Pronouncing English : a stress-based approach, with CD-Rom

Preface 1. The Metric Foot 1.1 The notion of stress: Present stress and absent/null stress1.2 Metricalism1.3 The five major metric feet: Spondees, trochees, iambs, dactyls, and anapests1.4 Weak stress, null stress, and vowels1.5 The English drive toward monosyllabicity1.6 Teaching topics of chapter 1 to students of ESOLNotesWrap-Up exercises 2. Strong Stresses and Weak: How to Know Where They Go 2.1 Strong stress moves leftward, but only so far2.2 Three main factors in strong-stress position2.3 Strong-stress retention on the same base vowel2.4 Word families with shifting stress2.5 The effect of suffixation on strong-stress position2.6 The shiftless, stress-free life of the prefix2.7 Applying strong-stress rules to bisyllabic words2.8 Applying strong-stress rules to trisyllabic words2.9 Strong-stressing words of four, five, and more syllables2.10 Weak stress: Placing the strong, locating the weak2.11 Weak stress on bisyllabic words2.12 Weak-stressing trisyllabic words2.13 Weak-stressing "four-plus" words2.14 Vowel reduction: The price we pay for shifting stress2.15 Teaching the topics of chapter 2 to students of ESOLNotes 3. Intonation-The Melodic Line 3.1 "Peak" stress for contrast and emphasis3.2 Some analogies with music3.3 Stressing compound words and phrases3.4 Peak stresses and info units3.5 Melodic lines long and short, falling and rising, and so on3.6 Melodic lines and compound melodies3.7 Approaches to intonation3.8 Teaching the topics of chapter 3 to students of ESOLNotesWrap-Up Exercises 4. From Orthography to Pronunciation 4.1 Even English spelling can be reduced to rules4.2 Consonants: The (somewhat) easy part4.3 Vowels: Which are easy and which are tough to spell4.4 Vowel reduction redux4.5 Teaching the topics of chapter 4 to students of ESOLNotesWrap-Up Exercises 5. Vowels 5.1 Vowels, broadly and narrowly5.2 How to make vowels: Tongue and lip position5.3 Other vowels, other languages5.4 Stressed vowels5.5 Unstressed vowels: the schwa zone5.6 Shifting vowels make the dialect5.7 Rules and regularities5.8 Other analyses of English vowels5.9 Teaching pronunciation: Vowels and consonantsNotesWrap-Up Exercises 6. Consonants 6.1 Consonants and syllable position6.2 Types of consonants6.3 English consonant phonemes6.4 Consonants that behave like vowels6.5 Stops6.6 All those sibilants6.7 Slits up front6.8 /h/: A sound that can get lost6.9 Glides /j/ and /w/6.10 Syllable reprise: How to build an English word6.11 Teaching pronunciation: Error analysisNotesWrap-Up Exercises 7. Sounds and Forms That Change and Merge 7.1 English phonemes in (con)text7.2 When words change their pronunciation7.3 Changes due to work linkage7.4 Changes due to stress7.5 Changes due to grammar: Morphemes and allomorphs7.6 Phonology in grammar7.7 The phoneme exchange7.8 English spelling revised7.9 Teaching pronunciation: Sounds in contextNotesWrap-Up Exercises 8. Appendix 8.1 Acoustic phonetics8.2 The International Phonetic Alphabet8.3 PEASBA's CD: Recordings and CorpusNotes Glossary References Index