but it has "shaved" the hardy sons of the west quence of the experiments which Amos Kendall out of millions of the earnings of their industry. & Co. would play upon the people of the west. It has not felled a tree of the wilderness, yet Yet the Legislature of Tennessee have put the some of the most valuable property of the west

belongs to it. The amount of specie, as shown ball in motion, and all the hired presses are to reby the bank disclosures, brought into the west peat the notes of preparation. The agents of the by that institution since its organization, has Albany Regency will, no doubt, be dispatched been less than one million of dollars. The amount with fraudulent certificates of deposites in their which the bank has taken out of the west, since banks to a large amount, where not one cent had 1819, is SEVENTEEN MILLIONS of hard dollars, drained from us-carried to the aristo-been deposited, and the stock of the new banks crats beyond the mountains--much of it to the in the west will be taken up by speculators from nobility beyond the Atlantic, never to return. Albany, who will manage the west for Mr. Van This is befriending us with a vengeance! Less Buren's benefit. To achieve this, we are to have than one million brought us! seventeen millions carried out!! This shows what has become of our a war of extermination upon the Bank of the specie. United States-the public deposites are to be "This drain of our specie through the bank has thrown into the scale of the new litter of State increased from $30,000 to about three millions of dollars per year. It will probably amount to banks, brought forth under the influence of the about five millions during the present year. Kitchen Cabinet, to enable them to make a run Nearly all the profits of the institution are reupon the United States Bank--that institution alized in the west. In Kentucky, where but will be compelled to curtail its discounts at a $24,000 of the stock is owned, a profit, in 1831, time when the payment of the public stocks, of more than $300,000, was realized. The west is the victim upon which this bank preys and and the regulations of commerce, will create new fattens. It is for the freemen of the west that it has been forging its chains in the enormous debt of thirty millions now hanging over us--twothirds of which has been created since General Jackson disclosed his hostility to this institu

tion."

General Jackson passed through Lexington and gave his partisans there a peep behind the curtain; and the Lexington Gazette, their organ, openly proclaimed the intention to withdraw the public deposites. Lewis was in Louisville, and the Advertiser, another organ, proclaims that the deposites are to be withdrawn.

and urgent pressure on the money market. A sudden fall in the value of property and a certain sacrifice of the industry and enterprise of the country must follow!! But what do Van Buren and the Kitchen Cabinet care for that if they obtain the public deposites, and high salaries to enable them to speculate on the "spoils?" We say to the reader, mark well the signs of the times.

The Richmond Enquirer copies from the Globe a paragraph from the Telegraph of the 19th January, 1829, in which we spoke in high terms of We have not turned to the reports of the commendation of Mr. Van Buren, and expressbank to test the accuracy of the assertion that ed our hope, that the "only rivalry between Mr. the bank has transported seventeen millions Van Buren and Mr. Calhoun would be, which of specie from the west! because it is manifest, can do most to promote the welfare and prosthat, if the assertion be true, the bank has paid perity of our country!" an equivalent for the specie, and that it has been Such was our hope then, but how lamentably transported at the expense of the bank. In this has it been disappointed! Had Mr. Van Buren the bank has acted as the agent of the Govern- devoted himself to the welfare of the country, we ment and of the merchants, and has transported would have been among the last to withdraw the specie from the west to meet the drafts which our confidence, but instead of this we find him were given in exchange for the specie. engaged in the lowest intrigues, conspiring But the Advertiser would persuade the people against the reputation of one whom he chose of the west that a transfer of the public deposites to consider his rival, and it became necessary from the Bank of the United States to the local for us to co-operate with him in that intrigue or banks would keep the specie in the west!! Mr. denounce it and its author. If we had co-opeCrawford made this experiment!! He transfer-rated with Mr. Van Buren, our aid would have red the public deposites to the local banks; a few contributed greatly to his success, and he would of the knowing ones borrowed it--the banks have rewarded us with untold thousands-we broke, and Uncle Sam lost hundreds of thousands spurned his proffered bribe-we separated from of dollars, and the honest, confiding, tax-paying him and gave our feeble aid to one who had no people lost millions. Such would be the conse- office, no rich reward to give; to quote our favo

rable opinion then, as our present condemnation, who remain uncommitted as to either of the is the severest censure which his partisans could candidates opposed to General Jackson, may be so various as to require some effort to conpublish. centrate them. In order to promote that ob.

1

FROM THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER. ject, it has been thought advisable to open a correspondence with some of our country INTERESTING CORRESPONDENCE.

At a meeting of the Democratic Anti-Jack-friends, and I have been desired to request son Committee of the city of Philadelphia, your views of the course which, in your judgfriendly to the present administration of the ment, the duty of our country requires us to State Government, the following correspond-pursue in the present juncture. I am sure you will not hesitate to comply, and beg the favor ence with Samuel D. Ingham, was produced of you to give me an early answer, with permission, if thought advisable by our friends here, to publish it.

and read.

The meeting, believing that the opinions of a man who has so often, ably, and usefully served his country in various high stations, and who has had the best opportunities to know the qualifications of General Jackson, are entitled to the highest respect, and will be so received by his republican brethren:

Resolved, That the correspondence be published and extensively circulated.

Very respectfully, yours, &c.

JAMES GOWEN.

Hon. SAML. D. INGHAM.

GREAT SPRING, Oct. 23d, 1832. My Dear Sir: I have received your favor of the 20th inst. requesting my views of the course which duty to the country requires of those who are opposed to the re-election of General

An attempt may possibly be made to lessen the influence of Mr. Ingham's decisive and manly letter, by attributing to him a feeling of Jackson, and who are unpledged to either of disappointment and irritation at his removal the other candidates. Permit me to observe from office. But this cannot avail. The mode in the first instance, that while I duly appreciof his removal was all that an honest man could ate this mark of the regard of those friends who have proposed this inquiry, I cannot perdesire, for it was accompanied by the strongest suade myself that any opinions of mine can be testimonials to his conduct as an officer. It ac of sufficient importance for the use you intiknowledged that he had faithfully served the mate a wish to make of them. Be this as it public-though as a man, a republican, and a Pennsylvanian, he had refused to degrade him- may, I have never concealed my opinions on self and dishonor his native State, by submit- public affairs, nor hesitated to do what duty ting the government of his social relations to appeared to dictate, nor for a moment calcula ary dictation whatever. And as to his removal ted the effect of any such determination upon itself, it will be remembered, that he was offer my personal interests, and am now too old to assume a new character, I will cheerfully comin the mission to Russia, an appointment equal ply with your request. You must not expect, ed rank and superior in emolument to that which he had held. He rejected it without however, a statement of all the reasons which have satisfied me that Gen. Jackson is unworhesitation. He saw the folly and wickedness which pervaded the schemes of the Executive.thy of the station he now occupies. It would He foresaw the dangers which threatened the require a volume to contain them, with the neConstitution and the country; and he determin. Cessary proofs: there is, moreover, no time now ed to place himself again among his country men in private life, whence he could address to them his warning voice. That voice now speaks to them under the dictation of solemn and imperious duty.

Extract from the minutes.

ALEXANDER COOK, Chairman. JAMES GOWEN, Secretary.

for that calm and deliberate scrutiny, which is indispensable to the proper investigation of new matter. When I recur to the reluctance which I was obliged by a succession of facts, to change my opinions of the capacity and integrity of Gen. Jackson, and remember how much I struggled to resist the evidence of my own senses, when they testified against him; when I consider how small a portion of the characterizing incidents which I have seen are PHILADELPHIA, 20th Oct., 1832. known to the American people, and with what Dear Sir: The adoption of the electoral tick- obstinate determination a great portion of the et pledged to support Mr. Wirt by the Nation- conductors of the public presses have concealed als, presents a position in the politics of Penn- or perverted the truth in relation to his various sylvania somewhat unexpected. Many of us reprehensible acts; which were before the pubheretofore contended against Jacksonism with lic;-when I contemplate the force of party dison other definite object than to evince our decipline in maintaining whatever position may be termination not to sanction any of the multiplied assigned to it by the interested few, whether abuses which General Jackson has committed, for good or for evil, I feel bound to indulge and to be prepared to oppose, with the best ef- much charity for the lingering delusion which fect, a repetition of them hereafter; but the still cherishes Jacksonism. But knowing Gen. adoption of a single anti-Jackson ticket shows Jackson as I do in his various relations of life, the possibility of at once putting an end to his probably better than any of my fellow citizens misrule. Until now there was no motive for of Pennsylvania, I could find no apology to concert, and the opinions of those who have them, much less to my own conscience for he supported the election of Governor Wolf, and sitating to oppose his re-election. I could not

do it without resisting the, clearest conviction which would once have shocked the moral of my judgment upon a question involving the sense of the whole community, and electrified highest interests of the country. popular sensibilities throughout the nation. apThe lights which I have had, compel me.to pear scarcely to be thought worthy of notice. know that he has no vestige of democratic prin- Even the keen vision of partisan opposition is ciple in his constitution, and lamentable to re- seemingly so clouded by conscious impurity, late, that he is in heart a dishonest and corrupt that it cannot realize the nature and alarming man. I make this charge upon full considera consequence of gross and palpable depravity tion of its responsibility, and of its merited ef- in public functionaries. The crisis is pregnant fect, if untrue, on my own reputation when with the destinies of our country; all that is now I shall be mingled with the dust. Resting upon done must be recorded in history, and the prea consciousness of truth, which, when incredu- sent generation will either merit the gratitude lity shall be no longer nourished by interest, or imprecations of posterity. must be believed, I can have little personal anx- In this glance I have overlooked the minor iety for the judgment of the present moment. objections to Gen. Jackson, growing out of But there is no occasion for recurring to any his disregard for the interests and feelings of other facts for a sufficient knowledge of Gen. the State to which he owes his election. The Jackson's character, than those which are now Legislature of Pennsylvania have, with great beyond the reach of denial or doubt.

Has he not notoriously violated every pledge under which he came into power? I need not enu nerate them; they are familiar to all.

Has he not, in defiance of the clear letter of the Constitution, appointed officers in opposition to the declared will of the Senate?

Has he not usurped the power of the Supreme Court in assuming, as an executive pre rogative, to give judicial constructions to the Constitution and the laws?

unanimity, at two successive sessions, earnestly recommended the rechartering of the United States' Bank, and our Representatives in Congress and Senators, with like unanimity supported that measure; but Gen. Jackson, by an exertion of power scarcely deigned to the mo narchs of Europe, has forbidden the passage of the law. All those who calmly consider and can duly appreciate the immense benefits which that institution dispenses, must, I think, be convinced, that in this act alone, he has justly forfeited all claim to the confidence of the people of this State.

Has he not usurped the power of signing an act of Congress with a "conditional approval?" Has he not, in violation of his oath to support The bank has purified one of the worst curthe Constitution, refused to execute the laws? encies that ever infested any country or peoHas he not assailed, in fireside calumnies, the ple. It consisted of mere paper of no definite honor and integrity of the Supreme Court, and value, accompanied by worthless tickets issued of the representatives of the States and the from broken banks, petty incorporations and people in the co-ordinate branches of the Na-partnerships, in almost every village. Instead tional Legislature? of this, the United States Bank has given us

Nay, has he not openly defended and justifi- the best currency known among nations. It ed a resort to violence and force against the supplies a medium equal in value to gold and representatives of the people, in order to deter silver, in every part of the Union. It preserves them from scrutinizing his own acts? with a steady and unerring power an uniform Has he not, in contempt of the great funda- and equal value in the paper of the local banks; mental principles of our republican system, im. gives stability and certainty to the value of all periously nominated his successor, and employ- property, and to the incalculable benefits of ed the whole patronage and public disburse-internal commerce; it maintains domestic exments of the Government within his control, to changes, at a less premium than it would cost promote that object? to transport specie, and enables the GovernAnd will not a re-election of Gen. Jackson ment to transmit its funds from one extremity be deemed by all the world a popular sanction of these usurpations and corruptions?

of the Union to another, without cost, without risk, without pressure upon the section from which they are withdrawn, and with a despatch which is more like magic than reality. Yet General Jackson would destroy this institution, and expose the country to all the evils from which it has so happily but just recovered! And wherefore? His reasons render the act much worse than it could have been without any.

Do not the people of this nation claim to have been specially constituted under a benificent Providence, the jealous guardians of civil liberty, for the whole human family? And will they, with such a trust in their hands, servilely sanc tion the acts of a Chief Magistrate, who, assuming to be "born to command,” thus wantonly tramples upon their Constitution and laws, and openly employs the people's money to cor- Let us for a moment examine those on which rupt their morals, that he may secure the ap-he chiefly relies. pointment of his successor?

"The bill to re-charter the bank," says he,

The Holy Alliance of despots against civil "is unconstitutional, not because Congress is liberty, would behold with intense delight such not vested with the power to make a bank, (for an evidence of our degeneracy, and discern in he recommends a treasury bank,) but because it a joyful presage of the early decay of our every provision in the bill was not indispensa system. That there is a lamentable demorable to its main object."

dization in the public mind is too clear. Acts Thus profoundly construing the Constitution

as granting powers whose limits depended ex- to the misrule of which we complain. I am per clusively upon Presidential notions of their ex-perfectly satisfied, therefore, that duty to the pediency. The same reasoning might have taught him it was unconstitutional to hang a mail robber, because such an execution was not indispensable to the power" to establish post offices and post roads."

Another reason is, that Congress did not drive a better bargain with the stockholders; as though a larger bonus, though not indispensable to the banking power, might have weakened his constitutional scruples.

But the object most relied upon is, that foreigners have invested their money in the bank. General Jackson appears not to have known that those governments which best protect their people's property, acquire the confidence of foreign capitalists, who are seeking investments for their funds, and that such has been the confidence in our General Government, as well as those of the States, that foreigners have freely loaned their money, by investing it in stocks of the United States, of the several States, and also in those of their respective banks, as well as to the various companies engaged in public improvements; nor has he realized, that the effect of these loans is to furnish capital at lower rates of interest than it could otherwise be had for, to promote our improvement in the arts, and the extension of our agriculture and commerce. It is plain to the simplest understanding, that if General Jackson's doctrine in the Veto Message on the bank bill be true, we ought to expunge off our loans, demolish our public works, and abandon all the improvements in which foreign capital is employed-lest the foreign capitalists

country requires of all its friends, who can realize the dangers which threaten it, to exert by fair and honorable means, their most effective power to avert them. The objection to Mr. Wirt can weigh but as a feather against those which demand the overthrow of Jacksonism. He possesses high intellectual endowments, is intimately conversant with the Constitution, laws, and operations of the Government, and sustains a reputation without blemish in every walk of life.

Mr. Ellmaker is also a man of high character for talent and integrity. The government ca not but be safe in the hands of such a Chief Magistrate as Mr. Wirt. But it will be said, that he is an anti-mason, and is virtually pledged to all the proscriptive doctrines of that party. To this it may be replied, that he is not trammelled by such a pledge; and if he were, we know that all political associations are proscriptive. They give public employments to none but their own sect. But if this policy be justly odious, why shall we imitate it? And more es pecially, is it not wise to give an example of re laxing their rigour of party prescriptions, when, though the blind zeal of party discipline, stimu lated by the too common prosperity for man worship, we find our republican system on the verge of a fearful precipice? There are sea sons in the affairs of nations, when it becomes necessary to recur to first principles for the test of duty. Devotion to our country, aided by ordinary lights and careful scrutiny, cannot fail to guide and guard us in our course.

who have thus committed their money to our The present juncture eminently demands the care, to be increased or diminished, as or sacrifice of all prejudice to the public good. country thrives or languishes, should exert an We must expect to be proscribed by the infainfluence dangerous to its prosperity!! In pur-uated devotees of General Jackson. But it will suance of the same doctrine he gravely asserts, be soon discovered, that all those who refuse to that the western States are injured by paying interest to the United States' Bank, from which he would relieve them, by compelling the bank to demand the principal!! Whereby, about thirty millions of dollars, loaned at six per cent., would be withdrawn from active and profitable employment, where capital is in such demand, that money is worth more than ten per cent., and well secured loans by individuals, are now made at rates of interest too enormous to be credibly stated.

support for the Vice Presidency his designated successor, are under the ban of proscription, by the power at Washington' not less vigorous a vindictive than that which is now enforced against the open antagonists of Jacksonism. It is a waste of time, however, now to scrutinize the propriety of a proscriptive policy. The existing struggle presents objects of infinitely higher moment than a scamble for office. The national character must be disabused of its im |puted degeneracy, and the corruptions which I have given you this hasty sketch of General announce the near approach of TTHANNI MUST Jackson's conduct and character, that you may be purged from our system. When the geneperceive how much i deprecate a popular sanc-ral watch-word shall be, Our Country, ASD NOtion of his acts, how deeply 1 deplore the evils THING BUT OUR COUNTRY! all will soon be well. which his re-election must fix upon our counVery respectfully, yours, &c. try, and how imposing I regard the obligation JAMES GOWEN, Esq. S.D. INGHAM which urges every patriot to sacrifice minor considerations to the fulfilment of the high duty now presented. While there were two candi-Of the First Congressional District, composed of

dates sustained in opposition to General Jackson, there was no motive to weigh the consi. derations which might enter into an alternate choice; but the adoption of the Wirt ticket, by the convention which lately met at Harrisburg, presents, as you observe, a new position, which demonstrates the possibility of putting an end

& TO THE PEOPLE

the counties of Pike, Floyd, Morgan, La rence, Greenup, Lewis, Fleming, Bath, and Montgomery.

FELLOW CITIZENS: The first session of the twenty-second Congress having terminal ed, and having involved in its proceedings more important considerations than any other

since the commencement of our National Go-will appear from his correspondence with Calvernment, it is expected by my constituents houn, and his subsequent correspondence with that I should communicate to them, in the shape Lacock, of Pennsylvania.

of a circular address, a concise lustory of its de- This state of things being produced, the liberations-the part which I bore-the condi-charge was boldly made in the Globe," Van tion of the Government-and the manner of its Buren's organ, that Mr. Calhoun would be a administration. In the fulfilment of this just candidate in opposition to General Jackson. and rational expectation, I shall avail myself of The whole pack of editors, who had previously the occasion, to vindicate the course which I been prepared by the letter writers at Wasn. have pursued from the unprincipled imputa-ington City, were let loose upon him; and evetions which the interested and designing have ry original Jackson man, who would not conendeavored to cast upon it; some who are seek-sent to be sold and transferred to Van Buren, ing to elevate themselves into office, and those was charged with being a Calhoun man, and in in office, who are struggling to perpetuate their opposition to the President—and measures were power, and through the instrumentality of their accordingly taken for his immolation. When favori e Martin Van Buren, cover the frauds and I was last a candidate for Congress, many paspeculations which they have already commit-pers, filled with abuse of Mr. Calhoun, were ted, and those which they are anxious to accom- franked into this district, by an officer of the plish upon the national treasury. The removal Government; while I was, at the same time, of the Indians-the Indian reservations-the charged with being a Calhoun man: thus, by three per cent. stock-and the purchase of arranging Mr. Calhoun against the President, land in Texas, by companies, present golden charging him with an intention of being a candreams to some of the political harpies who didate in opposition to General Jackson, and have the confidence of the present administra-identifying me with Mr. Calhoun, a set of fedetion, and who are most active in denouncing all ral office holders, in Washington, was secretly who will not give in their adhesion, and bow, operating in this district to create a distrust be with a slave-like devo‘ion, at the shrine of the tween me and my constituents, and ultimately idol of their hopes. Their motives I shall ex-to effect my political prostration. And why? pose, by a recital of facts, many of which can- Not because I was opposed to General Jacknot but be fresh in your recollection. son, (for at that time I intended to vote for

By a political combination of office holders, General Jackson's re-election-stated in the friends of Mr. Van Buren, the "GLOBE" was canvass that I expected to do so-and even last established, with the patronage of the State De-winter I wrote from the City to that effect,) but partment, the War Department, the Navy De- the secret was, that they knew I never could be partment, and the Post Office Department, induced to support Van Buren. I have reason amounting, annually, to about twenty or thirty to believe that letters have been written into thousand dollars. The President threw in the this district, giving orders how I was to be assailvast patronage which he controlled, to build up ed-I have heard of one. this establishment, with a view to the appoint- I stated to you last canvass, that Mr. Calhoun ment of Van Buren his successor. To effect was not, and, in my opinion, would not be a canthis object, it became necessary to dissolve his didate in opposition to General Jackson: has first appointed cabinet; Branch, Berrien, and not time proved my statement to be true, and Ingham were too uncompromising in their de- the charge in the Globe" to be false? But votion to the interest of the country, to suit the I shall show in the sequel why General Jackdesign of those whose object was plunder; and, son has forfeited all claims to the support of the therefore, it was, that they were compelled to party with which it has so long been my pride retire, and make way for a new organization of and pleasure to act, or any man who claims to more congenial elements. be a Kentuckian.

The plan of operations was now formed; and The "Globe," anxious to have me commit. every one who would not countenance the infated against Mr. Calhoun, and in favor of Van mous in rigue, or who shadowed the highway Buren, represented in July, 1831, time to reach of Van Buren to the Presidency, was to be sa- here before the election, that meetings of Calcrificed, with the patronage of the Govern-houn's friends had taken place in 1830, with a ment, united with the magic and popularity of view of addressing the President to remove MaGeneral Jackson's name. Mr. Calhoun, who jor Eaton from his councils. In August folwas believed to have some claim on the na-lowing, the same paper refers to me and others tional gratitude for the able and efficient sup- as having a knowledge of such meetings. The port which he gave to the late war, and the next allusion to the meeting will be found in ability with which he afterwards conducted the Major Eaton's "History of Events;" in which War Department, was, by arrangement, to be he says, that Van Buren and General Jackson the first object of their attack: they first excit- were to be disposed of, also, by the meeting, ed against him the jealousy of the President, and letters were to be written to prepare the and, by an artful move, induced General Jack minds of the leading politicians at a distance to son to furnish the American people with the hu- support the decisive moment. In all of which miliating and disgraceful spectacle of an open there is not one word of truth; but the falserupture between the first and second officers of hoods had their intended effect of rousing the the Government. In this affair General Jack-indignation of the public against Mr. Caluoun son evidently manifested a want of moral prin- and those composing the meeting. Thus it ciple, or a decline of his mental faculties-as will be seen that whenever this group of slan