and in 1867, came to Ridgeway and entered business as above. He has been twice married, first to Carrie Anderson, who died in 1879, leaving three children, Ida, Fred and Mena; his second marriage was to Christena Peterson.

John Greenhalgh, farmer, Sec. 9, P. O. Cresco, owns 200 acres of land, valued at $35 per acre; was born in Delaware in 1849; is the sixth son of William and Elizabeth Greenhalgh. He was married in 1873 to Susan Fuller, a native of New York. When eight years old he came to Winneshiek Co. with his parents, and has since resided in the county. In 1881 he purchase his father's old homestead, his father having removed to Cresco.

W. B. Goocher, farmer, Sec. 14, P. O. Cresco; owns 440 acres of land, valued at $40 per acre; was born in Germany in the year 1828; is the second son of Martin and Catherine Goocher; in 1848 he came with his parents to America, and settled in Wis.; after staying there four years he went to Ill. and lived there till 1855, when he came to Io. and settled in Winneshiek Co. Mr. Goocher was married in 1857 to Miss Mary A. Bootle, a native of Germany, and has three children, Henry W., George B. and Carrie.

Nathan Griffin, wagon maker, Fort Atkinson, was born in Otselic, Chenango Co., N. Y., in 1839; learned his trade in North Brookfield, Madison Co., N. Y., with Fitch, Boone & Co., wagon manufacturers. In 1863 he went into business at that place in partnership with H. House, and conducted it two years; then was two years in the business in Chatauqua Co.; then two years in Niagara Co.; afterwards returned to Chatauqua Co.; and then came to Iowa, settling at Waucoma, Fayette Co., and engaged at farming for three years. He owns 180 acres of land there, and has improved the same. He moved to this place in May, 1881, established his present business, and rents his farm; occupies a well fitted shop, and manufactures wagons and buggies; has established a good trade in repairing and manufacturing, having the only establishment of the kind in town.

Lawrence Glass, proprietor St. Cloud Flouring Mills, situated on Turkey River, is a native of Germany, came to America about the year 1851; and after remaining one year in Penn., he came to this county and engaged at farming. In 1878 he purchased the mills of A. Ames, and has since run the same. The mills are fitted for merchant work, and also does custom work; are 45x50 feet; four stories and basement, fitted with five run of burrs, bran dusters, purifiers and all the latest improvements and machinery necessary for patent process mills, use four Huston water wheels, and have fine water power; capacity 150 barrels per day. The mills are operated and managed by his son, Charles Glass. They also own 350 acres near the mills, situated in Section 5 all improved and well stocked, fine large residence and other buildings; also own 75 acres in Calmar tp., which latter they rent; they have also 35 acres of timber, near West Union, Fayette Co., beside other real estate property.

H. J. Hardin, farmer, was born in Clinton County, New York, in 1826, and followed the trade of blacksmith. In 1858 he came to Iowa, locating in the village of Burr Oak, this county. bought town property and opened a shop, and followed his trade there until 1873; then bought the land in sections 26 and 35, there being 240 acres, where he still resides. It is well improved and stocked, with good residence and farm buildings. Mr. Hardin was a member of the county board of supervisors in 1861-2, having been elected on the republican ticket. He has also been assessor for several years in his township, and has filled various other offces. He was married in New York to his first wife, who is now dead, having left four children, and he afterwards married in 1872, at this place, Mrs. Atkinson (nee Wingale). The children of his first wife M. W. Hardin, who is county clerk; H. W. B. Hardin, Chloe and Lewes.

F. G. Hale, junior member and manager of the firm of Rice & Hale, proprietors of the Bluffton Mills; was born in Portage 0., Ohio, 1846, and in 1866 came with his parents to this county. They located at Freeport, and for two years owned and ran the flouring mill there. They then sold out and moved to Fremont township and engaged in farming near Plymouth Rock. In 1873 he quit farming, and engaged in business at Kendallville in the same township, with a stock of general merchandise. He remained in this business until the fall of 1875, when he was elected county auditor on the republican ticket. He then closed out his business in time to enter upon his official duties in January, 1876. He was re-elected in 1877, and again in 1879. He had served three years previous to his election to the office of auditor as a member of the board of supervisors. At the expiration of his term of office he came to this place, having three years before bought, in partnership with Almon Rice, the mill property here. He purchased residence property and has resided here ever since,

The mill is located in the

conducting the business for the firm. village of Bluffton, on the Upper Iowa River, on section 9. The main building is four stories, 40x40, and fitted for merchant work with three run of buhrs, and all modern appliances for the same, including bran duster, purifier, etc., for "new process mill," also an addition, originally a saw mill, and now fitted as the feed department with one run of buhrs, and corn sheller, etc., for grinding feed. The water power is one of the finest on the river. The mill uses four Leffell water wheels and one Decorah patent water wheel, and is in charge of a practical miller of many years' experience, Mr. R. B. Sharp. Mr. Hale owns a fine farm of 180 acres in Fremont and Orleans tps., besides his town property. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Burr Oak Lodge. He married in 1875 at Cresco, Io., Miss Ida E. Maxon, and they have two children, Fred M. and Charles Leslie.

C. A. Hiatt was born in Hamilton Co., Io., in 1854. His parents came to this Co. in 1856, located in Hesper tp., and lived on what is known as the Peterson farm. He lived in Minn. four years; then returned to Iowa and bought an 80 acre farm in sec. 15, where he now resides. The farm is well improved, and Mr. H. also farms part of his father-in-law's (E. E. Meeder's) land. He married, in February, 1880, Miss Meeder, and they have one child, Claude.

John Hegg, P. O. Decorah; farmer, Section 2, Springfield tp., was born April 28, 1848, in Norway, and came with his parents to the U. S. in 1853, locating on section 1, this tp., where his father died Nov. 1st, 1861. Mr. Hegg was married to Miss Sarah Vista Oct. 28th, 1871; their children are, Sophia C., Olaf, John, Gustav, and Louisa E. They have lost by death one son, Olaf. Mr. Hegg at present owns 172 acres of land, valued at $35 per acre. He has also served his tp. as assessor and collector, and is a member of the Lutheran church.

O. T. Hamre, proprietor of the St. Cloud hotel, and livery barn, Decorah; also deals largely in agricultural implements, in company with Henry Paine. Mr. Hamre was born in Norway Oct. 24th, 1837. In 1857 he came to the U. S., and his first location was in Winneshiek Co., where he engaged in farming until 1861, when he removed to Decorah and worked at the tailoring business, which he had learned before coming to America. From 1867 to 1872 he again farmed, and in the latter year took charge of the St. Cloud hotel, of which he is still proprietor. He married Miss Isabel Christianson December 26th, 1857.

Jacob J. Hegg, farmer, P. O. Decorah; owns 298 acres of land valued at $35 per acre; was born July 1st, 1832, in Bergenstift, Norway; came to the U. S. in 1856, and after visiting various cities located at Stoughton, Wis., where he remained until the spring of 1861, when he came to this Co., and settled in Madison tp. until coming to his present farm in 1863. In Dec., 1857, he

was married to Betsy Thorison, and has six children, Betsy, Eliza, Anna, Jacob, Thomas and Nels. He is a member of the Lutheran church.

J. H. Haug, dealer in dry goods, groceries, hats, caps, boots, shoes, hardware, drugs, patent medicines, etc., at Spillville; was born in Switzerland, Dec. 4th, 1848. He came to America in 1866, located in this town and engaged as clerk for his uncle, J. J. Haug. In 1871 he became a partner in his uncle's business, under the firm name of J. J. Haug & Co., which partnership continued until 1876, when the business was purchased by himself and J. Meyer, and was so conducted for two years, when Mr. Haug became sole proprietor. He carries a complete stock, worth $15,000. Oct. 26th, 1875 he was married to Mary Vogler, and has two children, Bertha and Louisa, they have lost one by death, Henry.

Hon. Levi Hubbell, is a native of Conn., having been born in Fairfield Co., of that state, in 1826. He was a farmer boy, and his education to nineteen years of age was received at the public schools. He then spent two and one-half years at Oneida Institute, Whitesboro, N. Y., of which Beriah Green, the noted abolitionist, was president, and where Mr. Hubbell imbibed those political principles which have characterized all his later life. Leaving Whitesboro Mr. H. taught five years in Dutchess Co., New York, when he returned to his native state and established a school at Gaylor's Bridge, in the famed Housatonic v alley. In 1857 he removed to Bradford, Chickasaw Co., where he for three years was engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1861 he settled upon the farm he now occupies in the town of Frankville, Winneshiek Co. Mr. H. has devoted his attention to agricultural interests and pursuits, in which he has been remarkably successful. He early became interested in dairy enterprises and has now three large creameries in operation, conducted in accordance with the latest methods. In educational matters he is naturally earnest and progressive. Mr. Hubbell's age, natural ability, education, and thorough business experience, secure for him a large influence which has been wielded in behalf of wise legislation. He was married in 1860 to Miss Jane E. Witted, and has two sons, William and George L. Mr. Hubbell has twice represented his district in the Legislature of Iowa.

J. J. Haug, one of the proprietors of the Big Stone Mill at Spillville; owns 1,500 acres of land; was born in Switzerland in 1832; came to the U. S. in 1854 and located on a farm near Spillville. In 1857 he entered the employ of Mr. Spillman, and two years later engaged in mercantile business. He secured a postoffice at S. in 1860, and was the first postmaster. He sold a part of his business to John T. Galby in 1863, and the following year sold the entire stock to his partner and returned to his native country, where he spent about a year. He returned to Spillville,